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Managing Risk - Identifying Issues in the Workplace April 10-12, 2012 Walt Disney World Swan Resort

Ryan Buzzini

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Managing Risk - Identifying Issues in the WorkplaceNational Rx Drug Abuse Summit 4-10-12

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Page 1: Ryan Buzzini

Managing Risk - Identifying Issues in

the Workplace April 10-12, 2012

Walt Disney World Swan Resort

Page 2: Ryan Buzzini

Accepted Learning Objectives: 1.  Identify the signs and symptoms of drug

addiction.

2.  Describe the proper procedure for employers to take when they suspect substance abuse in their employees.

3.  Explain the potential liabilities faced by employers who do not address substance abuse issues within the workplace.

Page 3: Ryan Buzzini

Drug Classifications

• Depressants

• Stimulants

• Hallucinogens

• PCP/Ketamine

• Narcotics/Analgesics

• Inhalants

• Cannabis

Page 4: Ryan Buzzini

Marijuana

Page 5: Ryan Buzzini

Marijuana

•  Can be chemically addictive. •  THC concentrations in marijuana average

close to 10 percent, compared to around 4 percent in the 1980s.

•  Several studies associate workers' marijuana smoking with increased absences, tardiness, accidents, workers' compensation claims, and job turnover.

*Source – National Institute on Drug Abuse

Page 6: Ryan Buzzini

Marijuana – Signs & Symptoms

•  Euphoria •  Relaxed Inhibitions •  Increased

Appetite •  Poor Coordination •  Plant Residue •  Odor of Substance •  Marked

Reddening of the Eyes

•  Addiction

Page 7: Ryan Buzzini

K2/Spice

Adverse Side Effects: •  Nausea, Vomiting •  Increased Agitation •  Elevated Blood Pressure •  Increased Heart Rate •  Seizure •  Loss of Consciousness

Page 8: Ryan Buzzini

Bath Salts

Adverse Side Effects: •  Extreme Hallucinations •  Suicidal Thoughts •  Paranoia •  Increased Heart Rate •  Addiction

Page 9: Ryan Buzzini

Prescription Drugs •  In 2010, approximately

16 million Americans reported using a prescription drug for nonmedical reasons in the past year; 7 million in the past month.

•  2nd most commonly abused drug… (Marijuana #1)

*Source: National Institute on Drug Abuse

Page 10: Ryan Buzzini

Depressants

Barbituates • Amobarbital

• Amytal

• Phenobarbital

Barbs, Phennies, Reds, Yellow Jackets

Slang Terms

Flunitrazepam • Xanax

• Ativan

• Valium

Slang Terms Benz, Candy, Downers, Footballs

Benzodiazepines

• Rohypnol

Slang Terms

Roofies, Forget-Me-Pill, Roach

Page 11: Ryan Buzzini

Depressants – Signs & Symptoms

•  Diminished Coordination

•  Drowsiness •  Disorientation •  Slower Reflexes •  Drunken Behavior •  Slurred Speech •  Addiction

Page 12: Ryan Buzzini

Stimulants

Amphetamines

• Benzedrine

• Dexedrine

• Adderall

Bennies, Speed, Addies, Dexies

Slang Terms

Methylphenidate

• Desoxyn

Slang Terms Crank, Crystal, Meth, Speed, Chalk

Methamphetamine • Ritalin

Slang Terms Kiddie Cocaine, Vitamin R, R-Ball

Page 13: Ryan Buzzini

Stimulants – Signs & Symptoms

•  Enlarged Pupils •  Increased Alertness •  Excitability •  Euphoria •  Increased Heart Rate •  Loss of Appetite •  Addiction

Page 14: Ryan Buzzini

The Eyes Don’t Lie

Narcotic Analgesics – Heroin, Pain Pills

Meth, Cocaine, Ritalin, Diet Pills, Hallucinogens

Page 15: Ryan Buzzini

Hallucinogens

Lersergic Acid Diethylamide

• LSD

Acid, Blotter, Bloomers, Cubes

Slang Terms

Methylenedioxy-methamphetamine

• PCP

• Sernlylan

Slang Terms Angel Dust, Hog, PCP

Phencyclidine

• MDMA

Slang Terms Ecstasy, X, XTC, Adam

Page 16: Ryan Buzzini

Hallucinogens – Signs & Symptoms

•  Illusions/Hallucinations •  Poor Perception of

Time & Distance •  Increased Heart Rate &

Blood Pressure •  Violence •  Impaired Hand-Eye

Coordination •  Psychosis •  Addiction

Page 17: Ryan Buzzini

Narcotics/Analgesics

Oxycodone • Oxycontin

• Percocet

• Roxicodone

Oxy, O/C, Percs, Orange Crush

Slang Terms

Morphine • Vicodin

• Norco

• Lorcet

Slang Terms Vike, Hydro, Hykes

Hydrocodone • Duramorph

• Morphine

• Roxanol

Slang Terms M, Miss Emma, Monkey, White Stuff

Page 18: Ryan Buzzini

Narcotics – Signs & Symptoms

•  Constricted Pupils •  Euphoria •  Drowsiness •  Respiratory

Depression •  Nausea •  Constipation •  Addiction

Page 19: Ryan Buzzini

The Eyes Don’t Lie

Narcotic Analgesics – Heroin, Pain Pills

Meth, Cocaine, Ritalin, Diet Pills, Hallucinogens

Page 20: Ryan Buzzini

Inhalants

Volatile Solvents

• Adhesives

• Paint Thinner

• Deodorants

Sniffing, Glue Sniffing, Huffing

Slang Terms

Anesthetics • Butyl Nitrite

• Amyl Nitrite

Slang Terms Bolt, Poppers, Bullet, Snappers

Nitrites • Nitrous Oxide

• Chloroform

• Ether

Slang Terms Laughing Gas, Whippets

Page 21: Ryan Buzzini

Inhalants – Signs & Symptoms

•  Euphoria •  Slurred Speech •  Nausea •  Fainting •  Rapid Heartbeat •  Lowered BP •  Hallucinations •  Addiction

Page 22: Ryan Buzzini

Supervisors Responsibilities

•  Maintain a safe, secure and productive environment for employees

•  Evaluate and discuss performance with employees •  Treat all employees fairly •  Act in a manner that does not demean or label people

It is your responsibility to:

It is NOT your responsibility to: •  Diagnose drug and alcohol problems •  Have all the answers •  Provide counseling and therapy •  Be a police officer

Page 23: Ryan Buzzini

Performance Problems vs. Crisis Situations

•  Dangerous behavior •  Threatening behavior •  Obvious impairment •  Possession of alcohol and other drugs •  Illegal activity

Crisis situations can consist of:

Page 24: Ryan Buzzini

Job Performance Signs & Symptoms

•  Inconsistent work quality •  Poor concentration •  Lowered productivity •  Increased absenteeism/disappearances •  Carelessness/mistakes •  Errors in judgment/risk taking

Page 25: Ryan Buzzini

Intervention & Referral

•  Document the performance problem •  Use constructive confrontation •  Refer for assistance •  Follow up on progress towards meeting

performance goals

Page 26: Ryan Buzzini

Document the Performance Problem

•  The name of the employee •  The date, time, and location of the incident •  A short summary of the supervisor’s observations •  Any involvement of witnesses •  The action the supervisors take to intervene •  Reasonable suspicion observations •  The employee’s response

Page 27: Ryan Buzzini

Constructive Confrontation

•  Tell employee you are concerned about his/her job performance

•  Refer to documentation of specific events •  Ask for explanation •  Avoid getting involved in discussions of personal

problems •  State what must be done to correct the problem •  Set time frame for performance improvements •  Specify consequences if problems continue

Page 28: Ryan Buzzini

Do’s and Don’ts for Supervisors DO emphasize that you only are concerned with work performance or conduct

DO have documentation of performance in front of you when you talk to the employee

DO remember that many problems get worse without assistance

DO emphasize that conversations with the EAP, if applicable, are confidential.

DO call the EAP, if applicable, to discuss how to make a referral

Page 29: Ryan Buzzini

Do’s and Don’ts for Supervisors DON’T try to diagnose the problem

DON’T moralize…limit comments to job performance and conduct issues only

DON’T discuss alcohol and drug use…stick strictly to the topic of performance

DON’T be misled by sympathy-evoking tactics

DON’T make threats that you do not intend to carry out. If you threaten disciplinary action, you must follow through

Page 30: Ryan Buzzini

Drug Users as Employees

•  More likely to be involved in an accident •  More likely to file a workers’ comp claim •  More likely to utilize health care benefits •  More likely to quit or get fired •  More likely to steal from their workplace •  More likely to miss work or show up late •  More likely to be involved in a confrontation

*Source: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration / Department of Labor

Page 31: Ryan Buzzini

Impact on Safety

Substance abusers are… •  3.6 times more likely to be involved in a

workplace accident •  5 times more likely to file a workers’

compensation claim •  In fact, as many as 50% of all workers’

compensation claims involve substance abuse

*Source : HHS

Page 32: Ryan Buzzini

Drug Users vs. Non-Drug Users

Behavior Users Non-Users More than 3 employers 12.3% 5.1% in past year

More than 2 work days missed 16.4% 11.0% in past month due to illness/injury

More than 1 day skipped 16.3% 8.2% in past month

*Source: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration / Department of Labor

Page 33: Ryan Buzzini

Financial Burden

It is estimated that alcohol and other drug abuse costs the U.S. economy over $81 billion a

year.