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Safety and Health
Beyond the Workplace
Tess Benham
March 18, 2011
nsc.org
National Safety Council
• Nonprofit organization since 1913
• Leader in safety excellence
• MISSION: The National Safety Council saves
lives by preventing injuries and deaths at work, in
homes and communities, and on the roads,
through leadership, research, education and
advocacy.
• Partnering with businesses, government
agencies, elected officials and the public
nsc.org
NSC: Leading Safety Advocate
• Leader in workplace, First Aid and Defensive Driver Training
• Strategic initiatives– Workplace safety: Journey to Safety ExcellenceTM
– Cell phone use while driving: #1 driver distraction
– Teen driving safety: #1 cause of death for teens
– Safety off the job: Where 9 out of 10 deaths occur
• 54,000 members
• Chapters throughout U.S.
• Global networks in 100+ countries
nsc.org
How You Know Us
• Safety advocacy– Nationwide call to ban cell phone use while driving
– Graduated Driver Licensing legislation
• Congress & Expo – largest annual gathering of safety professionals
• Research – Journal of Safety Research, Injury Facts, Workplace benchmarking surveys
• Safety+Health – leading source of occupational safety and health information
• Safe Communities America – U.S. certifying center for World Health Organization program
nsc.org
Journey to Safety Excellence
• Safety philosophy of continuous
improvement
– Engage leadership and employees in safety
– Risk reduction Below zero
– Performance measurement
– Managing and advancing safety
management systems
Making Our World Safer
®
Unintentional Injuries:
What’s the national situation?
nsc.org
60708090
100110120130140150160170180
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Workplace
Recent TrendsDeath Rate Indexes (1992=100)
Workplace death rate* down 33%.
*Deaths per 100,000 workers.
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
nsc.org
60708090
100110120130140150160170180
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Highway
Workplace
Recent Trends (Cont.)
Death Rate Indexes (1992=100)
Highway death rate* down 34%.
*Deaths per 100 million vehicle-miles traveled.Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
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60708090
100110120130140150160170180
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Home &CommunityHighway
Workplace
Recent Trends (Cont.)
Death Rate Indexes (1992=100) Home & Community
death rate* up 74%.
*Deaths per 100,000 population.Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
nsc.org
Recent Trends (Cont.)
60708090
100110120130140150160170180
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Home &Community
Highway
Workplace
Total
Death Rate Indexes (1992=100) Total U-I death rate* up 23%.
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
nsc.org
Unintentional Injuries
• #1 cause of death for people 1 to 42
years old
• #5 cause of death for all ages
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
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Leading Causes of Death, 2007
Heart disease 616,067
Cancer 562,875
Stroke 135,952
Chronic lower respiratory disease 127,924
Unintentional injuries 123,706
Alzheimer’s disease 74,632
Source: National Center for Health Statistics
nsc.org
Unintentional Injuries• In 2008, 38.9 million
people – 1 in 9 –
sought medical
consultation for an
injury.
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
nsc.org
Costs of Injuries (2008)
• $693.5 billion
• $5,900 per household
• $2,300 per person
• Paid…
– directly out of pocket, and
– higher prices for goods and services, and
– higher taxes
nsc.org
What does “off-the-job” mean?
• Not on the job
• Includes –
– People employed (full- or part-time) but not at work
• Excludes –
– Children
– Persons keeping house full time
– Retired
– Unemployed
– Other persons not in the labor force
nsc.org
“Off-the-job” or “non-work” injuries?
• Off-the-job includes the part of
– Motor-vehicle
– Home and Community
involving workers away from work
• Non-work includes all of
– Motor-vehicle
– Home and Community
nsc.org
OTJ Compared to On the Job
On-The-Job
• 141 million workers at risk
• 3,582 on-the-job deaths
• 5.1 million medically consulted injuries
• $168.9 billion in costs to society
Off-the-Job
• 141 million workers at risk
• 55,800 worker OTJ deaths
• 14.4 million worker OTJ medically consulted injuries
• $246.8 billion in OTJ costs to society
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
nsc.org
Home & Community Deaths
42% are Workers
52,700
37,600
Workers
Non-workers
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
nsc.org
Off vs. On-the-Job Deaths – 16:1
55,800
3,582
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
Deaths
On-the-Job
Off-the-Job
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
nsc.org
Off vs. On-the-Job Injuries – 3:1
5.1
14.4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Medically Consulted Injuries
(Millio
ns)
On-the-Job
Off-the-Job
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
nsc.org
Time Lost from Work – 6:1
55
25545
545
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
On-the-Job Off-the-Job
Days
(Millions)
In Future Years
In 2009
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
nsc.org
Average Age at Death and
Remaining Lifetime
77 7178 76
41
1115
10 12
40
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Heart
Disease
Cancer Stroke CLRD* U-I
Ye
ars
AverageRemainingLifetimeAverage Ageat Death
Source: NSC estimates based on 2007 NCHS data.
* Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease
nsc.org
What the previous graph means
• People who die from unintentional injuries are, on
average, 20 to 25 years younger than people who
die from other leading causes of death.
• They are still working.
• They are still raising families.
• They would have lived, on average, another 27
years.
®
Affect on Workers’
and Their Families
nsc.org
All Accidental Deaths: 49% are Workers
Workers
Highway(Non-Work)
Home &
Community
Workplace(Hwy + non-Hwy)
Source: National Safety Council estimates.
nsc.org
All Accidental Deaths: 63% are
Workers or Their Family Members
Workers:
Highway(Non-Work)
Home &
Community
Workplace(Hwy + non-Hwy)
Workers’ spouses
& children:
Source: National Safety Council estimates.
nsc.org
Why focus on the workplace?
• Workplace programs have direct access to the
American workforce – 141 million workers
• These programs can reach beyond the workplace and
address family safety and health
• Policies become personal habits – workplace policies
influence about 65% of all adults*
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. Employment Situation Summary. February 2011.
nsc.org
Trends
• 80% of companies with 50 employees or more offer
worksite health promotion programs.
– Less information is known about the extent that off-the-job
injury prevention is included in corporate health promotion
efforts.
– 35% to 80% of NSC members report including off-the-job
injury prevention in company health promotion activities.
• Activity ranges from general awareness to fully
integrated employee safety, health and wellness
management systems.
nsc.org
Current Science
• Evidence shows that worksite health and safety
promotion and wellness programs have been effective
– More productive employees
– Lower absenteeism
• Employers with healthier employees spend less on:
– Direct medical costs
– Worker’s compensation or disability costs
– Replacement costs for ill or injured employees
– Costs for training or recruiting new employees
nsc.org
Current Science
• Positive cost-benefit ratio ranges – for every dollar
spent on health promotion and wellness programs
generates positive cost savings.
• Some interventions may need 3-5 years before
significant savings or health improvements are shown.
nsc.org
Workplace Influence of Family Safety &
HealthAt IBM, 11,631 employees completed the voluntary, web-based program and
earned the $150 rebate.
During the 12-week program, participants chose family goals from a list of options, such as limiting fast food to once per week, walking children to school at least once per week, limiting video games to 30 minutes per day or involving children in meal preparation once per week.
Results
• Family physical activity increased by 17.1 %
• Eating healthy dinners five nights a week increased by 11.8 %
• Limiting screen time to a maximum of 1 hour/day increased by 8.3 % in
children and 6.1% for adults
Study authors suggest the results show that employers can improve short-term behaviors in children and parents in physical activity, meal planning and screen times.
Source: American Academy of Pediatrics, An Observational Study of an Employer Intervention for Children's Healthy Weight Behaviors, published in the November 2010 issue of Pediatrics.
®
Addressing the Issues
nsc.org
NSC Activities
Journey to Safety Excellence - Beyond the
Workplace
– Family Safety & Health Employer Resource
• http://beyondworkplace.nsc.org
– Family Safety & Health Webinar Series
• http://nsc.org/webinars
– Our Driving Concern
• Employer Traffic Safety Program
• http://ourdrivngconcern.nsc.org
– Benchmarking Tool (in development)
nsc.org
Family Safety & Health Employer Resource
• Developed in consultation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention experts
• Promotes healthy and safe behaviors and targets the leading causes of employee injury, illness and death
• Focuses on primary prevention
Features
– Scalable: designed to fit organizations of any size
– Flexible: can be adjusted to meet your specific needs and resources
– Open-ended: provides direction and tools for you to create your own personalize initiative
nsc.org
nsc.org
Family Safety & Health Employer Resource
Contents – A compilation of the recommended elements, materials and tools
– Consists of several easy-to-implement modules.
– Include background information, assessments, tools, resources, materials and program elements
Modules – Building Your Family Safety and Health Program
– Driving Safety
– Preventing Unintentional Overdoses
– Vaccine-Preventable Disease
– Tobacco Cessation
– Increasing Physical Activity (coming this month)
– Healthy Eating (coming soon)
Visit beyondworkplace.nsc.org
nsc.org
Contact Information
Tess Benham
Program Manager, Family Safety & Health Initiatives
National Safety Council
1121 Spring Lake Dr.
Itasca, IL 60143
630-775-2250
Visit
beyondworkplace.nsc.org
®
Appendix
nsc.org
Home & Community Trends
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
Death
s
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
Death
Rate
Deaths Deaths per 100,000 population
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
nsc.org
Home & Community Deaths, 2009
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
Poisonin
gFal
ls
Choki
ng*
Dro
wnin
g
Fires/
Flam
es
Age 65+
Age 15-64
Age 0-14
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
*Inhalation or ingestion of food or object obstructing breathing.
nsc.org
Trends in Leading Causes
Home & Community
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Death
s
Falls
Poisoning
Choking*
Drowning
Fire, Burn
Source: Injury Facts, 2011 Ed.
*Inhalation or ingestion of food or object obstructing breathing.
nsc.org
Emerging Best Practices
• Organizational commitment, leadership support, and
linking program to business objectives
• Employee engagement
– Employee input when developing goals and objectives
– Incentives for employee participation, high participation levels
• Effective implementation, planning and communications
• Using evidence-based interventions
• Appropriate targeting of at risk individuals with effective
screening and triage
• On-going evaluation of effectiveness
nsc.org
Impact of Incentive-based Worksite Health
Promotion Program on Modifiable Health Risk
• Kathleen Poole, PhD; Karol Kumpfer, PhD; Marjorie
Pett, DSW
• Design: 4 yr study, July 1990 – January 1995. Data collected at
baseline and annually. Examined modifiable risk factors including
seat belt use, smoking status, blood pressure, cholesterol, body
fat and physical activity.
• Sample Size: 304 full-time employees participated 4 consecutive
years, Attrition rates were 24.9%, 17.8%, 13.9% and 11.2%
respectively.
• Data: Clinical and Self-Reported HRA
nsc.org
Impact of Incentive-based Worksite Health
Promotion Program on Modifiable Health Risk
• Intervention: – Annual 20 minute health assessment, monthly activity log.
– Participants earned points to receive financial rebate.
– Rebates ranged from $75 to max of $300, $102 average rebate. Percentage of employees receiving rebates grew –66% year 1 to 84% year 4.
• Results: – Modifiable risk factors improved over time. Self reported
smoking behavior, physical activity, blood pressure and seat belt use improved significantly over time.
– Slight increase in BMI and cholesterol from year 3 to year 4 attributed to change in timing of the data collection.
