CRISPR TECHNOLOGYGuided by:

Mr.Baji.KPresented by:P.Navaneeth Krishna Menon

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INTRODUCTION

• What is CRISPR Technology?

• Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats.

• CRISPR/Cas system is used for genome editing.

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CRISPR/Cas System

• CRISPRs are segments of prokaryotic DNA containing short repetitions of base sequences.

• CRISPR/Cas system is a prokaryotic immune system that confers resistance to foreign genetic elements such as phages.

• Much easier to design compared to its predecessors zinc finger nucleases and TALENs.

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• Spacers are fragments of DNA gathered from the viruses that had tried to attack the cell.

• CRISPR loci range from 24 to 48 bp.• CRISPR-associated(cas) genes are attached

to the repeater-spacer array.

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Action of CRISPR

The CRISPR immune system works to protect bacteria from repeated viral attack via three basic steps:(1) Adaptation

(2) Production of CRISPR RNA

(3) Targeting

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APPLICATIONS

In industry:

CRISPR system are advantageous for industrial processes that utilize bacterial cultures.CRISPR-based immunity can be employed to make these cultures more resistant to viral attack, which would otherwise impede productivity.Eg: Streptococcus thermophilus, which is used to make yogurts and cheeses.

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In the lab:

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IIn Medicine:

 Treatment of genetic diseases.

 To make more specific antibiotics that target only disease-causing bacterial strains while sparing beneficial bacteria.

Researches are being carried out to make WBCs resistant to HIV infection.

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CONCLUSION

Jennifer Doudna ,Emmanuelle Charpentier and Feng Zhang

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REFERENCE

• http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2014/crispr-genetic-engineering-technique/

• Horvath P, Barrangou R (2010). "CRISPR/Cas, the immune system of bacteria and archaea". Science 327 (5962): 167–70

• https://www.addgene.org/crispr/guide/• Sawyer E (9 February 2013). "Editing Genomes with the

Bacterial Immune System".Scitable (blog). Nature Publishing Group.

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