RECOVERY OF USEFUL MATERIALS FROM EFFLUENT BY DIFFERENT

SYSTEMSPresented by : G.kavita

MSc II year

Dept. of Food Science & Nutrition

The utilization and disposal of product specific waste is difficult.

Waste in the food industry is characterized by a high ratio of

product .

Waste disposal and by-product management in food processing

industry pose problems in the areas of environmental protection

and sustainability.

UTILIZATION OF BY-PRODUCTS AND WASTE MATERIALS

FROM MEAT, POULTRY AND FISH PROCESSING INDUSTRIES

Generally speaking, raw and auxiliary materials, as well as

processing acids, enter the production process and exit as one of the

following:

Desired product,

A non-product-specific waste or a product-specific waste-

Unavoidably accumulates as a result of processing of raw materials.

The current methods for further utilization of product-specific waste

have been developed.

Another characteristic of product-specific waste is that the

generated mass of waste relative to production levels .

The disposing of this waste can be difficult for the following

reasons:

Biological stability and the potential growth of pathogens

Many types of waste material either already contain large

numbers of microbes and/or will be altered quickly through

microbial activity.

The breakdown of protein is always characterized by the

evolution of strong odours.

o High water content

o Rapid autoxidation

o Changes due to enzymatic activity

Meat industry

The majority of the waste, in the meat

industry is produced during

slaughtering.

Slaughter house waste consists of the

portion of a slaughtered animal that

cannot be sold as meat or used in meat-

products.

Efficient utilization of meat by product

is important for the profitability of the

meat industry.

By-products in the meat industry and their utilization:

Variety meats are the wholesale edible by-products. They are

segregated, chilled and processed under sanitary conditions.

Meat trimmed from the head is described on edible offal or an

edible by-product.

Edible fats are obtained during slaughter, such as the cowl fat

surrounding the rumen or stomach, or the cutting fat which is back

fat, pork leaf fat or rumen fat.

Usage of meat by-products often requires treatments such as

collection, washing, trimming, chilling, packaging and cooling.

Nutritive value of meat by-products

Edible meat by-products contain many essential nutrients.

Some are used as medicines .

Pork tail has the highest fat content and the lowest moisture

content of all meat by-products.

The amino acid composition of meat by-products is different

from that of lean tissue.

Liver is the best source of niacin, vitamin B12, B6, folacin,

ascorbic acid and vitamin A. Kidney is also a good source of

vitamin B6, B12, and folacin.

Utilization of blood

Animal blood has been used to make blood sausages, blood pudding, biscuits and bread.

It is used in blood curd, blood cake and blood pudding.

It is also used for non-food items such as fertilizer, feedstuffs and binders.

Utilization of glands and organs

Animal organs and glands offer a wide variety of flavors and textures, and often have a high nutritive value.

The brain, nervous system and spinal cord are usually prepared direct for the table rather than processed for industrial use.

Utilization of poultry by-products

Waste products from the poultry

processing and egg production

industries must be efficiently dealt with

as the growth of these industries

depends largely on waste management.

These wastes, including animal

excreta, mortalities, hair, feathers and

processing wastes are convertible to

useful resources.

Volume of wastewater generated from meat and poultry

industry:

The wastewater produced in it contains a variety of organic

and inorganic pollutants, has a high concentration of etheric

extract, suspended and biogenic matter as well as variable

concentrations.

In poultry processing, water is used primarily for scalding, in

the process of feather removal, bird washing before and after

evisceration, chilling, cleaning and sanitizing of equipment

and facilities.

Rendering (meat and poultry by-product processing)

description:

Rendering processes are processes used to convert the by-

products of meat and poultry processing into marketable

products, including edible and inedible fats and proteins for

agricultural and industrial use.

Materials rendered include viscera, meat scraps including fat,

bone, blood, feathers, hatchery by-products and dead animals.

Lard and food grade tallow are examples of edible rendering

products. Inedible rendering products include industrial and

animal feed grade fats, meat and poultry by-product meals,

feather meal, dried blood, and hydrolyzed hair.

Fish waste/by-products utilization

Fish waste is a great source of minerals,proteins and fat.

Potential utilization of waste fish scrapsfrom 5 marine species to produce fishprotein hydrolysate by enzymictreatment.

collagen or keratin contained inlivestock and fish waste may beconverted to useful products byenzymic hydrolysis, providing newphysiologically functional foodmaterials.

Recovery of proteins from fish wasteproducts by alkaline extraction resulteda good yield of protein from lake waste.

The potential of fish waste

effluent as a fermentation

medium for production of

antibacterial compounds, by

lactic acid bacteria.

The recovery of chemical

components from seafood

waste materials, which can be

used in other segments of the

food industry.

Utilization of waste as biofuel:

The availability of wet biomass as waste from industrial

processes and the need to meet the environmental standards

stand for the main stimuli towards investigating all options in

order to dispose this waste.

Physico-chemical treatment of meat industry wastewater is used

to increase the organic matter removal efficiency.

The utilization of this Biofuel for steam generation has shown to

be a viable alternative.

Biodiesel fuel acquired from the oils and fats of meat and fish is

a substitute for, or an additive to diesel fuel derived from

petroleum.

THANK YOU......