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ROLE OF TEACHING METHODS AND ROLE OF TEACHING METHODS AND AUDIO-VISUAL AIDS IN EXTENSIONAUDIO-VISUAL AIDS IN EXTENSION

Submitted by,Dr.BALARAJ BLM.V.Sc 5076I.V.R.I

Submitted to,Dr.RUPASI TIWARISr,SCIENTISTEXTENSION EDUCATIONI.V.R.I

Definition of Teaching Methods:

“Teaching methods may be defined as the devices or tools used to create learning situation in which effective communication can take place between the teacher and the learner”

Extension education is mainly concerned with the dissemination of useful and practical information relating to rural life and helping the rural people in the practical application of such knowledge to rural situations.

EXTENSION TEACHING METHODSEXTENSION TEACHING METHODS

Direct Contact: Direct Contact:

It includes INDIVIDUAL and GROUP contact.It includes INDIVIDUAL and GROUP contact. This is the most commonly used method, face to face This is the most commonly used method, face to face

contact between the extension workers village people contact between the extension workers village people will be seen.will be seen.

Indirect Contact:Indirect Contact:

The ratio between extension worker and farmers The ratio between extension worker and farmers will be more, i.e. one instructor many famerswill be more, i.e. one instructor many famers

Classification of Extension Teaching Methods:

1.   According to use

  a.   Individual contacts

    i) Farm and home visits;

    ii) Office calls

    iii) Telephone calls;

    iv) Personal letters

    v) Result demonstration

  b.   Group contacts

    i) Methods demonstration meetings

    ii) Leader training meetings

    iii) Lecture meetings

    iv) Conferences and discussion meetings

    v) Meetings at result demonstrations

    vi) Tours

    vii) Miscellaneous meetings

  c.   Mass contacts

    i) Bulletins

    ii) Leaflets

    iii) News letters

    iv) Circular letters

    v) Radio

    vi) Television

    vii) Exhibits

    viii)

Posters

2.     According to form  a.   Written    i) Bulletins    ii) Leaflets    iii) News articles    iv) Personal letters    v) Circular letters  b.   Spoken    i) General and special meetings of all kinds    ii) Farm and home visits

    iii) Telephone calls    iv) Radio  c.   Visual or Objective    i) Result demonstrations    ii) Exhibits    iii) Posters    iv) Motion pictures, charts, slides, and other

visual aids  d.   Spoken and visual    i) Method demonstration     ii) Meetings at result demonstrations    iii) Meetings involving motion pictures, charts

and other visual aids    iv) Television

While using the foregoing methods the extension worker uses these methods independently or takes the help of certain audio-visual aids. The word audio-visual comprises three words namely:

Audio – refers to sense of hearing

Visual – refers to sense of seeing

Aid – instructional device

The audio visual aids are classified as under:

e classified as under: 

Audio Visual Audio-visual

Tape recorder Flash cards Cinema projector

Radio Black board Television

Recording Pictures Drama

 

Another method of classification is to divide the audio visual aids in to projected and non-projected aids.

Projected aids Non projected aids

Cinema Projector Flash cards

Slide Projector Flannel graph

Overhead Projector Charts

Opaque Projector Pictures

  Black board

  Bulletin board

  Models

  Posters

  Graphs

  Specimens

  Exhibits

  Photographs

Objectives of Extension Teaching Methods

The Extension Teaching Methods are useful for:

1. Approaching village people.

2. Working with village people.

3. Encouraging village people.

4. Influencing village people.

5. Attracting their attention towards improved practices.

6. Arousing and developing their interest.

7. Convincing the people to adopt improved practices.

8. To provide communication so that the learner may see, hear and do the things to be learnt.

9. To provide stimulation that causes the desired mental and physical action.

10. To take the learner through one or more steps of teaching, learning and adoption process i.e. to arrange situation in which the farmer, farm, woman, boy or girl may see or hear about and to the things to be learnt and adopted.

11. To involve village people to build their organization.

12. To guide village people to build their organization.

13. Spread of information about new practices.

14. To improve extension education and increase opportunities for information to people.

““one cannot learn how to use extension aids skillfully from a book. This only comes through practice”

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