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PARTIAL DENTURE Parts, Functions, Principles of design Dr. Almas Muhammad Arshad House Officer Prosthodontic Department

Removable partial denture

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Page 1: Removable partial denture

REMOVABLE PARTIAL

DENTURE – Parts, Functions,

Principles of designDr. Almas Muhammad ArshadHouse OfficerProsthodontic DepartmentUCD, UOL

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OBJECTIVES OF PROSTHODONTIC REPLACEMENT•Restoration of esthetics•Restoration of function•Preservation of health

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REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURE:

“A removable prosthesis that replaces missing teeth in a

partially dentate arch, and can be removed or replaced by the

patient himself.”

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TYPES1. Acrylic partial denture

Temporary dentures

2. Cast partial denture

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• Interim denture• Enhance the esthetics, stabilization and/or function for a

limited time• Later replaced by definitive prosthesis

• Transitional denture• An interim denture in which artificial teeth are added as

natural teeth lost

• Treatment denture• Used for the purpose of treatment or conditioning of

tissue• Post surgery

TEMPORARY REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES

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PARTS OF RPD:Removable partial denture

Connectors

Major

Minor

Rest Retainers

Direct

Indirect

Denture Base

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MAJOR CONNECTORSUnificationDistribution of applied forces•Provides cross-arch stability to help resist

the displacement by functional stresses.

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MANDIBULAR MAJOR CONNECTORS:• Lingual Bar (All situations where min 8mm space coverage is req)

• Sub-lingual bar (Distance of floor or mouth to gingival margin is < 6mm)

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• Continuous Bar (Wide diastema)

• Labial Bar (Severe lingual inclinations)

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MAXILLARY MAJOR CONNECTORS:• Single palatal strap (Bilateral short span edentulous spaces)

• Single palatal bar (Interim partial dentures)

• Anterior posterior palatal strap (All Kennedy situations, Multiple saddle areas)

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• Anterior posterior palatal bars (Kennedy Class II and IV)

• Complete Palatal plate (Distal extension conditions, Cleft palate, Heavy occlusal forces)

• U shaped (Inoperable tori, Least suitable design)

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MINOR CONNECTORS

• Functions • Transfers functional stresses to abutment teeth• Maintain a path of insertion

BaseOther Components (Clasps, rests, Indirect retainers)

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RESTS AND REST SEAT• Provides vertical support• Transfers the forces along the long axis of teeth• Positional maintenance• Rest Seat:• The prepared surface on the abutment teeth

to receive the rest

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• Types:•Occlusal • Incisal •Cingulum

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DIRECT RETAINERSComponent of RPD that functions to retain and prevent the dislodgement of the denture

Intracoronal

Precision Semi precision

Extracoronal

Clasps Prefabricated attachments

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TYPES OF CLASP:Cast circumferential clasp Bar Clasp

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PRE FABRICATED ATTACHMENTS

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INDIRECT RETAINERSStabilizationPrevents the rotational displacement of rpd

Functions through lever action on opposite side of the fulcrum line

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FULCRUM LINEAn imaginary line around which the denture tends to rotate.

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DENTURE BASE• Support, retention, stress distribution, esthetics•Maxillary denture base Maxillary Tuberosity

area•Mandibular denture base Retromolar pad

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ARTIFICIAL TEETH• Types of artificial teeth:• Acrylic• Porcelain•MetalTube teeth

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PRINCIPLES OF RPD DESIGN

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• Design of removable partial denture should be

1. Simple2. Comfortable3. Harmless to the remaining teeth

PRINCIPLES OF RPD DESIGN

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BIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATION•Teeth and periodontal tissue• Inclination of abutment•Status of residual ridge•Types of edentulous ridge•Occlusion

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Good Support but poor stability

Poor SupportPoor Stability

Poor support

and poor to fair

stability

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MECHANICAL CONSIDERATION•Retention•Stability •Support

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1. How the RPD is supported?• Tooth Supported• Kennedy class 3 and 4

• Tooth – Tissue Supported• Kennedy Class 1 and 2• Away from abutment Tissue Support• Adjacent to edentulous area Tooth support• Quality of Ridge and accuracy of impression

is the key

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2. Connecting the tooth and tissue support units•Major Connector – Rigid for proper distribution of load•Minor connector•SUPPORT

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3. How the RPD is to be retained• Natural Sources• Frictional resistance • Interfacial surface tension• Palatal vault• Occlusion

• Clasp assembly (avoiding torqueing forces)• Splinting• RETENTION

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4. Connecting the Retention units to the supporting units

Indirect Retainers - STABILIZATION

5. Outlining and joining the edentulous area to already established design

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SEQUENCE OF DESIGN

RetainersMinor connector

Major connectorRests

RPD

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References•McCraken’s Removable partial prosthodontics A.B Carr David T Brown 12th edition

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THAN

K YO

U