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Asia Pacific Internet

Infrastructure Developments

Paul Wilson

Director General

APNIC

Asia Pacific Developments

• Critical Infrastructures

– IXPs

– Rootservers

– CERTs

– NOGs

• Regional Snapshots

– ASNs

– IPv6

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Critical Infrastructure…

IXPs

• Localised switching infrastructure allowing local peering among participants– Mutual benefits : efficiency, redundancy, cost savings

– Can provide space for data centres, CDN, caches.

• Requires a critical mass of participants supporting one initiative, and preferably buy-in from incumbents

• Most pioneering “National” IXPs are non-profit, member-based, mutual associations– With commericalisation, competing IXPs can emerge

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IXPs in the region

Rootservers

• These are anycast DNS servers, hosted within networks or IXPs, and managed by approved operator (one of 13, A…M)

• In neutral locations (eg open IXPs) provide benefit in DNS efficiency and stability– Sometimes arranged privately and installed within ISPs own

infrastructure

• Installations often self-funded, APNIC has assisted since 2000 where resources are scarce

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Rootservers in the region

CERTs and CSIRTs

• “Multistakeholder” organisations, providing incident response capabilities– Also providing educational services (capacity building) to

communities

• Critical to enter “circles of trust” and network formally with other regional and global bodies

• Mostly non-profit, or government- or academia-affiliated

• Often spin off other CERT organisations for different communities, sectors (rather than geographically)

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CERTs in the region

Network Operator Groups

• Mainly a venue for information and training, collaboration,

networking, “capacity building”

– Focus on “Best Current Practices” in use today

– Often facilitating infrastructure development, eg IXPs, rootservers,

caching, peering

• Non-profit, sometimes informal (unincorporated) technical

and professional networking organisations

• Mostly, national bodies rather than localised.

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NOGs in the region

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Snapshots…

https://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/XA

Asia

World

IPv6 Capability 15%

IPv6 capable global top 20CC Country IPv6 Capable IPv6 Capable IPv6 Capable

BE Belgium, Western Europe, Europe 59.61% 59.61% 59.61%IN India, Southern Asia, Asia 51.37% 51.37% 51.37%DE Germany, Western Europe, Europe 42.37% 42.37% 42.37%US United States of America, Northern America, Americas 40.95% 40.95% 40.95%CH Switzerland, Western Europe, Europe 37.74% 37.74% 37.74%GR Greece, Southern Europe, Europe 37.18% 37.18% 37.18%LU Luxembourg, Western Europe, Europe 30.98% 30.98% 30.98%GB United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Northern Europe, Europe 27.34% 27.34% 27.34%UY Uruguay, South America, Americas 27.12% 27.12% 27.12%JP Japan, Eastern Asia, Asia 25.41% 25.41% 25.41%PT Portugal, Southern Europe, Europe 23.84% 23.84% 23.84%FR France, Western Europe, Europe 23.43% 23.43% 23.43%CA Canada, Northern America, Americas 21.90% 21.90% 21.90%TT Trinidad and Tobago, Caribbean, Americas 21.60% 21.60% 21.60%BR Brazil, South America, Americas 20.12% 20.12% 20.12%IE Ireland, Northern Europe, Europe 19.61% 19.61% 19.61%FI Finland, Northern Europe, Europe 19.60% 19.60% 19.60%MY Malaysia, South-Eastern Asia, Asia 18.72% 18.72% 18.72%EE Estonia, Northern Europe, Europe 18.67% 18.67% 18.67%AU Australia, Australia and New Zealand, Oceania 17.93% 17.93% 17.93%

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IPv6 capable global next 20

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CC Country IPv6 Capable IPv6 Capable IPv6 Capable

PE Peru, South America, Americas 15.36% 15.36% 15.36%NZ New Zealand, Australia and New Zealand, Oceania 14.64% 14.64% 14.64%NL Netherlands, Western Europe, Europe 13.74% 13.74% 13.74%EC Ecuador, South America, Americas 13.44% 13.44% 13.44%RO Romania, Eastern Europe, Europe 13.16% 13.16% 13.16%EU European Union, Western Europe, Europe 13.10% 13.10% 13.10%ZW Zimbabwe, Eastern Africa, Africa 13.05% 13.05% 13.05%NO Norway, Northern Europe, Europe 12.58% 12.58% 12.58%TH Thailand, South-Eastern Asia, Asia 10.70% 10.70% 10.70%AX Aland Islands, Northern Europe, Europe 10.67% 10.67% 10.67%HU Hungary, Eastern Europe, Europe 10.56% 10.56% 10.56%SI Slovenia, Southern Europe, Europe 10.21% 10.21% 10.21%AP Asia Pacific code, Unclassified, World 9.64% 9.64% 9.64%CZ Czech Republic, Eastern Europe, Europe 9.39% 9.39% 9.39%MO Macao Special Administrative Region of China, Eastern Asia, Asia 9.23% 9.23% 9.23%KR Republic of Korea, Eastern Asia, Asia 8.96% 8.96% 8.96%VN Vietnam, South-Eastern Asia, Asia 8.85% 8.85% 8.85%GT Guatemala, Central America, Americas 8.28% 8.28% 8.28%PR Puerto Rico, Caribbean, Americas 8.09% 8.09% 8.09%SA Saudi Arabia, Western Asia, Asia 8.00% 8.00% 8.00%

IPv6 Capability

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26%

VizAS – ASN Visualisation

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Japan

Users 116M

Penetration 91%

IPv4 ASNs 597

IPv6 ASNs 269

IPv6 capable 26%

26%

India

Users 466M

Penetration 35%

IPv4 ASNs 1318

IPv6 ASNs 212

IPv6 capable 51%

51%

Users 54M

Penetration 20%

IPv4 ASNs 890

IPv6 ASNs 178

IPv6 capable 0%

Indonesia

0%

Users 5M

Penetration 82%

IPv4 ASNs 292

IPv6 ASNs 119

IPv6 capable 6%

Singapore

6%

Conclusion…

• Internet ecosystem is still growing fast

• Huge differences exist between countries/economies

– Digital divides will continue

• Critical Infrastructure can be… Critical!

– Built and managed for mutual benefits

• Would you like to help?

– Call APNIC.

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Thanks

dg@apnic.net

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