WIRELESS NOTICE BOARD USING ZIGBEE

Presented by

P. Avinash Reddy(N090992) K. Venkateswarlu (N091026)R. Bhargav (N091048)B. Narasimha Rao (N090135)

Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies(RGUKT)RGUKT-Nuzvid

Introduction Hardware Tools

Power Supply Connection Micro Controller Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Max 232 RS 232 ZigBee Protocol

Software Tools Keil C51 Compiler Software XCTU Software

Hardware Description Applications Further Improvements Conclusion References

CONTENTS:

INTRODUCTION:

To perform high level communication using wireless communication protocols.

Over come the draw backs of Bluetooth, Wi-Fi.

To get rid of delay and difficulty in paper based notices.

It’s highly preferable in more populated regions and Industries.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Power Supply Connection :

Transformer Rectifier Switch Light Emitting Diode Capacitor(Smoothing) Voltage Regulator

Power Supply (Contd.)

Step down Transformer : Used for Reducing The Voltage (230 V AC To 12 V AC) Works Based On The Principle Of “Electro Magnetic Induction “ Power Remains Same (Input Power = Output Power )

Power Supply(Contd.)Rectifier :

Bridge wave Rectifier Used For Converting AC to DC(12V AC to 12V DC) Used For “Reverse Polarity Protection “

Power Supply(Contd.)

Capacitor : Used For Smoothening Output Removes the Pulsating Magnitude It Blocks DC and Allows AC Voltage.

Power Supply(Contd.)

Voltage Regulator: Used For maintaining Constant Voltage Level at the output 78XX (Naming Convention)

7805 is for +5V , 7905 is for -5V 7812 is for +12V ,7912 is for -12V

Total Power Supply Circuit :

MICRO CONTROLLER

What is microprocessor? Si chip having CPU. What is the difference between microprocessor and

microcontroller? In additional to the processor It consists of Memory

and Programmable i/o Peripherals. MC’s are designed for embedded applications.

8052 Micro Controller(AT89S52)

8052 is a low power, high performance CMOS 8-bit MC with 8k bytes of in-system programmable flash memory.

FEATURES: 8K bytes flash memory,256 bytes RAM 32 I/O lines,8 Interrupt Sources 2 DPTR’S Full Duplex Serial Port. 3 16-bit timer/counters

Pin Configuration(AT89S52) :

Pin Configuration(Contd.) Port0:

bidirectional, both address and data. Port1:

bidirectional, data stored in 5 6 7 pins of port1. Port2:

bidirectional, data is sent to p1 continuously, used along with p0 to provide the 16 bit address for external program memory.

Port3:it is having some special functions like serial communication, external interrupts, timers, write, read strobes.

RST ALE PSEN EA/VPP

Liquid Crystal Display :1. Thin flat display2. Dimension-X*Y3. Smart LCD’S4. 2 Micro Processors5. Cheaper and Reliable

Front view Rear view

LCD PIN DIAGRAM :

Interfacing of LCD and Micro Controller:

MAX 232:

invented by Maxim Integrated products Converts TTL levels to RS232 levels or vice versa. It acts as dual driver or receiver Applications: Serial Communication i.e. lcd and keyboard

RS 232 :

Used for Serial Communication Connecting between DTE &

DCE Sent as time series of bits. Full Duplex USB to RS232 Converters are

used

ZigBee Protocol:

Higher level Communication Protocol with IEEE 802.15.4-2006 Standards for Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN).

Operates in : 868 MHz in Europe, 915 MHz in USA & Australia, and 2.4 GHz Elsewhere.

Why ZigBee ?

Low Power Consumption Communicates as Mesh Network Transmission Range Low Cost High Reliability & Automation High Security Self Healing Can handle a Large number of devices

ALL THESE ADVANTAGES MAKE ZIGBEE SUPERIOR TO OTHERS IN MY PROJECT

ZIGBEE FEATURES(Contd.)

LOW POWER CONSUMPTION: Consumes < 50 Mill watts when Active and <1 Micro watt when in Sleep

mode

Attained: Low duty Cycle(0.1%) & Sleep mode which consumes very less power

MESH NETWORK: Forms a Mesh Network between nodes, meshing a chain from one device

to another.

TRANSMISSION RANGE:

Transmission Range is 10-100 meters.

And this could be extended using Mesh Network

LOW COST:

System simplicity and flexibility make ZigBee cost-effective

Low battery storage, absence of memory helps

HIGH RELIABILIY AND AUTOMATION:

Since more nodes, ZigBee’s are easy to deploy, operate reliably without Human Intervention.

Failure in single node will not affect the entire network.

HIGH SECURITY:

Uses 128 bit AES encryption algorithms for highly secure network.

Very Difficulty to Hack as it’s used for Control and Sensitive Applications

ZIGBEE FEATURES(Contd.)

ZIGBEE FEATURES(Contd.)

SELF HEALING:

As it is mesh topology, a failure in one node , automatically reroutes the path through other nodes in the network.

SIZE OF ZIGBEE NETWORK: Could connect 264 Devices 64 bit IEEE address,

DISADVANTAGE: Low Data rate(Compared to Other Wireless Protocols) 250 kbps @2.4 GHz, 40 kbps @ 915 MHz, and 20 kbps @868 MHz .

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DIFFERENT WIRELESS PROTOCOLS

DEVICE TYPES:

There are four different types of ZigBee devices:

ZigBee coordinator (ZC): Forms the root of the network .There is exactly one ZigBee coordinator in each .Can store information about the network, including acting as the Trust Centre & repository for security keys.

ZigBee Router (ZR): As well as running an application function a router can act as an intermediate router, passing data from other devices.

ZigBee End Device (ZED): Contains just enough functionality to talk to the parent node only. This relationship allows the node to be asleep a significant amount of the time thereby giving long battery life.

DEVICE TYPES(Contd.) ZigBee's Device Object (ZDO): A special device in a ZigBee

network responsible for a number of tasks, which include keeping of device roles, management of requests to join a network, device discovery and security.

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

SOFTWARE PROFILE:KEIL C 51 SOFTWARE:

Keil C51 Software is used to compile the Embedded C program and also debugs the program with size less than 2Kb.It is used to debug the written program and convert it into compatible form with the micro controller i.e. it is used to convert into HEX files for dumping into the Micro Controller.

XCTU:

The Xbee radios are programmed using X-CTU software in API mode with the desired baud rate. This is used to communicate with transmitter to transmit the info.

Applications : Home Entertainment & Control

Widely has Space applications since low power

Used in Chain Restaurants for Order Information

Used in Colleges, Bus stands, Railway stations, Airports etc

Can be placed in Malls for Advertisement purpose

Used for Patient Monitoring equipment

Commercial building for Energy monitoring, lighting and access control

Industrial Plant for Access control

Final Practical Output:

FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS:

Could install Multi Point Receivers as Mesh Network so the all the displays could be controlled using one coordinator

One more is the use of LED Display Boards instead of and LCD display, which would be the further improvement in the display and also delimit the number of characters displayed on the screen.

Multi lingual display can be one of the added variations of the project. The display boards are one of the single most important media for information transfer to the maximum number of end users

Only used by authenticated users.

CONCLUSION:

The project ―Wireless Notice Board using ZigBee has been successfully completed and tested with integration of the features of every hardware component for its development. We believe that our step is towards complete automation for notice board application which can be used in colleges, Finally we can conclude that this project application gives a very good feature and there is huge scope for further research and development for using the same with the help of advanced technology.

REFERENCES: ZigBee for wireless networking

Johan Lonn Jonas Olsson The 8051 Micro controller and Embedded Systems

Muhammad Ali Mazidi Janice Gillispie Mazidi www.zilog.com –For Data Sheets of various Components www.wikepedia.com www.keil.com/forum/docs/ Texas Instruments data sheets