Safety Management System SMS

Safety Management

Systems (SMS)

Lecturer : Khan M Shinwary

[email protected]

+937884-204-93

104/15/2023 Bakhtar University Dept of BCE

mailto:[email protected]+93

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• AFAP - As far as (reasonably) practicable• Employer - Employer who has management control of the facility• ER or ERP - Emergency response or Emergency response plan • Facility - any building or structure at which Schedule 9 materials are present or likely to be

present for any purpose• HAZID - Hazard identification• HSR - Health and safety representative• LOC - Loss of containment• LOPA – Layers of protection analysis • MA - Major accident • MHF - Major hazard facility • MOC – Management of change• OHS - Occupational health & safety• SR - Safety report • SMS - Safety management system

Some Abbreviations & Terms


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Lesson objectives

• What is a safety management system?• The importance of SMS• SMS models and standards• Key elements of the SMS• What are the key processes of an SMS? • Effective element Safety and Health Management System• What should the SMS do?• Measurement of performance• Emergency planning• Critical success factors


4What is a Safety Management System?• An SMS is a comprehensive and integrated system that ensures that

all work at the facility is conducted safely

• It should be fully documented, accessible and comprehensible to those that need to use it

• It recognises the potential for errors and establishes robust defences (control measures) which are fully implemented, to ensure that errors do not result in accidents or near misses

• It is comprises a set of work practices and procedures for monitoring and improving the safety and health of all aspects of the operation


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The Importance of SMS

• In reviews of accidents, a common thread throughout is the inadequacy of management systems that might have prevented the accident from occurring

• Examples of some issues identified are– Lack of hazard review and risk assessment to predict and

prevent incidents– Insufficient investigation and follow up after previous incidents– Inadequate training of staff– Failure to implement effective mechanical integrity programs


6Key Terms Used in Describing the SMSComprehensive• Describes the way that all safety issues including control measures are

managed • Clear link between controls management and the SMS

Integrated • The structure is logical, systematic • Logically ties in to other management systems • Corporate systems do not contradict onsite systems

Comprehensible• Abbreviations and terms used mean something to employees• Consideration of language issues


7Key Terms Used in Describing the SMSImplemented• Procedures are approved and in circulation• Evidence is available – completed forms and/or checklists • Employees are trained and knowledgeable

Accessible• Employees are aware of how to obtain the most up to date or relevant

procedures• Employees can obtain the SMS information needed to support control

measures


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Key Elements of the SMS

From the previous examples, there are common elements

Policy

Planning

Implementing

Assessing

Management Review


Key Elements of the SMSPolicy

Planning

Implementing

Assessing

Management Review

Effective health and safety policies set a clear direction for the organisation to follow

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An effective management structure and arrangements are in place for delivering the policy.

There is a planned and systematic approach to implementing the health and safety policy

Policy

Planning

Implementing

Assessing

Management Review


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The policies and procedures are put in place to manage all aspects of the control measures that ensure safe operation of the facility

Policy

Planning

Implementing

Assessing

Management Review


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Performance is measured against

agreed standards to reveal when and where improvement is needed.

Policy

Planning

Implementing

Assessing

Management Review


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The organisation learns from all relevant experience and applies the lessons.

Policy

Planning

Implementing

Assessing

Management Review


What are the key processes of SMS? • Hazard Identification – a method for identifying hazards related to your

organization; • Occurrence Reporting – a process for the acquisition of safety data; • Risk Management – a standard approach for assessing risks and for

applying risk controls; • Performance Measurement – management tools for analyzing whether

the organization’s safety goals are being achieved; and • Quality/Safety Assurance – processes based on quality management

principles that support continuous improvement of the organization’s safety performance.


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CULTURE 1. Attitudes2. Behaviors3. Beliefs4. Values5. Ways of doing things6. Other shared characteristics of a

particular group of people

Safety & Health management Integration

CULTURE CAN • Socialize newcomers• Define influence• Determine values


5 Effective Elements

1. Management Leadership and Employee Involvement2. Worksite Analysis3. Hazard Prevention4. Hazard Control5. Safety and Health Training

Effective Safety and Health Management System



• 1. Management Leadership & Employee Involvement• Visible management support, involvement, and participation in the

safety and health program• Assign supervisors safety and health responsibility with the authority

to perform their duties• Empower employees and involve them in the safety and health

program. Hold them accountable• Develop safety and health policy, set annual goals and program

review

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2. Worksite Analysis

Ensure that formal safety and health surveys are conductedConduct and document job hazard analysis (JHA)Develop a self-inspection program and conduct formal and informal workplace safety and health inspectionsDevelop a system for tracking, reporting, and investigating near misses, accidents/incidents and injuries and/or illnesses


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3. Hazard PreventionEstablish and maintain good house keeping proceduresEstablish an emergency response plan/ procedures for providing employees with emergency medical treatmentDevelop and implement a preventive maintenance systemProvide medical surveillance and preventive health care


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4. Hazard Control

Establish procedures for evaluating and implementing engineering controlsDevelop and implement safe work practicesDevelop and implement administrative controlsEnsure personal protective equipment is provided, properly used and maintained


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5. Safety and Health Training

Identify, schedule, conduct and document required safety and health training

Effective Safety and Health Management

System

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What Should the SMS Do?• The SMS is the tool with which the Employer meets the overall goal of the

Regulations• The SMS should cover the following

– Define safety roles and responsibilities– Ensure adequate skills, information, tools and decision-making are present in

day to day and abnormal operations– Maintain awareness of hazards and risks– Plan, implement, measure and evaluate MA controls and the SMS– Develop performance requirements– Set targets for improvement of safety at the facility

– Manage change – Manage and maintain knowledge – Instigate HAZID and risk assessments– Manage adequate human resources– Provide performance information to all levels of organisation– Review and improve the SMS itself


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What Should the SMS Do?

• Manage safe operation at the facility, including MAs, specifically focusing on:

– Prevention – Reduction– Mitigation

• It is not just documentation - it is the actual implementation of processes, procedures and practices at the facility

• Include and reflect the safety culture at the workplace


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Measurement of Performance

• Performance standards/indicators must be developed and implemented as part of the SMS (e.g. measure the effectiveness of SMS) to support the MHF safety objectives

• The following principles apply in defining performance standards: Make them SMART

• Specific• Measurable• Achievable • Realistic• Targeted

• The purpose of performance standards/indicators for the SMS is to enable the objective measurement of its target and (subsequently) effective maintenance and improvement of performance


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• Standards and systems need to be practical• Should not place an unworkable burden on employees• Ensure open, comprehensive and accurate reporting of errors or

problems

Is an absence of evidence of problems really indicating high performance?


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• Performance indicators need to be meaningful and contribute to the overall evaluation of the SMS effectiveness

• If a control is stated to be in place for prevention of an MA, then:– Is it implemented?– Is it effective?– Is it audited?– Are the results used for improving the effectiveness of controls

management?


27Items to Note - Emergency Planning

• The MHF must prepare an emergency plan addressing the on-site/off-site consequences

• Must consult with employees and emergency services• Plan should consider

– Accident type (e.g. major/minor, environmental, personal safety, on-site, off-site, property damage)

– Command hierarchy and contact information– Equipment required– Contingency plans

• Plan should be tested, reviewed, updated


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SMS - Critical Success Factors

• Adequate resources for both development and improvement• Personnel are aware of their responsibility and accountability• Personnel are trained/competent• Consistent with the understanding of risk gained from the risk

assessment• There should be sufficient focus on MAs, from planning through to

operations• The Employer must document the basis for the facility's SMS, and the

SMS itself


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Questions?


Education

Safety Management System SMS