Structure Engineering

• They analyze, design, plan, and research structural component and structural systems to achieve the design goals of physical objects.

• Design or fit the structure to the architecture with the structural systems with suitable materials to support the building according that nature imposes on it .

• Working with geotechnical engineers to investigate ground conditions and analyze results of soil sample and in situ tests.

• Develop structural solutions to resist loads and other forces.

Roles of Structural engineers

• Structural engineers carry out strength calculations and prepare drawings of structures to ensure they are strong enough to avoid collapse when loaded.

• Through research and the testing of both form and material, new solutions are developed which promote safer, more environmentally friendly buildings and structures.

• Analyzing configurations of the basic structural components of a building or other structure.

• Manage on-site construction works, materials and equipment management.• Ensure that on-site construction works are carried and in formed.• Coordinate work with other disciplines such as architectural, mechanical and

electrical engineer.• Inspects the foundation, infrastructure, curtain wall, insulation and building

envelope.

Responsibility of structure engineering

Pre-construction Phase oOnce architect completed the building plan, engineers started to

analyze the drawing and come out with a structural drawing.During Construction PhaseoEngineers need to ensure that all steel bar and others are well constructed and connected in a proper way.oBefore pouring concrete into form work they needed to run a concrete test.oEnsure the quantity and quality material are used, to prevent collapsing structure due to reduction of material.Post Construction Phase oFinal Load test required to ensure the building from collapsing or damage.oFinal finishing touches, completion inspections and establish a move-in date

Phases of the building process

Pre-construction Phase • Identify the type of soil with the Geotechnical engineering and decide

which foundation is more suitable to use.

• Structural Planning And Designing• Develop specifications• Develop tender drawing• Submit the tender drawing to the architects• Approval granted by the authorities, construction drawing to be presented.

Architect building plan is

complete

Structure Engineer Drawing

(Tender Drawing)

Submit back to the Architect

Waiting For Approval

Construction Drawing

During Construction ( Foundation )

Pile Pile being hit into the ground Form work of Pile cap

Pouring Concrete into the Form WorkPile cap is form

Back filling

Structural Drawings

Structural drawings include.o– Foundation planso– Wall sections and framing detailso– Structural steel framing and detailso– Beam and column drawings and details

o It is necessary for an engineer to decide the extent of preliminary design to be carried out at the briefing/report stage. Once formalities are over and the final selection has been cleared, an engineer must prepare a set of engineering drawings called Tender Drawings.

o Tender drawings together with the other tender documents, bill of quantities, specification etc, describe the project scheme to the contractor so that he can price the construction work accordingly. Tender drawing are the first evidence of the project scheme regarding type and quality of the work involved and hence these are prepared by engineers with clarity and understanding. Tender drawings are prepared to various scales using convention and concepts of engineering drawing for production, manufacture and construction etc.

Tender drawing

Example Architecture Drawing

Structural Drawing

• Foundation Plan • Foundation Detail / Pile Cap detail

Structural Drawing (General Drawing of Beam and Roof)

Beam’s Details

This is how Beam Look like

Column Schedule And Typical R.C Staircase Detail

Example of concrete Staircase

This is how column is built