Water Distribution SystemFinal Report

Submitted By:: Muhammad Zohair B-15086 SEC# A 6th Semester 19/5/2014

Department Of Civil Engineering University of South Asia Lahore (Rawind Campus)

Letter of TransmittalDate: 19 May ,2014

Prof.Dr. Javed Anwar Aziz

Department Of Civil Engineering

University of South Asia, Lahore Subject:- Water Distribution System Report Of Future Vision Housing Society

Respected Sir, I am presenting you the final report of water distribution system of “Future vision Housing Society” that is located on left side of Jehulm road near upper Chenab. This report contains complete informations of the design. This design is prepared by using Loop Software and AZIZ, J.A (2014) class notes.

I am fully confident that the design of water distribution system will full fill all the requirements of the housing society.

Yours Sincerely,

Muhammad Zohair

B-15086 (Sec# A)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction2. Design Criteria

2.1. Design Period2.2. Design Population2.3. Water Consumption2.4. Max day Consumption2.5. Peak Hour Consumption2.6. Water Requirement For

o Schoolo Dispensaryo Commercial Areao Open Spaces

2.7. Capacity of OHR

2.8. Design Pressure

2.9. Capacity of the Pump

2.10. Max and Min Velocity

2.11. Size of Pipes and Types Of Pipes

2.12. Placing Of Pipes

3. Water Distribution System Design

3.1. Loop Method

3.2. Procedure for Design

3.3. Tracing

Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Brief Description Of Housing Scheme:The name of the scheme is “Future Vision Housing Society”. The scheme consist of 282 plots of different sizes e.g. 5 Marla’s, 10 Marla’s and 1 Kanal. This scheme also has 3 flats of double story, 3 apartments, 2 parks, open spaces, graveyard, school and 4 commercial areas.The estimated population of the society is 7587 persons.2 tube wells are provided at the central park of the society with over head reservoir (OHR) which 20m high from the ground surface.

1.2. Location:The Future Vision Housing Society Situated at Left side of Jehlum road near upper Chenab canal.

1.3. Important Salient Features: In this housing society following important salient features are provided.

School Dispensary Parks Commercial Areas Treatment Plant Plots Flats Apartments Graveyard

1.4. Climate: Climate of the area in summer season is very hot. Temperature ranges from 30˚C to 45˚C.While in winter season the temperature fall up to 0˚C.Due to hot condition in summer the water consumption is very high and in winter water consumption is low.

1.5. Topography of the area:The surface area of the society is almost flat. The maximum reduce level is 100.8m and minimum reduce level is 98.0m.There is very small difference in level.

Chapter2. Assumptions 2.1. Design Period:

The design period of water distribution system of “Future Vision Housing Society” is 25 years.

2.2. Design Population:Present (2014) Future (2039)

Persons/Plot 7 11Persons/Apartment

400 645

Persons/Flat 200 425 Present (2014) population of the society is 4374 persons.

Future (2039) population of the society is 7587persons.

2.3. Water Consumption: It is the amount of water in volume that is consumed for different purposes.Generally it is expressed in liter/capita/day (lpcd).

Per capita water consumption = 500+20(14) = 500+20(8+6) = 780 lpcd

Where Y = Sum of digits of my registration No. Average day W.C : Max day W.C = 1 : 1.5

Average day W.C : Peak Hour W.C= 1: 2.25

2.4. Maximum Day Consumption: Max day water consumption = 1.5 X avg. day W.C = 8949638 L/d

2.5. Peak Hour Consumption: Peak hour water consumption = 2.25 X avg. day W.C =13424456 L/d

2.6. Water Requirement For;o School:

Water consumption for school = 60 X 200 = 12000 L/d

o Commercial Area:Commercial Area = 5.5 cm2 =550 m2

Water consumption for commercial area = 3 X 550 = 1650 L/do Dispensary:

Water consumption for dispensary = 50 X 20 =1000 L/do Open Spaces/Parks:

Water consumption for open spaces/parks = 4845 X 7 = 33915 L/do Total W.C:

Total W.C = 48565 L/d2.7. Maximum Head Loss Per Km:

In design the assumption for maximum head loss is 10 m/km.

Chapter3. Design Criteria3.1. Design Flows for WDS: Average design Flow = (7587 X 780) + 48565 = 5966425 L/d Design Flow For T/W = 1.5 X 5966425 =8949638 L/d3.2. Design Equation Used: Here “Hazen William” Equation is used to findout Head losses.

HL

= 10.65 (Q/C)1.85 L/(D)4.87

Where, H = Head loss (m/km) Q = Discharge (m/sec) C = Roughness Coefficient L = Length of pipe (m) D = Diameter of pipe (m)

3.3. Height Of OHR And Capacity of OHR: Height of over head reservoir is 20 m from the ground surface. Capacity of over head reservoir is 1/6 of the daily avg. W.C. Capacity of OHR = 1/6 X 5966425 = 994404.17 L/d = 994.4 m3/d3.4. Number of T/w Installed: There are two tube wells are installed in the central park of the society. One of them runs on electricity and other on diesel.3.5. Types of Pipes Used in the Scheme: In this design two types of pipes are used for the water supply system.

o Cast Iron Pipes:These pipes are from tubewell to OHR and from OHR to node #1.The HWC for cast iron pipe is 100.

Cast Iron Pipe

o Asbestos Cement Pipe:From node #1 to node #23 all the pipes that are used are asbestos cement pipes. The HWC for asbestos cement pipe is 140.

3.6. Diameter of Pipes: In water supply system pipes of various diameter are used.The minimum diameter of the pipe is 80mm.And also pipes of various diameter are used in this water supply system i.e. 100mm,150mm,200mm,250mm,300mm, 350mm,400mm and 450mm.3.7. Increment in dia size: The increment in diameter size of the pipe is about 50mm.3.8. Max and Min Velocity in W/S Pipes: The maxium velocity in this water supply system is in pipe no.22 which

2.21m/sec and minimum velocity is in pipe no.10 which is 0.33 m/sec3.9. Pressure in Pipes: In water supply system the minimum pressure in pipes is 15 and max Pressure is 20. In this design Max Pressure = Min Pressure =3.10. Cover on Pipes: Cover on pipes are provided for the safety of the pipes.For water supply System the pipes are installed in 1m depth of ground.3.11. Placing of Valves: Valves are provided to regulate the flow,control of pressure and to cut off of the water supply. There are 2 valves are provided at each node and one valve for fire hydrent.

3.12. Placing of Fire Hydrant: Fire hydrants are used to supply water for fire fighting. Fire hydrants should have at least 2 hose outlets and a larger pump outlet.Fire hydrant is provided at 1m from the edge of the road. In this design there is one fire hydrant is provided.

Chapter4. Design of Water Distribution System4.1 Loop Programme: Loop is a computer program in BASIC for Hydraulic Simulation of Looped

Water Distribution Networks.o Brief History:

Loop programme is the computer software developed by the University of North California, USA.This software is developed in 1986. This software uses the algorithm of Hardy Cross which is based on two principles

Inflow at node = Out flow at nodeo Limitations:

This software has following limitationsa. Max Number of nodes = 400b. Max Number of pipes = 500c. Can handle 10 nodes with known HGL

o Input Data Required:Following input data is required to run the programme.

a. Pipe numberb. Node numberc. Diameter of piped. Pipe numbere. HWC of the pipe

o Output Informations Provided:Following output informations are provided by the programme.

a. Head loss in pipesb. Pressure at nodesc. Flow in pipesd. Velocity in pipese. Direction of flow

o Units Employed in Loop for Various Parameters:The units used in this software are

a. Length in mb. Diameter in mmc. Flow in L/secd. Velocity in m/sece. Elevation in mf. HGL in mg. Head Loss in m

o Node Fixation:In this loop programme node #100 is fixed due to constant discharge.

o Signs applied for input and output flows:Here , +ve sign indicates input flow -ve sign indicates output flow

4.2. Procedure: First of all draw the layout of water distribution system. Represent each node with the help of a dot. Allocate plots or area to each node. The allocation of plots to the

nodes should be as realistic and balanced as possible.

Using per capita water consumption value (lpcd), calculate avg. water consumption at each node in liter/second.

Take a tracing paper equal in size to your map and trace the pipe and nodes network on it. Now represent each node with a small circle.

Give number to each pipe and node (inside the circle). Give such numbers to T/W and OHR so that these two nodes can easily be distinguished from other network nodes.

Measure the lengths of pipes according to the scale and write the lengths on the tracing sheet. Also write reduce levels with each node on tracing sheet.

Write nodal flows in lit/sec on tracing sheet using an arrow head.

4.2. Design Input Data:

4.3. Design output Sheet:

Size of pipes and lenghts of pipes are given below in table Pipe Number Length (m) Diameter (mm)1 28 1502 37 1503 43 1504 54 1505 45 2506 42 1507 20 2508 47 2009 160 15010 160 25011 47 15012 62 25013 88 25014 23 25015 38 20016 41 25017 36 8018 38 25019 100 15020 39 25021 100 15022 36 15023 100 15024 38 15025 113 8026 36 15027 113 8028 43 8029 113 15030 54 35031 113 500