Pendleton History presentation 2011

History Of History Of Pendleton, Pendleton,

SCSC

Time LineTime Line &&

Pictorial Pictorial HistoryHistory

Leadership Leadership Pendleton Pendleton

2011 Class2011 Class

Pendleton On the Frontier 1777 Pendleton On the Frontier 1777 – 1800 – 1800

17771777 Indians who sided with British during Revolution vacated their lands in SC Indians who sided with British during Revolution vacated their lands in SC upstate after major defeat to the patriots.upstate after major defeat to the patriots.

17851785 Signing of Peace Treaty at Treaty Oak with Cherokee, Choctaws and Chickasaw Signing of Peace Treaty at Treaty Oak with Cherokee, Choctaws and Chickasaw officially ceding their lands in South Carolinaofficially ceding their lands in South Carolina

17851785 Gen. Andrew Pickens builds a large log house on 573 acres and establishes Gen. Andrew Pickens builds a large log house on 573 acres and establishes Hopewell Plantation. As a county commissioner, helped establish Pendleton Hopewell Plantation. As a county commissioner, helped establish Pendleton VillageVillage

17881788 South Carolina officially becomes a StateSouth Carolina officially becomes a State

17891789 Pendleton & Greenville Counties established from Indian lands (Pendleton = Pendleton & Greenville Counties established from Indian lands (Pendleton = TriCounty Area) TriCounty Area)

Samuel Loftis, Pendleton County’s first Sheriff, built 2-story building on lands Samuel Loftis, Pendleton County’s first Sheriff, built 2-story building on lands that later became Ashtabula Plantation. Loftis as a commissioner helped that later became Ashtabula Plantation. Loftis as a commissioner helped establish Pendleton village. establish Pendleton village.

John Miller built his house As a commissioner, helped establish Pendleton VillageJohn Miller built his house As a commissioner, helped establish Pendleton Village

Hopewell-Keowee Presbyterian Church founded by Andrew Pickens in Pendleton Hopewell-Keowee Presbyterian Church founded by Andrew Pickens in Pendleton County County

17901790 Village of Pendleton founded at Pendleton county courthouse site and a Village of Pendleton founded at Pendleton county courthouse site and a temporary log courthouse was built N. of the current public square. Land sale temporary log courthouse was built N. of the current public square. Land sale listed in Book A, Pg1.listed in Book A, Pg1.

17911791 Pendleton & Greenville merged to form Washington county with Pickensville as Pendleton & Greenville merged to form Washington county with Pickensville as courthouse town.courthouse town.

1793 1793 First mercantile firm of Wadsworth, Turpin and Steele established in Pendleton First mercantile firm of Wadsworth, Turpin and Steele established in Pendleton by Wm Steele on S. side public square. Steele was Pendleton’s first postmaster, by Wm Steele on S. side public square. Steele was Pendleton’s first postmaster, post office in store.post office in store.

Lowther Hall, oldest house still existing in Pendleton, built by Wm. Hunter. Lowther Hall, oldest house still existing in Pendleton, built by Wm. Hunter.

Pendleton: 1800-1830Pendleton: 1800-1830 The Upcountry Center of Culture, The Upcountry Center of Culture,

Trade and CommerceTrade and Commerce18001800 Pendleton District established when Washington County divided into Pendleton Pendleton District established when Washington County divided into Pendleton and Greenville Districts due to large population growth in area. and Greenville Districts due to large population growth in area. Village of Pendleton became designated as courthouse site with 55 town lots Village of Pendleton became designated as courthouse site with 55 town lots established. Low country planters began purchasing land in area to build large established. Low country planters began purchasing land in area to build large summer plantation homes and permanent residences. summer plantation homes and permanent residences.

18021802 Hopewell Presbyterian Church, now known as Old Stone Church, completed Hopewell Presbyterian Church, now known as Old Stone Church, completed replacing the 1789 wood structure that burned in 1797. replacing the 1789 wood structure that burned in 1797. Samuel Maverick builds “Montpelier” E. of town on 4,400 acres.Samuel Maverick builds “Montpelier” E. of town on 4,400 acres.

18051805 Andrew Pickens vacates Hopewell to move to Tomassee since Pendleton Village Andrew Pickens vacates Hopewell to move to Tomassee since Pendleton Village was become too populated. was become too populated.

18071807 Inauguration of Miller’s Weekly Messenger (John Miller, Publisher), westernmost Inauguration of Miller’s Weekly Messenger (John Miller, Publisher), westernmost newspaper in the nation at the time. Became the Pendleton Messenger after his newspaper in the nation at the time. Became the Pendleton Messenger after his death and later taken over by Fred. Symmes as publisher. death and later taken over by Fred. Symmes as publisher. Samuel Maverick buys mercantile business of Wadsworth, Turpin and Steele, Samuel Maverick buys mercantile business of Wadsworth, Turpin and Steele, buys much land becoming one of the largest landowners in the state. buys much land becoming one of the largest landowners in the state.

~1810~1810 New permanent brick courthouse build on public square.New permanent brick courthouse build on public square.First jail built on public square First jail built on public square Circulating library founded with public money.Circulating library founded with public money.

1812 – 1812 – 18141814

Many wealthy Charlestonians continued to built summer Plantations in Pendleton Many wealthy Charlestonians continued to built summer Plantations in Pendleton area to escape the fear that Charleston would be burned by the British as was area to escape the fear that Charleston would be burned by the British as was Washington in War of 1812. Washington in War of 1812.

Antebellum South Antebellum South Carolina Economy Carolina Economy

Mid 1820’s - End of Low Country’s golden age of rice due Mid 1820’s - End of Low Country’s golden age of rice due to competition of cheap Indian rice in European market, to competition of cheap Indian rice in European market, replaced by sea island cotton (no ginning required) replaced by sea island cotton (no ginning required)

1800 – 1840 -Invention of workable cotton gin made 1800 – 1840 -Invention of workable cotton gin made upland cotton (short-staple) cost effective cash crop in upland cotton (short-staple) cost effective cash crop in the Upstate the Upstate

Beginning in mid 1830’s - Low cotton prices and Beginning in mid 1830’s - Low cotton prices and depletion of soil caused many planters sons to move depletion of soil caused many planters sons to move further west for new landsfurther west for new lands

By 1840, no longer the leading cotton producing stateBy 1840, no longer the leading cotton producing state Anti-business climate prevailed although 18 small textile Anti-business climate prevailed although 18 small textile

factories emerged in Upstate to compete with New factories emerged in Upstate to compete with New England England

By 1850, Charleston no longer part of direct European By 1850, Charleston no longer part of direct European trade route, became satellite of NY, Boston and trade route, became satellite of NY, Boston and Philadelphia portsPhiladelphia ports

Pendleton, SC First Summer Pendleton, SC First Summer ResortResort

1815 - 18301815 - 183018151815 Pendleton Farmer’s Society founded, Thomas Pinckney first President (still in Pendleton Farmer’s Society founded, Thomas Pinckney first President (still in operation) operation)

18191819 St. Paul’s Episcopal Church organized by new residents from the Low country St. Paul’s Episcopal Church organized by new residents from the Low country

1821 1821 New two-story brick jail built off the square on W. Queen St. (now a residence, New two-story brick jail built off the square on W. Queen St. (now a residence, Marshalsea)Marshalsea)

18221822 St. Paul’s Church sanctuary completedSt. Paul’s Church sanctuary completed

18241824 New larger Presbyterian Church built on E. Greenville St. to be closer to town New larger Presbyterian Church built on E. Greenville St. to be closer to town replacing the Old Stone churchreplacing the Old Stone church

18251825 Male Academy established on land where Town Hall and Anderson School Dist 4 Male Academy established on land where Town Hall and Anderson School Dist 4 buildings now locatedbuildings now locatedJohn C. Calhoun & family moves from Abbeville to buy Clergy Hall and John C. Calhoun & family moves from Abbeville to buy Clergy Hall and establishes Ft. Hill Plantation. House will be enlarged over the years.establishes Ft. Hill Plantation. House will be enlarged over the years.Lewis Ladson Gibbes and wife Maria Drayton Gibbes begin building the “big Lewis Ladson Gibbes and wife Maria Drayton Gibbes begin building the “big house” at Ashtabula Plantation.house” at Ashtabula Plantation.

18261826 New Courthouse to be begun on public square but Legislature voted to divide New Courthouse to be begun on public square but Legislature voted to divide Pendleton District into Anderson and Pickens Districts due to population growth. Pendleton District into Anderson and Pickens Districts due to population growth. Pendleton continued to serve at courthouse town until 1828 when the two new Pendleton continued to serve at courthouse town until 1828 when the two new courthouses completed.courthouses completed.

18281828 New jail sold and converted to Female Academy.New jail sold and converted to Female Academy.Courthouse purchased by Farmer’s Society as new meeting hall.Courthouse purchased by Farmer’s Society as new meeting hall.

18291829 John C. Calhoun sworn in as Andrew Jackson’s Vice President, resigned in 1831. John C. Calhoun sworn in as Andrew Jackson’s Vice President, resigned in 1831.

Pendleton ~ 1826

Largest Town in

Pendleton District

Pendleton 1830 – 1848 Pendleton 1830 – 1848 18301830 Charles Cotesworth Pinckney completed the house at Woodburn PlantationCharles Cotesworth Pinckney completed the house at Woodburn Plantation

1830 – 1830 – 18341834

James Butler Bonham practices law in Pendleton prior to going to Texas where James Butler Bonham practices law in Pendleton prior to going to Texas where he second in command at the battle of the Alamo.he second in command at the battle of the Alamo.

18321832 John C. Calhoun elected to US Senate from SC. Advocated Nullification /states John C. Calhoun elected to US Senate from SC. Advocated Nullification /states rightsrightsWm. Knauff, cabinet maker from Charleston, set–up shop, brought by Mrs. Wm. Knauff, cabinet maker from Charleston, set–up shop, brought by Mrs. Calhoun.Calhoun.

1832-18331832-1833 Charles Cotesworth Pinckney became Lt. Gov. under Gov Hayne during Charles Cotesworth Pinckney became Lt. Gov. under Gov Hayne during nullification crisisnullification crisis

Famous Duel between Benj. F. Perry of Famous Duel between Benj. F. Perry of Greenville SentinelGreenville Sentinel (Unionist) & Turner (Unionist) & Turner Bynum (Nullifier) on island in Tugaloo River. Bynum mortally wounded, buried Bynum (Nullifier) on island in Tugaloo River. Bynum mortally wounded, buried at St. Paul’s at St. Paul’s

18341834 Pendleton Methodist Church foundedPendleton Methodist Church founded

18351835 Pendleton Jockey Club charteredPendleton Jockey Club chartered

18381838 Pendleton Manufacturing Co. incorporated as textile mill by Enoch B. Benson, Pendleton Manufacturing Co. incorporated as textile mill by Enoch B. Benson, W.H.D. Gaillard, and the Sloans (John T., Thomas M., Benjamin F.) located S. of W.H.D. Gaillard, and the Sloans (John T., Thomas M., Benjamin F.) located S. of town in what is now LaFrance. One of first in SC.town in what is now LaFrance. One of first in SC.

18391839 John C. Calhoun became president of Pendleton Farmer’s SocietyJohn C. Calhoun became president of Pendleton Farmer’s Society

18401840 Pendleton Methodist Church building completed, burned in 1939.Pendleton Methodist Church building completed, burned in 1939.

18421842 Pendleton Baptist Church founded and church built, building replaced in 1951.Pendleton Baptist Church founded and church built, building replaced in 1951.

By 1850By 1850 As many as 20 plantations surround the town of Pendleton, most now goneAs many as 20 plantations surround the town of Pendleton, most now gone

Pendleton Area Plantations Pendleton Area Plantations Houses andHouses and

Antebellum Houses - No Antebellum Houses - No longer Existing longer Existing

Altamont, Altamont II, Alexander, Altamont, Altamont II, Alexander, Arcadia, Boscobel, Campobello, Arcadia, Boscobel, Campobello,

Chestnut Hill, Cherry Hill, Flat Rock, Chestnut Hill, Cherry Hill, Flat Rock, Cold Spring, Grumblethorpe Hall, Cold Spring, Grumblethorpe Hall, Keowee, Long House, Mount Jolly, Keowee, Long House, Mount Jolly,

Mountain View, Oaklawn, Pepperino, Mountain View, Oaklawn, Pepperino, Portman Shoals, Rivoli, Rossdale, Portman Shoals, Rivoli, Rossdale, Rusticello, San Salvador, Seneca, Rusticello, San Salvador, Seneca,

Shady Side, Silver Glade, Tanglewood, Shady Side, Silver Glade, Tanglewood, Tip Top, The Hive, Vacambrose, Tip Top, The Hive, Vacambrose,

Westville, WheatlandWestville, Wheatland

Plantation Houses and Plantation Houses and Antebellum Houses In Antebellum Houses In

Existence To dayExistence To day Ashtabula, Bee House, Benson House, Ashtabula, Bee House, Benson House,

Boxwood, Carver Randall House, Edans Boxwood, Carver Randall House, Edans House, Elam Sharp House, Fort Hill, House, Elam Sharp House, Fort Hill,

Gaillard House, Gallows Hall, Liberty Hall, Gaillard House, Gallows Hall, Liberty Hall, Mi Casa, James Hunter House, Hopewell, Mi Casa, James Hunter House, Hopewell, Jenkins House, Lowther Hall, Magnolia Jenkins House, Lowther Hall, Magnolia

Hall, Marshalsea, Montpelier, Poe House, Hall, Marshalsea, Montpelier, Poe House, Simpson House, Sitton House, The Simpson House, Sitton House, The

Glenn, The Retreat, Thomas Pickens Glenn, The Retreat, Thomas Pickens House, House,

Vine HillVine Hill

Pendleton 1848 - 1861Pendleton 1848 - 1861

18481848 Mrs. John C. Calhoun leads drive to raise funds to purchase a pipe organ for Mrs. John C. Calhoun leads drive to raise funds to purchase a pipe organ for St. Paul's.St. Paul's.Samuel Maverick’s house “Montpelier” burns and rebuilt on same site.Samuel Maverick’s house “Montpelier” burns and rebuilt on same site.

18501850 Second oldest commercial building still standing on public square build by Second oldest commercial building still standing on public square build by Jesse Lewis as a store (now known as Hunter’s Store)Jesse Lewis as a store (now known as Hunter’s Store)John C. Calhoun dies in Washington, returned to SC and buried with great John C. Calhoun dies in Washington, returned to SC and buried with great ceremony in St. Phillips’s churchyard in Charleston ceremony in St. Phillips’s churchyard in Charleston

1852-51852-5 Rev. John Adger, Presbyterian minister from wealthy Charleston family, buys Rev. John Adger, Presbyterian minister from wealthy Charleston family, buys and expands Woodburn Plantation.and expands Woodburn Plantation.James T. Latta buys and expends Ashtabula Plantation.James T. Latta buys and expends Ashtabula Plantation.

18541854 Originally the dream of John c. Calhoun in the 1830’s, construction finally Originally the dream of John c. Calhoun in the 1830’s, construction finally begins on the Blue Ridge Railroad to run between Anderson and Knoxville and begins on the Blue Ridge Railroad to run between Anderson and Knoxville and ultimately to Cincinnati to connect Charleston and the Upstate with emerging ultimately to Cincinnati to connect Charleston and the Upstate with emerging markets in the north. markets in the north.

18581858 Blue Ridge Railroad finished through Pendleton connecting Pendleton with Blue Ridge Railroad finished through Pendleton connecting Pendleton with Anderson via rail.Anderson via rail.

18591859 Construction on Blue Ridge Railroad halted N. of Walhalla (Stumphouse Construction on Blue Ridge Railroad halted N. of Walhalla (Stumphouse Tunnel) by the high cost on construction (fraud, the high price of imported Tunnel) by the high cost on construction (fraud, the high price of imported iron, lack of local engineering expertise) and the subsequent withdrawal of iron, lack of local engineering expertise) and the subsequent withdrawal of funding by the State. funding by the State.

18601860 New Guard house (jail) and market house built on public square.New Guard house (jail) and market house built on public square.

Pendleton - Civil War YearsPendleton - Civil War Years

18601860 South Carolina succeeded from the Union, the first South Carolina succeeded from the Union, the first state to do so, setting the stage for the beginning of state to do so, setting the stage for the beginning of the Civil War.the Civil War.

18611861 Many Charlestonians & residents of Columbia took Many Charlestonians & residents of Columbia took refuge in Pendleton during war years since no conflict refuge in Pendleton during war years since no conflict in the area. in the area. Blue Ridge House (hotel) in downtown Pendleton Blue Ridge House (hotel) in downtown Pendleton advertised in Charleston newspaper as alternative to advertised in Charleston newspaper as alternative to popular Northern summer resorts and very accessible popular Northern summer resorts and very accessible via Blue Ridge railroad via Blue Ridge railroad The Adger family from Charleston acquired four The Adger family from Charleston acquired four plantations in Pendleton, Woodburn, Ashtabula, plantations in Pendleton, Woodburn, Ashtabula, Boscobel and Rivoli as their war refuge. Boscobel and Rivoli as their war refuge.

1861-1861-6565

The bell at St. Paul’s would toll out the bad news when The bell at St. Paul’s would toll out the bad news when the train brought word of a local death. The bell was the train brought word of a local death. The bell was later donated to be melted down to make ammunition. later donated to be melted down to make ammunition.

MayMay

18651865

Sherman’s troops commanded by Gen. Geo. Sherman’s troops commanded by Gen. Geo. Stoneman came through Pendleton in search of Stoneman came through Pendleton in search of Jefferson Davis and the Confederate treasury. Jefferson Davis and the Confederate treasury. (“Stoneman’s Raid”)(“Stoneman’s Raid”)Most of people who took refuge in Pendleton left after Most of people who took refuge in Pendleton left after the war, many never to return.the war, many never to return.

PendletonVillage

1857

Pendleton – Reconstruction Pendleton – Reconstruction YearsYears

1865 – 1865 – 18711871

Climate of terrorism existed across state and particularly in Upstate as Climate of terrorism existed across state and particularly in Upstate as white Democrats rebelled against government by Republicans and freed white Democrats rebelled against government by Republicans and freed former slaves. former slaves.

18681868 Thomas Green Clemson, in his capacity with the Farmer’s Society, begins Thomas Green Clemson, in his capacity with the Farmer’s Society, begins advocating the establishment of an agricultural college to teach improved advocating the establishment of an agricultural college to teach improved farming methods. farming methods.

18701870 A.M.E. Church established with church on Vance St. behind Hunter’s Store, A.M.E. Church established with church on Vance St. behind Hunter’s Store, replaced in 1957 by present A.M.E. King’s Chapel.replaced in 1957 by present A.M.E. King’s Chapel.James Hunter purchases Lewis’s store on town square which operates until James Hunter purchases Lewis’s store on town square which operates until new store built next door in 1929.new store built next door in 1929.

18731873 Jesse Cornelius Stribling (Rossdale and later Sleepy Hollow farm) had first Jesse Cornelius Stribling (Rossdale and later Sleepy Hollow farm) had first registered herd of Jersey cattle in SC and one of first in SE. – The beginning registered herd of Jersey cattle in SC and one of first in SE. – The beginning of SC dairy industry.of SC dairy industry.

Cattle continues to be Anderson County’s primary agricultural product. Cattle continues to be Anderson County’s primary agricultural product.

18741874 Silver Springs Baptist Church established at foot of Hunter’s Hill on old road Silver Springs Baptist Church established at foot of Hunter’s Hill on old road to Clemson. New church built in 1926 on new road to Clemson.to Clemson. New church built in 1926 on new road to Clemson.

18761876 ““Red Shirt” brigades from towns all over state supported Wade Hampton III Red Shirt” brigades from towns all over state supported Wade Hampton III election to Governor under the slogan “Force without Violence” that helped election to Governor under the slogan “Force without Violence” that helped end reconstruction. end reconstruction.

18771877 One of last two states to be released from military rule under reconstructionOne of last two states to be released from military rule under reconstruction

Pendleton at the End of 19Pendleton at the End of 19thth CenturyCentury

18801880 Hunter’s store wooden warehouse built behind Hunter’s Store (still standing)Hunter’s store wooden warehouse built behind Hunter’s Store (still standing)

18821882 Jane Edna Harris Hunter, African-American activist and reformer, born on Jane Edna Harris Hunter, African-American activist and reformer, born on Woodburn Farm and later founded the Phyllis Wheatley Assoc. after moving Woodburn Farm and later founded the Phyllis Wheatley Assoc. after moving to Cleveland, OH. Recognized by Ohio as one of its top 20 “Heroes”.to Cleveland, OH. Recognized by Ohio as one of its top 20 “Heroes”.

18891889 Clemson Agricultural College founded under the terms of Thomas Green Clemson Agricultural College founded under the terms of Thomas Green Clemson’s will and welcomed first class in 1893 including Gov. Tillman’s son.Clemson’s will and welcomed first class in 1893 including Gov. Tillman’s son.A. T. Smythe, member of Adger family & owner of Woodburn, was one of A. T. Smythe, member of Adger family & owner of Woodburn, was one of Clemson’s first Trustees and watched the building of the campus from Clemson’s first Trustees and watched the building of the campus from Woodburn’s “widow’s walk”. Woodburn’s “widow’s walk”. Atlanta – Charlotte Air Line Railroad (now Norfolk Southern) built the main Atlanta – Charlotte Air Line Railroad (now Norfolk Southern) built the main line to the NE through Seneca, and Central completely bypassing Pendleton line to the NE through Seneca, and Central completely bypassing Pendleton thereby creating an economic development disaster for the town located only thereby creating an economic development disaster for the town located only on a branch line connecting through Anderson.on a branch line connecting through Anderson.

18931893 Present Presbyterian Church built on S. Broad St. Rev. John Adger delivered Present Presbyterian Church built on S. Broad St. Rev. John Adger delivered the last sermon at the old church and first at the new church. the last sermon at the old church and first at the new church.

18931893 Blue Ridge Plant of the Pendleton Manufacturing Co. (textile co.) built on Blue Blue Ridge Plant of the Pendleton Manufacturing Co. (textile co.) built on Blue Ridge StRidge St

18961896 Clemson College fielded its first football team.Clemson College fielded its first football team.

Pendleton Area - 1897Pendleton Area - 1897

Pendleton in Early Pendleton in Early Twentieth CenturyTwentieth Century19071907 April Fools day student “strike” by a large number of Clemson cadets in “drag” April Fools day student “strike” by a large number of Clemson cadets in “drag”

included a march to Pendleton resulted in the formation of the “Pendleton included a march to Pendleton resulted in the formation of the “Pendleton Guards” and an annual student event in Pendleton. Town of Clemson yet to Guards” and an annual student event in Pendleton. Town of Clemson yet to emerge.emerge.

19111911 One story addition to the Guard House, building later housed the Pendleton One story addition to the Guard House, building later housed the Pendleton Library.Library.

1920’s 1920’s The high cotton prices, diverting land from food production and leading to a high The high cotton prices, diverting land from food production and leading to a high cost of living, setting the stage for the devastating effects of the boll-weevil & cost of living, setting the stage for the devastating effects of the boll-weevil & great depression. great depression.

19291929 SC28 Hwy through Pendleton widened, paved (formerly dirt), and rerouted in SC28 Hwy through Pendleton widened, paved (formerly dirt), and rerouted in places impacting town square and frontage of historic structures in town. places impacting town square and frontage of historic structures in town.

1930’s1930’s Many of the large antebellum houses could not be maintained and became Many of the large antebellum houses could not be maintained and became “apartment houses” for tenant farmers owned by absentee landlords and often “apartment houses” for tenant farmers owned by absentee landlords and often housing 2-3 families. housing 2-3 families. Tenant farmers flocked to the textile mills as boll-weevil devastated cotton cropsTenant farmers flocked to the textile mills as boll-weevil devastated cotton crops

19351935 Federal Government through Resettlement Act purchased 29,625 acres (about Federal Government through Resettlement Act purchased 29,625 acres (about 150 farms) of worn-out, eroded farm land and leased it to Clemson College for 150 farms) of worn-out, eroded farm land and leased it to Clemson College for their use and remediation. (Woodburn was included in this buy-out). Lands their use and remediation. (Woodburn was included in this buy-out). Lands deeded to Clemson in 1954.deeded to Clemson in 1954.

1947 - 1947 - 19501950

Pendleton town fathers persuaded Milliken to build their new finishing plant and Pendleton town fathers persuaded Milliken to build their new finishing plant and later the Garish Milliken plant just outside Pendleton bringing jobs to Pendleton.later the Garish Milliken plant just outside Pendleton bringing jobs to Pendleton.

1950’s1950’s US76 Hwy improvement project bypassed downtown Pendleton, passing through US76 Hwy improvement project bypassed downtown Pendleton, passing through Woodburn Farm instead, thus preserving its historic town square and character.Woodburn Farm instead, thus preserving its historic town square and character.

~ 1958-~ 1958-19611961

US Corp of Engineer’s Lake Hartwell project to dam the Savannah River and flood US Corp of Engineer’s Lake Hartwell project to dam the Savannah River and flood a proposed 9,000 acres of farm land, mostly belonging to Clemson College, did a proposed 9,000 acres of farm land, mostly belonging to Clemson College, did result in the flooding of the ruins of many of antebellum plantation houses along result in the flooding of the ruins of many of antebellum plantation houses along the Seneca River. the Seneca River.

Town of Pendleton

~ 1950

Beginning of Economic Beginning of Economic Development and Tourism in Development and Tourism in

1960’s1960’sFoundation for Historic Restoration in the Pendleton Area Foundation for Historic Restoration in the Pendleton Area (name later changed to the Pendleton Historic Foundation) (name later changed to the Pendleton Historic Foundation) founded by members of Clemson College Architecture Dept. founded by members of Clemson College Architecture Dept. and Pendleton Farmer’s Society to preserve Woodburn (owned and Pendleton Farmer’s Society to preserve Woodburn (owned by Clemson University) and other historic structures which by Clemson University) and other historic structures which were in danger of being lost.were in danger of being lost.

Ashtabula given to the Foundation for Historic Restoration by Ashtabula given to the Foundation for Historic Restoration by Mead Paper Company to preserve it and to serve as a house Mead Paper Company to preserve it and to serve as a house museum for the interpretation of local culture.museum for the interpretation of local culture.

Tri County Technical College founded with 300 students first Tri County Technical College founded with 300 students first year(1962) to help with economic development of Tri County year(1962) to help with economic development of Tri County area. Located in Pendleton along US 76 on former Woodburn area. Located in Pendleton along US 76 on former Woodburn Farm property. Farm property.

Expansion of Tourism Expansion of Tourism Clemson University deeds Woodburn to the Foundation for Clemson University deeds Woodburn to the Foundation for Historic Restoration for Restoration in the Pendleton Area.Historic Restoration for Restoration in the Pendleton Area.

The Foundation for Historic Restoration begins a program to The Foundation for Historic Restoration begins a program to erect Historic Markers in the area beginning with (1) John Ewing erect Historic Markers in the area beginning with (1) John Ewing Colhoun/Keowee on road from Clemson to Daniel HS Colhoun/Keowee on road from Clemson to Daniel HS (2)Hopewell/Hopewell Indian Treaties on Old Cherry Rd.(2)Hopewell/Hopewell Indian Treaties on Old Cherry Rd.

Pendleton District Historical & Recreation Commission Pendleton District Historical & Recreation Commission established by the SC Legislature to preserve the area’s established by the SC Legislature to preserve the area’s history and to promote tourism in the Tri-County area.history and to promote tourism in the Tri-County area.

Foundation for Historic Restoration in conjunction with the Foundation for Historic Restoration in conjunction with the Anderson, Greenville, Oconee, and Pickens Historical Societies Anderson, Greenville, Oconee, and Pickens Historical Societies hosts the Second SC Landmark Conference.hosts the Second SC Landmark Conference.

The National Trust for Historic Preservation sponsors a tour of The National Trust for Historic Preservation sponsors a tour of the Upstate and Pendleton as part of their annual meeting in the Upstate and Pendleton as part of their annual meeting in CharlestonCharleston..

Pendleton Historic District Pendleton Historic District Established Established 19721972

Pendleton Historic District, the largest in the Pendleton Historic District, the largest in the US at the time, was listed on the National US at the time, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.Register of Historic Places in 1972.

Bounded on west by Hopewell and Treaty Bounded on west by Hopewell and Treaty Oak, on east by Montpelier, north by Old Oak, on east by Montpelier, north by Old Stone Church, south by town limits.Stone Church, south by town limits.

Ashtabula and Woodburn were individually Ashtabula and Woodburn were individually listed and opened as house museumslisted and opened as house museums. .

Map of Pendleton Historic Map of Pendleton Historic DistrictDistrict

6,300 acres extending from Old Stone 6,300 acres extending from Old Stone church to Montpelier (c.1969) church to Montpelier (c.1969)

Description from National Description from National Register Nomination FormRegister Nomination Form

““The Pendleton Historic District derives its The Pendleton Historic District derives its primary significance from the primary significance from the

antebellum structures which reflect antebellum structures which reflect Pendleton’s early history. Also included Pendleton’s early history. Also included in the district are some later 19in the district are some later 19thth century century

structures which demonstrate structures which demonstrate Pendleton’s more recent growth and are, Pendleton’s more recent growth and are,

in appearance and feeling, compatible in appearance and feeling, compatible with the earlier periods.”with the earlier periods.”

Revitalization of DowntownRevitalization of Downtown Over the years, there have been Over the years, there have been

many proposals to revitalize many proposals to revitalize downtown Pendleton and take downtown Pendleton and take advantage of its historic characteradvantage of its historic character

Some have been accomplished, Some have been accomplished, many not due to cost involvedmany not due to cost involved

Preservation ordinances recently Preservation ordinances recently established for downtown established for downtown commercial area that will assist in commercial area that will assist in seeking revitalization grantsseeking revitalization grants

Later Economic Later Economic DevelopmentDevelopment

Economic development in the area brought Economic development in the area brought in Westinghouse & Michelin plant (Sandy in Westinghouse & Michelin plant (Sandy Springs) and various Clemson Univ. facilities.Springs) and various Clemson Univ. facilities.

The historic “quaint” character of Pendleton The historic “quaint” character of Pendleton continues to attract tourists and new continues to attract tourists and new residents. residents.

Ashtabula and Woodburn Historic House Ashtabula and Woodburn Historic House museums attract ~ 10,000 visitors for tours, museums attract ~ 10,000 visitors for tours, weddings, and special events.weddings, and special events.

Pendleton Spring Jubilee attracts ~30,000 Pendleton Spring Jubilee attracts ~30,000 visitors for a 2-day eventvisitors for a 2-day event

PendletoPendleton 2010n 2010

What does the Future What does the Future Hold?Hold?

Preservation of the historic district’s Preservation of the historic district’s historic structures and environment historic structures and environment must play a key role.must play a key role.

Use of these historic structures and Use of these historic structures and environment to develop a route to environment to develop a route to sustainable economic growthsustainable economic growth

Pendleton Historic Pendleton Historic FoundationFoundation

PHF plans to increase visitation at our PHF plans to increase visitation at our historic houses from 10,000/yr to historic houses from 10,000/yr to 20,000-25,000/yr within 10 years. 20,000-25,000/yr within 10 years.

By expanding our educational focus and By expanding our educational focus and offering monthly special programs and offering monthly special programs and

tours tours By refocusing the use of Woodburn for By refocusing the use of Woodburn for use as a venue for weddings and similar use as a venue for weddings and similar guests sponsored events that include guests sponsored events that include

house tourshouse tours

Weddings at Woodburn

PHF Historic Pendleton PHF Historic Pendleton Program Program

Encourage reinstating the famous Pendleton Encourage reinstating the famous Pendleton Historic House Tours that held annually or Historic House Tours that held annually or semi-annually since the 1950’s that were semi-annually since the 1950’s that were discontinued over 10 years ago.discontinued over 10 years ago.

Encouraging the Town to apply for Encouraging the Town to apply for Preserve Preserve America America and and Certified Local Government Certified Local Government statusstatus to raise awareness and to make eligible to raise awareness and to make eligible for improvement grants.for improvement grants.

Promote the historic downtown for unique Promote the historic downtown for unique tourist oriented businesses.tourist oriented businesses.

Pendleton’s Historic Pendleton’s Historic MarkersMarkers

Erected in the 1960-70’s by Erected in the 1960-70’s by Anderson county, Pendleton Historic Anderson county, Pendleton Historic Foundation, Pendleton District Foundation, Pendleton District Commission and other groups.Commission and other groups.

There are many historic sites in area There are many historic sites in area yet to have a markeryet to have a marker

Pendleton’s Historic MarkersPendleton’s Historic Markers

On E. Queen/ Town Square


On Mechanic Street side of Town Square


On E. Queen St. at N Broad St.


St. Paul’s Church Yard


Old Cherry Rd - Clemson


St. Paul’s Churchyard


Vance Street


Old Greenville Hwy


US76 across from Tri County Tech

Pictorial History of Pictorial History of PendletonPendleton

Downtown Historic Commercial AreasDowntown Historic Commercial Areas Historic HousesHistoric Houses ChurchesChurches Historic EventsHistoric Events

Hunter’s Store Hunter’s Store c. 1850c. 1850

E. Queen St.

Hunter’s Store Hunter’s Store TodayToday

Hunter’s Store Hunter’s Store early 1900’searly 1900’s

Hunter’s Store Warehouse, Hunter’s Store Warehouse, cc. 1880. 1880

Farmer’s Hall Farmer’s Hall (before 1928)(before 1928)

Pendleton Village GreenPendleton Village Green, , ~~1880-1880-19001900

Guardhouse before front addition & Guardhouse before front addition & Well house leftWell house left

Guardhouse TodayGuardhouse Today

E. Main St. E. Main St. (early 1900’s ?)(early 1900’s ?)

E Main, E Main, about 1935about 1935

E. Main St. 1960’s, E. Main St. 1960’s, Center PortionCenter Portion c. 1793c. 1793

Exchange St. Exchange St. (1900-1920)(1900-1920)

Exchange Street TodayExchange Street Today

Looking South on Mechanic St. Looking South on Mechanic St. Horse-trading Convention, 1910Horse-trading Convention, 1910

44thth of July Parade of July Parade (1905)(1905)

““Red Shirt” Reunion on Red Shirt” Reunion on Square Square (1896 or 1906’s?)(1896 or 1906’s?)

Smith Oil Co Smith Oil Co c. 1935c. 1935

Keese BarnKeese Barn (antique barn & social hall)(antique barn & social hall)

W. Queen St. (now gone)

Keeses’s Barn MemorialKeeses’s Barn Memorial

West Queen St.

Old Stone Church Old Stone Church c. 1802c. 1802Burial place of General Andrew Pickens andBurial place of General Andrew Pickens and

Robert Anderson Robert Anderson

Pendleton Presbyterian Pendleton Presbyterian ChurchChurch

Old Greenville Hwy, c. 1824

Corner Mechanic& Broad Sts., c. 1893

St. Paul’s Episcopal St. Paul’s Episcopal c. 1822c. 1822

Pendleton Methodist ChurchPendleton Methodist Church

c. 1834, burned c. 1939

Rebuilt using original front stained class window, later enlarged

Pendleton Baptist Church Pendleton Baptist Church c. c. 18431843

King’s Chapel AME Church King’s Chapel AME Church Congregation est. 1867Congregation est. 1867

Aerial View of Blue Ridge Aerial View of Blue Ridge MillMill (1902)(1902)

Aerial View Baptist Church &Aerial View Baptist Church & Blue Blue Ridge MillRidge Mill

(1902 from water tower at MiCasa)(1902 from water tower at MiCasa)

Mi Casa Mi Casa c. 1830c. 1830 (1902 with water town in background)(1902 with water town in background)

Mi Casa today complete with Mi Casa today complete with water towerwater tower

Faith Cabin LibraryFaith Cabin Library

James Hunter House James Hunter House c. 1860c. 1860before restorationbefore restoration

James Hunter House TodayJames Hunter House Today

Built as Built as blacksmitblacksmith shop, c. h shop, c.

18401840

Civil War Civil War HeadquarterHeadquarter

s of Jones s of Jones RiflesRifles

Located next to Located next to James Hunter James Hunter

HouseHouse

Lowther Hall Lowther Hall c. 1793c. 1793

Lowther Hall TodayLowther Hall Today

Sitton House c. 1854Sitton House c. 1854

Woodburn Woodburn before 1970’s restorationbefore 1970’s restoration

Woodburn Woodburn c. 1830c. 1830

US76, across from TriCounty Tech

Moorhead Cabin 1810 and

Adger carriage house

(reproduction)

Smythe Family at WoodburnSmythe Family at WoodburnThe simple things made us happy back The simple things made us happy back

then…then…

Silk HouseSilk House(currently undergoing restoration)(currently undergoing restoration)

Tanglewood Tanglewood (burned 1970’s)(burned 1970’s)

Ruins of Tanglewood Ruins of Tanglewood today today

Burned in 1970’s

Liberty Hall, Liberty Hall, c. 1849c. 1849Built by Thomas J. SloanBuilt by Thomas J. Sloan

as seen in 1969 before restoratioas seen in 1969 before restorationn

Liberty Hall Liberty Hall Also known as Harris HallAlso known as Harris Hall

Jenkins House Jenkins House c.1830c.1830Build by Dr. William Seabrook Build by Dr. William Seabrook

JenkinsJenkins(Cherry St. at Depot St.)(Cherry St. at Depot St.)

The Glen The Glen c. 1830’sc. 1830’s

Benson House c. Benson House c. mid 1800’smid 1800’smoved from E. Queen st in 1970’s for moved from E. Queen st in 1970’s for

restorationrestoration

Benson House Benson House c. (only left portion c. (only left portion original)original)

RRestoration never accomplishedestoration never accomplished

Elam Sparp House, c 1802Built by William Steel,1st postmaster of Pendleton

Boxwood, c. 1800 Built by Dr. Fredrick Symmes, editor of“Pendleton Messenger”

Marshalsea, Marshalsea, c. 1821, c. 1821,

built as Jailbuilt as Jail ..

Poe House, c. 1860

Ashtabula Ashtabula c. 1825c. 1825

Old Greenville Hwy

Original House c. 1789

Hopewell Hopewell c. 1785 (Built by General Andres c. 1785 (Built by General Andres Pickens )Pickens )

Off Old Cherry Rd. - Clemson

Altamont, c. Altamont, c. 18301830Built by Thomas Pinckney Built by Thomas Pinckney (now gone)(now gone)

Montpelier Montpelier c. 1849 - Built by Samuel c. 1849 - Built by Samuel

Maverick Maverick

Old Greenville Hwy, across from Refuge Baptist Church

The Retreat The Retreat c. 1840’sc. 1840’s

Located on Danehower Rd.

Hopewell Treaty MarkerHopewell Treaty Marker

Old Cherry Rd., before crossing Lake

Non-profit, volunteer-run organization founded in 1960Non-profit, volunteer-run organization founded in 1960 Mission: An educational organization dedicated to the restoration Mission: An educational organization dedicated to the restoration

and preservation of historic properties in the Pendleton area and and preservation of historic properties in the Pendleton area and the interpretation of the diverse history and cultural heritage of the the interpretation of the diverse history and cultural heritage of the area.area.

Programs: Programs: Preservation of Ashtabula and Woodburn Historic HousesPreservation of Ashtabula and Woodburn Historic Houses Development and interpretation of these sites as major Upstate Development and interpretation of these sites as major Upstate

heritage tourism sites including living history demonstrationsheritage tourism sites including living history demonstrations Educational programs on our region’s contribution to the state’s Educational programs on our region’s contribution to the state’s

and nation’s cultural heritage for both young and mature mindsand nation’s cultural heritage for both young and mature minds Historic Pendleton & Historic Homeowners Assoc., a community Historic Pendleton & Historic Homeowners Assoc., a community

outreach preservation program to provide education and outreach preservation program to provide education and assistance to owners of historic structures in the areaassistance to owners of historic structures in the area

Pendleton Historic FoundationPendleton Historic Foundation

Ashtabula & Woodburn Historic Ashtabula & Woodburn Historic HousesHouses2011 Events:2011 Events:

Open April – October – Schedule on website Open April – October – Schedule on website Monthly – special educational tours & eventsMonthly – special educational tours & events May - Preservation Month – special May - Preservation Month – special

demonstrationsdemonstrations October – Historic House Tour at Fall FestivalOctober – Historic House Tour at Fall Festival October - Annual Benefit Gala “Evening under October - Annual Benefit Gala “Evening under

the Stars” – Woodburnthe Stars” – Woodburn December (first 2 weekends), Fri-Sat-Sun, before December (first 2 weekends), Fri-Sat-Sun, before

Christmas) “Christmas at Ashtabula” 2-yr winner Christmas) “Christmas at Ashtabula” 2-yr winner of Award of Merit by Confederation of SC Local of Award of Merit by Confederation of SC Local Historical Societies. Historical Societies.

Pendleton Historic FoundationPendleton Historic FoundationOpportunities to HelpOpportunities to Help

Volunteer Volunteer To act as tour guides so that we can open house To act as tour guides so that we can open house

museums to the public more often & for special museums to the public more often & for special tourstours

Help organize Historic Home Tour at the Fall Help organize Historic Home Tour at the Fall Festival to benefit restoration of St. Paul’s ChurchFestival to benefit restoration of St. Paul’s Church

Contribute Contribute Become a member – dues and admissions provide Become a member – dues and admissions provide

funds to maintain house museumsfunds to maintain house museums Rent the grounds for your special events . . . Rent the grounds for your special events . . .

weddings, receptions, receptions, graduation weddings, receptions, receptions, graduation dinners, etc. (members receive 10% discount) dinners, etc. (members receive 10% discount)

Entertainment & Humor

Pendleton History presentation 2011