Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
#WindWebinar
Dan BernadettChief Engineer, AWS Truepower
Power Performance
MeasurementsCheaper, Faster, Better!
#WindWebinar
This webinar will be available afterwards at www.windpowerengineering.com & email
Q&A at the end of the presentation
Hashtag for this webinar: #WindWebinar
Before We Start
#WindWebinar
Introducing the Featured Speakers
MODERATOR FEATURED SPEAKER
Paul DvorakEditorial DirectorWindpower Engineering& Development
Dan BernadettP.E., Chief EngineerAWS Truepower
#WindWebinar
Acknowledgements
Thank you to Ellie Weyer of AWS Truepower for collaboration on this presentation.
#WindWebinar
125,000Megawatts (MW)
Assessed 85%of our staff is comprised of engineers,
meteorologists and
environmental specialists.Approximately 50% of
US wind projects financed in 2015 used
AWST Energy Production Reports.
43 GWWe provide
renewable energy forecasting
services to over 43 gigawatts
(GW) of capacity.
Consulted to about a third of all Brazil wind projects that came online over the
last two years
80+Number of
Countries Where We Worked
30+Years of
Experience
Assessed resource and
energy for over half of
all India wind projects over the last two
years.
#WindWebinar
Background
Power Performance Measurements
• Measure wind speed• Measure power output• Plot power vs wind speed
and compare to warranted curve
#WindWebinar
Background
Measure wind speed• Terrain and obstacle
assessment to determine valid wind direction sectors
• Anemometer selection and mounting for highest accuracy
• Temperature and pressure measurements for air density correction
• Turbulence, shear, and inclined flow measurements for TSA filters
#WindWebinar
Background
Measure power output• Current transducer
installation requires turbine transformer to be de-energized
• Need to measure low voltage. If turbine transformer is uptower, that means power measurements are performed uptower
• Need to synchronize clocks of power and wind speed measurements
#WindWebinar
Background
Plot power vs wind speed and compare to warranted curve
• Data filtering• Curtailments for grid or
environmental issues• Warranty may be a
function of uncertainty
#WindWebinar
Overview
• Power performance measurements (PPM) are crucial to ensuring turbine and plant performance meet expectations
• However, the current standard requires hub height met towers, which makes measurements time consuming and expensive
#WindWebinar
Summary
• Old standard• New standard• What this change means for you
#WindWebinar
The Opportunity
• Draft standard allows met towers to be as short as the bottom sweep of the rotor
• For a 100m rotor on an 80m tower, bottom sweep of the rotor is 30m
#WindWebinar
The Opportunity
#WindWebinar
Application Considerations
Measurement Configuration
Shear Normalization Veer Added
UncertaintyTurbulence
Inclined Flow
Hub height mast No No Yes Optional
Hub Height Mast + RSD* Yes Yes No Optional
RSD + non-hub height mast Yes Yes No Optional
Met mast above hub height Yes Yes No Optional
* RSD = Remote Sensing Device
#WindWebinar
Application Limitations
Wind Speed Measurement/
Terrain TypeHH/Simple HH/Complex REWS/Simple REWS/Complex
Hub height mast Hub Height Mast
+ RSD RSD + non-hub
height mast Met mast above
hub height * RSD = Remote Sensing Device
#WindWebinar
Old Standard
Hub height met towers• Expensive• Lengthy permitting• Lengthy procurement
o Custom tower made to spec with 6-10 WEEK lead time
• Lengthy construction (excavation and concrete cure time)
Source: AWS Truepower, LLC
#WindWebinar
New Standard - Advantages
Lower blade sweep met tower height used in conjunction with remote sensing like LIDAR or SODAR• Cheaper ($)• Shorter permitting• Faster procurement
o Off-the-shelf tower with 6-10 DAY lead time
• Faster construction (NO excavation and NO concrete) So
urce
: AW
S Tr
uepo
wer
, LLC
#WindWebinar
Cost Comparison: New VS Old Standard
Prices include:• Foundation materials, labor,
mobilization• Tower materials, labor,
mobilization• Booms and hardware
materials and labor• FAA light and power supply• H-frame, equipment rental,
cranes, paint
Source: AWS Truepower, LLC
#WindWebinar
Cost Comparison: New VS Old Standard
Tower Type Height (m) Cost
Self-supporting tower 80 $160,000
Guyed lattice tower 80 $100,000
Tilt-up tubular tower 80 $75,000
Tilt-up tubular tower 60 $40,000
Tilt-up tubular tower 50 $35,000
Tilt-up tubular tower 34 $25,000
Three month lidar rental n/a $30,000
Lidar shipping & commissioning n/a $10,000
#WindWebinar
Cost Comparison: New VS Old Standard
Scenario Components Height Cost Column1Advantage/Disadvantage
1 Tilt-up tubular tower 80 $75,000Higher uncertainty – no shear normalization
2 Tilt-up tubular tower 50 $35,000
Three month LIDAR rental $30,000
LIDAR shipping & commissioning $10,000
Total cost $75,000
3 Guyed lattice tower 80 $100,000 Higher cost, higher uncertainty
4 Self-supporting tower 80 $160,000 Higher cost, higher uncertainty
Same as 80m tower but lower uncertainty because we can normalize shear
#WindWebinar
Schedule Comparison
Self-supporting met tower
Tilt-up met tower
Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Met Tower Procurement and Installation
Order Towers X Tower Manufacture X X X X X X X X Foundation Installation and Curing X X X X X X Tower shipping X Tower Installations (Including Booms) X X
Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Met Tower Procurement and Installation
Order Towers X Tower Manufacture !!! Foundation Installation and Curing !!! Tower Shipping X Tower Installations (Including Booms) X X
#WindWebinar
What About Accuracy?
The remote sensing annex in the new standard contains extensive validation procedures to ensure that remote sensing is as accurate as cup anemometry, and that remaining uncertainty is quantified and included in the process.
#WindWebinar
New Standard Disadvantages
Higher uncertainty
• New sources of uncertainty addedo i.e. if you don’t normalize for shear, uncertainty is added
• More complicated – definition of wind speed can change!o If use REWS (Rotor Equivalent Wind Speed) to normalize shear, need REWS power
curve and REWS wind characterization
#WindWebinar
Preparing for the New Standard
• Remote sensing in parallel with PPM• TI correction• REWS (Rotor Equivalent Wind Speed)• Veer• Inclined flow
#WindWebinar
Conclusions
Faster & Cheaper(with same uncertainty)
Better=(if managed properly)
Higher Uncertainty & More Complicated
Worse=(if not managed properly)
#WindWebinar
Questions?
MODERATOR FEATURED SPEAKER
Paul DvorakEditorial DirectorWindpower Engineering& [email protected]
Dan BernadettP.E., Chief EngineerAWS [email protected]
#WindWebinar
This webinar will be available at www.windpowerengineering.com & emailTweet with hashtag #WindWebinarConnect with Windpower Engineering & Development
Discuss this on EngineeringExchange.com
Don’t Forget!
#WindWebinar
