Power pointed

by:

Ardalan Amiri

Presenting by:

Ardalan Amiri

Hesam Omidi

and

Mohammad

Darini

History

Manufacturers have quietly used 3D printing technology — also known as additive manufacturing — to build models and prototypes of products over the past 20 years.

Charles Hull invented the first

commercial 3D printer

How it works

CAD

3D

Scanner

“STL” format file

Computer

3D

printer

Practicality

Several different 3D printing processes have been invented since the late 1970s

Almost all of them are efficient only for small quantities and relatively smalldimensions

They can take several hours to several mounts to build a model

Some of them can use multiplematerials and colors simultaneously and/or sequentially

3D printer markets

Many companies offer 3D printing services or sell

relatively cheap 3D printers that can cost just

hundreds rather than thousands of dollars

nowadays.

An example of non-industrial use

3D-Printed Reefs

Could Rehabilitate

Persian Gulf

Ecosystem

Voxel (Volume + Pixel)

The particles are

around 50 to 100

µm (510 to 250 DPI

(dots per inch)) in

diameter

Additive processes typesExtrusion

FDM*

ThermoPlastics

Silicon

Rubber

Wire

EBF3*

Any MetalAlloys

Granular

DMLS*

EBM*

SLM*

SHS*

SLS*

Any Metal Alloys

Aluminum, Stainless Steel

Ceramics

Titanium Alloys

Thermo plastics

Laminated

LOM*

Paper, Metal foil,

plastic film

Light Polymerized

SLA*

DLP*

Photopolymer

High Tech

Military use

Oldest1986

Fastest

Granular DMLS Method

Precise and flexible

Still under huge study and development

Invested and used by universities

Using almost any available 3D printing

material

Using Particle locating system

Covers many sub-branches of 3D

printing

Mechanical Friendly

The most efficient 3D printing method

for Mechanical Engineers.

Directly build metal parts (expensive)

Great choice to build moulds for further

manufactures

Mechanism

Fused

metal

Limits

Imperfections in plastic materials

Lack of accuracy in Z direction

Needs powerful computer processors

In demand for finishing process

There are few numbers of famous

companies ( patent for Germany and

USA )

Stereo lithography (SLA)

• excellent for

composite materials

• fast and accurate

• Top-down process

• The resin used in

SLA is particularly

sensitive to

ultraviolet light, so it

hardens once the

UV laser hits it.

• Novel mechanism

What happens next

Once the process is finished, the newly created object is soaked in a solvent that helps cure the resin, the supporting structure is removed, and whatever excess resin is scraped off. Some machines require the “printed” item to be baked in an ultraviolet oven to guarantee its solid state

Stereo-Lithography samples

can produce parts with a maximum

size of approximately 50×50×60 cm

(20"×20"×24")

Other side of facts

The resin alone stands at around $100

to $200 per liter

the cost of stereolithography machines

ranges from $100,000 to more than

$500,000

The less resin the poorer Voxel

The commercial types suffer from lack of

reliability

References

[1 ] H.L ispon and F. C.Moon and J.Hai and C.Pavent i , “ 3-D Pr in t ing the

History o f Mechanisms ” . Journal o f Mechanica l Design , Vo l . 127, pp. 2-3 , 2005.

[2 ] E.Marave lak is and K. David and A. Antoniadis and A.Manios and N. B i la l is

and Y.Papahar i laou, "Reverse engineer ing techniques for cran ioplasty: a case

study " , Journal o f Medical Engineer ing & Technology, No. 1, pp.2 - 7 , 2007.

[3 ] “Technology Quatrer ly, ” Proc. In t . Conf . The Econome. China, 2009,

pp. 3-5.

[4 ] 3D Pr in ter" , Nov 2011, Ava i lab le At : Ht tp : / /www.wik ip id ia .org/3dprnters.html

[5 ] Z Corporat ion 3D Pr in t ing Technology Fast , Af fordable and Uniquely

Versat i le" , Dec 2011, Ava i lab le At :Ht tp : / /www.zcorp.com/documents/ 1083D

Pr in t ing W hite Paper FINAL.pdf

[6 ] Open 3D Pr in t ing and Open Hardware", J .crack , Dec 2011, Ava i lab le At :

Ht tp : / /www. jmccrack.com/ Open 3D Pr in t ing and Open Hardware.pdf

[7 ] " Obje t260 Connex " , Nov 2011, Ava i lab le At :

Ht tp : / /www.Objet .com/Objet 260 Connex open wi th Model .pdf