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INTERPROFESSIONAL TEAMWORKTUTORIAL
SLIDESCopyright © 2015, byCarlo Lazzari
This work is registered with the UK Copyright Service, No. 284693949
This work is registered with the UK Copyright Service, No. 284693949
“Interprofessional team models are teams with different healthcare disciplines working together towards common goals to meet the needs of a patient population”.
Tazim Virani: InterprofessionalCollaborative TeamsJune 2012Canadian Health Services Research FoundationInterprofessional Collaborative Teams © 2012, Canadian Health Services Research Foundation.www.chsrf.ca
This work is registered with the UK Copyright Service, No. 284693949
Hugh BarrHelena Low
"Interprofessional Education occurs when two or more professions learn with, from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of care" CAIPE 2002
Centre For The Advancement Of Interprofessional Education
You emotions in working in an interprofessional team
Reference:Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1988), "The flow experience and its significance for human psychology", in Csikszentmihalyi, M., Optimal experience: psychological studies of flow in consciousness, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 15–35, ISBN 978-0-521-43809-4
When you mostly need your interprofessional team
• Dealing with a customer who is unwell
• Dealing with a customer who is unhappy about the service
• Dealing with a customer who is angry about the service
Scenarios
When you mostly need your interprofessional team
• Providing a new treatment or service to a customer
• Dealing with complaints from target customers
• Dealing with emergencies from target customers
Scenarios
When you mostly need your interprofessional team
• Dealing with a new admission to Team discussion about customers conditions
• Meeting customers for breaking bad news
Scenarios
Emotions in dealing with previous scenarios with or without support from your interprofessional team;
Skill level: refers to your skills in dealing with the different scenarios in your activity with or without support of your interprofessional team.Challenge level: refers to the complexity of the task you are dealing with supported by your interprofessional team
Remember that any time you feel happy about the interprofessional activities you experience what is called ‘Flow’. This is your target. The optimal experience or flow is where you feel that both the challenge level of the interprofessional task and your skills levels to deal with it are above your standard levels. It is a creative and lucky condition.
Reference:Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1988), "The flow experience and its significance for human psychology", in Csikszentmihalyi, M., Optimal experience: psychological studies of flow in consciousness, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 15–35, ISBN 978-0-521-43809-4
When you feel anxious, or worried perhaps the interprofessional challenges are too high for you. In this case, try to discuss with you mentor what can be done in order to make you feel more confident in the challenges you face. In case you experience apathy, perhaps it is time to increase the levels of challenges up to your skills level.
When you feel very relaxed or even bored, it means that your skills levels are higher than the level of interprofessional challenges. In this case, try to make challenges more appealing to you or try to increase the quality or number of challenges you are experiencing together with your skill level.
HOW TO ASSESS YOUR FEELINGSWHEN WORKING IN AN
INTERPROFESSIONAL TEAM
Gibbs, G. (1988) Learning by Doing: A guide to teaching and learning methods. Further Education Unit, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford.
Self-reflection in IPE and flow experience: Adapted from Gibb’s cycle.
• What happens in your interprofessional team?Description
• How do you feel in working with other professional figures
Feeling
• What is good or bad in working with different professionals?Evaluation
• What sense can you make of the interprofessional experience?
Analysis• What else can you do in order
improve interprofessional collaboration?
Conclusion• If there is a dispute what would
you do to improve interprofessional work?
Action plan
Working as an interprofessional team
YouSame educational background
Different educational background
Mentor or teacher
Higher experience/Sam
e educational background
Higher experience/differe
nt educational background
Others
Remember that a good flow in interprofessional activities can be achieved only when you have the support of any
person in the group independently of their roles and positions.
Copyright © Carlo Lazzari, 2015
Reaching consensus in interprofessional teamwork
Event
Environment
Emotions
Challenges
Skills
What might slow down interprofessional teamwork
• Not being familiar with interprofessional teamwork
• Not knowing IP team members• Too stressful or not exciting. Team climate is conflicting• Clinical duties are very demanding and there is no team
backup• Duties or roles are not clear. Priorities in the team are not
clear• Stress, anxiety, boredom. You do the whole job without team’s support.
• Too much work or demands on you. Team does not share with you work and responsibilities
• Too many. The team does not provide you with enough backup• Not many. There seems to be a stagnation. ‘Work’ needs to be
invented.• Non inspiring. Working with other professionals who do not seem
interested in what you do• You might have proper interpersonal skills but your
team has not• Team has proper interpersonal skills but your
struggle to integrate yourself in the team
Event
Environment
Emotions
Challenges
Skills
What might improve interprofessional teamwork
• Take time to improve your knowledge about interprofessional teamwork
• Familiarise yourself with the IP team members you work with• Although environment cannot change, you can improve your level
of satisfaction with it by familiarising yourself with the interprofessional procedures
• Stress is understandable in novel circumstances. However, as seen in the ‘flow’ circle, according to your emotions, you can modify your skills or challenges to improve your emotions
• You can decide with your mentors the amount of challenges you want to deal with. Either by increasing or decreasing them up to the optimal balance for your skills.
• Interprofessional work is a lifelong commitment. Your skills will improve day after day also with the help of your mentors. Copyright © Carlo Lazzari, 2015
Communicating in the interprofessional team
Communicate
Ask
Debrief
Act
Remember that a good flow in the interprofessional communication requires the smooth passage between the stages of communicating your plans to the interprofessional team, asking for
feedbacks from the team, being able to summarise what was decided by the team and you, and finally implementing your plans with the
support of the team.
Copyright © Carlo Lazzari, 2015
Copyright © Carlo Lazzari, 2015
• My Team is happy to clarify its own plans to me
• Team can implement/act its plan supported by me
• Team is happy to provide me with any support
• Team feels free to communicate its decisions to me
I can freely communicate my decisions
to team
I can ask for a support from
my team
I can make clear my
plans to the team
I can implement/act my decisions supported by
the team
Ethi
cal a
ttitu
des i
n th
e in
terp
rofe
ssio
nal
team
Be good. Do good”
EthicsCourteous
Empathic
Natural Trustworthy
Open
Skilful
Interpersonal skills - Remember that a good flow in interprofessional relations requires the proper application of
all these skills
Copyright © Carlo Lazzari, 2015
Adapted from: Simon, S.T., Ramsenthaler, C., Bausewein, C., Krische, N., and Geiss, G. (2009). Core attitudes of professional in palliative care: A qualitative study. International Journal of Palliative Nursing, Vol. 15, No. 8.
Courteous
Team polite to me
I am polite to the team
Empathic
Team understands my feelings
I understand team’s feelings
Natural
Team is humble with
me
I am humble toward the
team
Trustworthy
Team trusts me
I trust my team
Open
Team accepts my limitations
I accept team’s
limitations
Skilful
Team uses up-to-date
skills to deal with me
I use up-to-date skills to
deal with team
Copyright © Carlo Lazzari, 2015
Patient
Doctor
Nurse
Occupational therapist Physiotherapist
Teacher
Observer
Patient’s satisfaction depends on the harmonic co-operation of each member in the interprofessional team
Copyright © Carlo Lazzari, 2015
Time
Stereotypes
Trust
Leadership
Role
What might improve interprofessional teamwork
• Take time to familiarise yourself with the IP team members: understand what they do, how helpful they can be for providing the best quality of care to common patients
• Be aware of stereotypes that might be present and regarding other professionals of the IP team
• Start to reinforce your reciprocal trust and confidence• Any member of the IP team is a resourceful person• Best results in patient’s care require interpersonal trust
• Group leadership means that anyone is accountable for the same goals. There is no one who is ‘more’ responsible than anyone else when the same goals are pursued.
• Do not delegate your responsibilities to other members of the team simply because you feel this is their role. In the IP team, there is no subsidiary role. Anyone should be treated equally when pursuing common goals. Anyone's role matters.
TC A
Patients are the ultimate clients of interprofessional activities.Be sure they perceive that there is a co-ordinated team dealing with their problems.
Copyright © Carlo Lazzari, 2015
Copyright © Carlo Lazzari, 2015
Handling customers as an interprofessional team
Adapted fromHaes, Oort, Oosterveld & ten Cate (2001)
Each member of the interprofessional team (IPT) is courteous and respectful of customers
The IPT has skills to gather information from customers that are helpful for team’s plan
The IPT shows skills to provide the required support and information to customers
IPT knows how to structure the communication with customers
Adapted fromHaes, Oort, Oosterveld & ten Cate (2001)
The IPT has insight into the own: emotions, norms, values and prejudices when dealing with customers
Willigness of team to assess its own behaviour and its impact on customers
The interprofessional team has insight into its own limits in dealing with customers’ needs.
Adequate handling of customers’ feedback and needs by part of each member in the team
