Disease control in livestock

Course : B.Sc. AgricultureSem II

Sub: Livestock production and ManagementUnit 4

Disease control measure HealthThe Condition in which all the organs and tissues in the system functions normally and harmoniously. Anychange from normal state either to single or great extent is called disease stage. Health is fundamental for a sound enterprise. Most of the disease can be avoided by proper attention, sanitation, hygiene, nutrition and management practices. Once outbreak of disease complicated –strain –financial loss –dual –production expenditure on medicines. So the farmer –vigilant –day to day activities-to avoid or prevent spreading of disease and to have a check on financial loss.

The routine of management practices like feeding and milking and caring should be followed some time each day, being animals are more sensitive habitual for timing.

Feeding & watering: The adequate clean & fresh water should be provided. An adult dry cow drinks 30-32 liters of water per day besides it requires 4 liters of water for every liter of milk production. Also, the water consumption increases when air temperature rises.

Feeding: The following feed should be fed to cow for one week to recoup energy i.e. 1 kg cooked bajra per day + 1 coconut + 100 gin methi seed + 100 gin shepu + 100 gm Aaliv + 100 gm sweet oil

Care of Milking Animals

Regular feeding for milk production: The production ration should. Be given the additional allowance of ration for milk production over and above maintenance requirement. One kg additional amount of concentrates is required for every 2.5 kg of milk.

Housing: Good housing is required for protecting animals from heat, rains and winds. Also, proper drainage, ventilation and exposure to sunlight must be there. These factors must be available in any type of housing chosen.

Cleaning & grooming: Cows should be kept clean both for clean milk production and health of animals, it requires daily brushing which removes, dirt and loose hair. The regular grooming helps to keep skin clean, helps for blood circulation.

Disease control: The prevention of disease & parasite infestation of the herd is most important. To achieve this, keep the sanitation by keeping the housing & other places clean and regularly disinfected. Many diseases are also prevented by timely vaccination.

Exercise: The cows should be provided free movement to give the needed exercise.

Milking: The udder and teals should be washed with warm water mixed with KMnO4 solution and wiped to dry before milking solution and wiped to dry before milking. The milking should be conducted cleanly, gently, quietly, quickly and completely by suitable method of milking. It should be completed within optimum time period of seven minutes.

Breeding: Cow should be bred at 60 days after date of parturition which helps good reproductive health of cow.