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A presentation conducted by Dr Trevor Chorvat, Independent Researcher, Wollongong, NSW, Australia Presented on Thursday the 3rd of October 2013. There are many paradigms that could shape this century’s infrastructure in Australia, and indeed the world. This paper outlines one feasible pathway to fill a glaring gap in public transport within our cities, and do this while addressing a number of pressing social, environmental and economic needs including providing transport users an alternative to the car and truck, reduce congestion in cities, promote renewable energy sources, return ‘people space’ to cities and suburbs, and make it a healthier and happier space to name a few. The pathway outlined in this paper involves using a fully-automated small-vehicle system called Gazelle. The system uses linear motors for propulsion and an air cushion for frictionless levitation of the vehicle. Contact-less electromagnetic switching allows the vehicles to be routed across the track network. It is self-sufficient in renewable energy. Use of vertical space facilitates safe automation and allows continued use of most ground vehicles.
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Monday, 30th September 2013: Business & policy Dialogue
Tuesday 1 October to Thursday, 3rd October: Academic and Policy Dialogue
www.isngi.org
ENDORSING PARTNERS
The following are confirmed contributors to the business and policy dialogue in Sydney:
• Rick Sawers (National Australia Bank)
• Nick Greiner (Chairman (Infrastructure NSW)
www.isngi.org
A feasible pathway for Australia’s next
infrastructure paradigm
Presented by: Dr Trevor Chorvat, Independent Researcher, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 2
Fully automated transport for people and goods
ZOOMA – A FEASIBLE PATHWAY FOR AUSTRALIA’S NEXT INFRASTRUCTURE
PARADIGM
Dr Trevor Chorvat ( [email protected] ) Independent Researcher, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
and Dr Keith Bramma
Bureau of Transport Statistics, Sydney, Australia
OBJECTIVE
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 page 3
• To show that the proposed solution – Zooma – is • a feasible paradigm-shift pathway • warrants funding to a stage where Zooma can be examined on its merits in
any global city’s metropolitan urban transport and land use planning strategy • Structure of presentation
• the energy and transport context in which Zooma fits • explain what Zooma is • compare Zooma to other modes • apply Zooma to Sydney to illustrate feasibility
ENERGY AND TRANSPORT CONTEXT
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 page 4
①Energy sources from non-renewable to renewable
②Fossil-fuel use from extensive to zero
③Concentrated linear routing to distributed parallel routing
④Access proximity of transport from area-to-area to point-to-point
⑤Shared use of transport vehicles from limited to extensive
⑥Digital integration into transport from limited to deep
⑦Vehicle control from manual to automated
⑧Use of transport-dedicated people time from high to low
⑨ Land dedicated to transport from high to low
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WHAT IS ZOOMA ?
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 5
• Zooma consists of:
• a new transport mode called Gazelle
• a functional interface called the Super Postal Service • Gazelle is:
• an elevated tube in every street, access lifts every 60 metres (200 feet)
• small light vehicles (plats) carrying 4 or 6 passengers, or 2 pallets of freight
• plats glide on an air cushion and propelled by a linear motor
• self-reliant on renewable energy (solar panels), with 1 month energy storage
• energy efficient and fully automated
• Super Postal Service is:
• software that is accessed via a smart-phone app, computer, internet
• a suite of transport and logistic functions that orchestrate Gazelle
• responsibility and care of passengers and freight
IS ZOOMA ENERGY EFFICIENT ?
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 page 6
GAZELLE ENERGY USE
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 page 7
WILL ZOOMA WORK IN PRACTICE ?
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 page 8
• Examine Zooma for • volume feasibility • pricing feasibility • economic feasibility
• Mid-sized global city — Sydney
MID-SIZED GLOBAL CITY — SYDNEY
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 9
• Population — 4.6 million • Private vehicle numbers — 2.6 million • Passenger transport
• Average weekday trips — 16.5 million • Average trip length — 11 km ( 7 miles ) • Dominant mode — road 68% of average weekday travel
• Freight transport • Average weekday task — 13 million tonne-km (9 million ton-miles)
• Road network — 21,000 kilometres (13,000 miles)
CAN ZOOMA FULFILL THIS TRANSPORT TASK ?
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 page 10
• Zooma sized to cope with 2050 volumes for Sydney (pop 7.3 mil)
• 23 million passenger trips per day
• 50 million tonne-kilometres of freight per workday (34 million ton-miles)
• Zooma’s peak capacity — 4.6 million passenger trips per hour • How?
• Use of distributed parallel track network • Global optimised routing • High occupancy rate — near 100% • High average speed — 80 km/hr ( 50 mph ) • High volume track can be bi-directional
• More network capacity can be attained by using more plats — up to a point • Dynamic pricing to spread traffic load in a globally co-ordinated way so
congestion is avoided
CAN ZOOMA COMPETE ?
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 11
$-
$0.10
$0.20
$0.30
$0.40
$0.50
$0.60
$0.70
$0.80
$0.90
Gazelle Cars Trains Buses
Externality and Subsidy
Other Private Costs
Fares or Fuel Cost
IS ZOOMA ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE ?
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 12
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• Benefits do not include • automated transport • digital integration (ITCT) • agglomeration benefits 31
GAZELLE INFRASTRUCTURE COSTS
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 13
Item A$ billion Solar panels 15 Flywheel Energy Storage 12 Ultra-capacitor Energy Storage 16 Linear Motor 21 Electricity distribution (cables) 7 Track Structure 19 Track Enclosure 17 Switches/Merges 2 Electrical power switching & control 9 Air Compressors 2 Access Points 20 Plats (vehicles) 3 Service Centres 1 Air Quality Points 4 Computer centres 4
Total Network Cost (A$billion) 152
Based on a 21,000 kilometre city network — Sydney
A$7.5 million per kilometre (A$12 million per mile)
CONCLUSION
3 October, 2013 ISNGI, AUSTRALIA 2013 14
• The proposed solution – Zooma – is a feasible paradigm-shift pathway • fully-automated transport • digitally integrated • self-reliant in renewable energy • carries both passengers and freight • congestion-free • price competitive • economically feasible
• Zooma needs funding support from any interested parties!
• prove the novel compressor concept • develop Zooma to prototype stage • refine feasibility analysis