1. INTRODUCTION WATER A WONDER: LIQUID

2. Water occupies a very large area of the Earths surface and is also found underground. 3. Some amount of water exists in the form of water vapor in the atmosphere. Most of the water on Earths surface is found in seas and oceans and is saline. Fresh water is found frozen in the ice-caps at the two poles and on snow- covered mountains. The underground water and the water in rivers, lakes and ponds is also fresh. 4. Water on Earth 97% 3%Saline Water Fresh Water Fresh Water 69% 30% 1% Water in Ice Caps and Glaciers Ground Water Water in Rivers, Lakes and Ponds 5. Practically every summer, most places have to face a shortage of water, leading to droughts. 6. And in rural areas, where water supply systems have not been installed, people are forced to spend considerable amounts of time in fetching water from faraway sources. 7. Why is water so necessary?? 8. Is water important? All cellular processes take place in a water medium. All reactions that take place within our body and within the cells occur between substances that are dissolved in water. Substances are also transported from one part of the body to another through a dissolved liquid form. 9. Thus maintaining the level of water within the bodies is very important in order to stay alive!! 10. Terrestrial life forms require fresh water because their bodies cannot tolerate or get rid of the high amounts of salt present in the saline water. Thus water sources need to be readily available for animals to survive on land! 11. Being a polar region, Antarctica has very less or no precipitation. There are only a few plants that can survive the harsh climate of Antarctica, with it's extreme temperatures, fierce winds and lack of rain. Although birds and seals are often seen in the Antarctic, the only 12. As for the Amazon rainforest, with an annual precipitation of more than 200cm, has a large variety of both, flora and fauna. 13. How Water Influences the biodiversity on earth 14. The availability of water decides not only the number of individuals of each species that are able to survive in a particular area, but it also decides the diversity of life there. 15. For Example: As the amount of water increases, the biodiversity will increase in numbers and variety, as in the Amazon Rainforest 16. For Example: In a desert, due to less water content, we only see a limited variety of plants and animals here. 17. Of course, the availability of water is not the only factor that decides the sustainability of life in a region. 18. Other factors like the temperature and nature of soil also matter but water is one of the major resources which determine life on a land. 19. A healthy person can drink about three gallons (48 cups) of water per day The weight a person loses directly after intense physical activity is weight from water, not fat. 20. It takes about 300 litres of water to make the paper for just one Sunday newspaper. 21. Water occupies a large area of land. Found on the surface and underground. Necessary for all cellular processes. Transportation of substances within the body is done by 22. Land organisms need fresh water as they cannot tolerate high amount of salt in saline water. The availability of water decides the diversity and the number of individuals of each species. 23. Makes up 70% of body weight and plays a vital role in the metabolic reactions. Required for many purposes like drinking, cooking, cleaning, crop irrigation, generation of hydro-electricity & industrial needs. 3.0% of total water resource is fresh water found in lakes, streams and ponds. 97% is found in the ocean bodies. 24. Rivers from land add minerals to sea water. Discuss how? How is the life of the organisms living in the water affected when the water gets polluted? 25. Total earths surface is covered by how much % of water? Why is water such a necessity?