1778-1781 Fighting the War in the South

11/17 TEST TOMORROW...STUDY!!!! BELLWORK- Add the following to your timeline:Battle of CowpensSurrender at YorktownTreaty of Paris

learning goal

British Commander Clinton picks up Loyalist support and takes Charleston, Camden, and Savannah.

http://battleofcamden.org/nps7881.pdf

learning goal

King's Mountain

ü A battle mostly between Loyalists and Patriots...

ü British Commander Ferguson had brags that they can not be removed from the mountain. They encamp at a plateau on the mountain.

ü The location would be perfect, but British must expose themselves to be able to see their targets below.

ü Patriot sharpshooters pick them off, including Ferguson.

learning goal

Nathaniel Greene in charge of the Southern Campaign, splits his troops. Morgan takes charge in the backcountry against Tarleton at Cowpens, a frontier pasture that backs up to the Broad River.The much despised Tarleton and his dragoons make a full frontal assault, but Morgan has three lines that draw in his men to envelope them. Sharpshooters pick off many of the officers as they arrive. Militia are stationed and told to fire twice then retreat. Since militia are known for retreating, Tarleton sees this as a sign that they are on the run, and in they charge. However, another two lines surround them, winning a huge Patriot victory. This is a turning point in the Southern Campaign.

Cowpens

learning goal

Francis Marion, the Swamp Fox, uses guerilla tactics, coming out of hiding in the South Carolina swamps and making hit and run attacks on the British.

learning goal

Benedict Arnold's Treason

Washington gives Arnold command of West Point. feeling slighted and needing money, he makes a deal with British Commander Clinton to turn it over to them. Their messenger, Colonel Andre, is captured and executed. Arnold gets away and becomes a British general, burning Richmond and other towns.

learning goal

Cornwallis ignores an order from Clinton to go to New York. Instead he stays at the Yorktown Peninsula, certain that British ships will supply his needs. Cornwallis' mistake costs him the war.

Washington, Rochambeau, and the French fleet trap Cornwallis at Yorktown.

After a seige of several weeks, Cornwallis must surrender October 19, 1781.

Yorktown

learning goal

Treaty of Paris

Negotiated by Ben Franklin, John Jay, and John Adams

ü United States is an independent nation

ü Borders: N-Great Lakes; S-Florida(Spain); W-MS River; E- Atlantic Ocean

ü Americans will pay damages to LoyalistsT

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learning goal

Who did Gen. Clinton hope would support him in the South?

Natives

Loyalists

Patriots

learning goal

At King's Mountain, Patriots used this advantage against Ferguson's men:

location of the Patriot troops

shooting skills

knowledge of the area

learning goal

King's Mountain is fought mainly between

Loyalists and Hessians

Native Americans and Patriots

Loyalists and Patriots

learning goal

Washington put ____ in charge of Southern Forces.

Daniel Morgan

Nathaniel Greene

William Clinton

learning goal

At Cowpens, Morgan took advantage of the common belief that militia ______.

run away

are great shots

are fearless

learning goal

Colonists had an additional reason to beat Tarleton. He was known for _____.

being a tax collector before the war

not giving quarter to those surrendering

being the Commander at Bunker Hill

learning goal

Francis Marion was called the ____ for his guerilla tactics.

Swamp Rat

Swamp Fox

Swamp Monkey

learning goal

What mistake did Cornwallis make?

He stayed in Philadelphia for a party.

He went to Albany to a meeting.

He didn't follow orders and stayed at Yorktown Peninsula.

learning goal

Who was not part of the group making the Treaty of Paris?

John Jay

George Washington

John Adams