2. THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM The musculoskeletal system is
composed of many muscles and bones.Its lets you move different
parts of your body and get you around fromone place to another.
Garfield can runs with his musculoskeletal system 3. THE FUNCTIONS
OF THE SKELETON Humans have got an internal skeleton. It is made of
206 different bones.The skeleton perfoms three main functions: Its
supports the body and helps to keep its shape. Its protects the
bodys soft, internal organs. It is connected to muscles that move
the different bones.Bones are made of bone cells that form bone
tissue. These cells cangrow and reproduce to repair broken bones.
4. THE SKELETON:Supports the body Protects the bodys softYour feets
carry all the weight of your The ribs protects organs like the
heart orbody. the lungs 5. BONES ARE MADE OF 6. JOINTS Joints are
parts of the skeleton when two or more bonesare connected. In some
joints, there are elastic tissuescalled ligaments that keep the
bones together. 7. THE MOVEMENTS OF THE KNEE JOINT 8. MUSCLES
Muscles can contract and relax to move differentparts of the body.
Some muscles are connected tobones by long, non-elastic fibres
called tendons.When the muscles contract, they pull on thetendons
and move the bones. 9. THE HUMAN SKELETON Bones can be different
shapes and sizes. Thererelong bones, short bones, flat bones and
cilyndricalbones The femur is a long, cilyndrical bone The parietal
is a flat bone The vertebrae is a short bone 10. THE HUMAN SKELETON
We can put the bones of the human skeleton into threegroups: the
bones of the head the bones of the trunk the bones of the
extremities 11. THE HUMAN SKELETON 12. THE BONES OF THE HEAD The
bones of the head form the skull (or cranium). These bones
protectthe brain and they also form the face. 13. THE BONES OF THE
TRUNK The bones of the trunk include the spinal column, the
sternumand the ribs. The spinal column is made of smaller bones
called vertebrae. The spinal column supports the head and it also
protects the spinal cord. The sternum and the ribs form the rib
cage. This isprotects theheart and the lungs. 14. THE BONES OF THE
TRUNK 15. THE BONES OF THE EXTREMITIES Each upper extremity is
connected to the trunk by: theclavicle at the front, and the
scapula at the back. The bones of the upper extremities form the
arms, handsand fingers. Each hand has got 27 bones called carpals,
metacarpalsand phalanges. 16. THE BONES OF THE EXTREMITIES The
lower extremities are connected to the trunk by thepelvis. The
bones of the lower extremities form the legs, feets andtoes. Each
foot has got 26 bones, called tarsals, metatarsals andphalanges.
17. MUSCLES Muscles can move and apply force. They have got
differentshapes ans sizes:circular muscles long muscles flat
muscles 18. MUSCLES We can also clasiffy muscles by the way
theyfunction: Some muscles are voluntary: you cant controlthem
whenever you want. Some muscles are involuntary: you cant
controlthem because they work automatically: Your heartand your
intestinal muscles are involuntary. 19. MUSCLESVoluntary:
Involuntary: 20. MUSCLES OF THE FACE 21. MUSCLES OF THE ARMS AND
LEGS 22. MUSCLES OF THE TRUNK 23. JOINTS Joints are places when to
or more bones areconnected. We can clasiffy joints by how much they
move: Fixed joints cany move. Semi-moveable joints cant move very
much. Moveable joints can move a lot. Inside this joints, there is
a tough, flexible tissue called cartilage. 24. JOINTSfixed joints
semi-moveable moveable joint - elbow 25. JOINTS AND PAIRS OF
MUSCLES Muscles often works togheter inpairs.They take turns
contracting andrelaxing. When one of the musclescontracts, it
becomes shorter and pullson the other muscles. At the same time,the
other muscle relaxes and becomeslonger. 26. A PROJECT BY
