HDP 10201-201509-00126MARDIANA BINTI

MOHARAM

VERTEBRAE COLUMN

Introduction

Total of bones inside our body is 33

24 irregular bones (movable) Cervical Thoracic Lumbar

9 fused bones Sacral & Coccygeal

Spinal/Vertebrae column extends from the skull to the pelvis

Structure : Atypical (C1-C2) and Typical (C3-C7)

Main function : Protection of the spinal cord Provides stiffening of the body Attachment for the pectoral and

pelvic girdles and many muscles

Cervical

Cervical curvature is concave posteriorly (lordosis) The curvature called as secondary curvature Divided into two part which upper cervical region

(C1,C2) and lower cervical region (C3-C7) The cervical vertebrae have bifid spinous process

Thoracic

Thoracic curvature is concave anteriorly (kyphosis) The curvature is called as primary curvatures Increase in size from T1-T12 Characteristic : Small pedicles, Long spinous process,

Large intervertebral foramen & Have facet on sides of bodies

Lumbar

Lumbar curvature is concave posteriorly (lordosis) The curvature called as secondary curvature Largest and strongest of t the unfused bones Increase in size L1-L5 Bear much of the body’s weight Characteristic : Massive bodies and study laminae,

Largest of moveable vertebrae and absence of costal facet

Sacrum

Sacrum curvature is concave anteriorly (kyphosis) The curvature is called as primary curvatures Triangular bone formed by the union of five sacral

vertebrae Forms the posterior portion of the pelvis Articulates with L5 (superiorly) and auricular surfaces

of the hip bones to form Sacro-Illiac joint

Coccyx

Coccyx curvature is concave anteriorly (kyphosis) The curvature is called as primary curvatures Called as a tailbone Triangular shaped Last portion of the vertebrae Normally four bones (In some cases 3-5) Fused vertebrae with the sacrum to form

sacrococcygeal joint