Interactionism & MusicMeasuring entrainment and influence in dyads and groups

Tommi Himberg & Neta Spiro

Traditional view

2

Coupled action-perception loops

3Hari & Kujala, 2009

Interactionism

• Hanne de Jaegher, Ezequiel di Paolo, Shaun Gallagher

• “participatory sense-making” • social interaction plays not just a contextual,

but an enabling or constitutive role in cognition

4

Leman - guqin

5Leman et al. 2009

Co-confident movement

6Noy et al. 2011

7

Leading & following

Himberg et al. in prep

8

−200 −100 0 100 200

−0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

LAG (frames)

Cor

rela

tion

coef

ficie

ntCross−correlation − acceleration

P1 leadsP2 leadsJoint leadership

Leading & following

Himberg et al. in prep

Continuous, mutual adaptation

9Himberg & Thompson, 2010

String quartet

10Timmers et al. 2014

Mutuality in MT

11Spiro & Himberg, 2014

Methods

• study design is the key: study people in actual interaction; manipulate coupling etc.

• what to measure? study the dynamics of interaction: windowed analyses, continuous measures

• influence: Granger causality etc.

12

Conclusions• interactionism shifts focus from individual

states to interpersonal processes • what to measure, how to analyse? • future directions: continuous data,

embodied & enactive approach, updated theoretical frameworks, automated data analysis…

13

Interactionism & MusicMeasuring entrainment and influence in dyads and groups

Tommi Himberg & Neta Spiro

Thank you!tommi.himberg@aalto.fi