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Comenius project 2012-2014
Let’s make our world more
and clean!
Recycle in our l i fe!
Comenius project 2012-2014
Contents:
1. What recycle is?
2. Household items you can reuse before tossing.
3. Children’s and teachers work.
4. Handiworks with useless material.
Comenius project 2012-2014
1. Environmental protection
is a practice of protecting the natural environment on individual, organizational
or governmental levels, for the benefit of both the natural environment and
humans. Due to the pressures of population and technology, the biophysical
environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been
recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that
cause environmental degradation. Since the 1960s, activity of environmental
movements has created awareness of the various environmental issues.
There is no agreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human
activity, and protection measures are occasionally criticized.
Academic institutions now offer courses, such as environmental
studies, environmental management and environmental engineering, that
teach the history and methods of environment protection. Protection of the
environment is needed due to various human activities. Waste production,
airpollution, and loss of biodiversity (resulting from the introduction of invasive
species and species extinction) are some of the issues related to
environmental protection.
Environmental protection is influenced by three interwoven factors:
environmental legislation, ethics and education. Each of these factors plays its
part in influencing national-level environmental decisions and personal-level
environmental values and behaviors. For environmental protection to become
a reality, it is important for societies to develop each of these areas that,
together, will inform and drive environmental decisions.
Voluntary environmental agreements In industrial countries, voluntary environmental agreements often provide a
platform for companies to be recognized for moving beyond the minimum
regulatory standards and, thus, support the development of best
environmental practice. In developing countries, such as throughout Latin
America, these agreements are more commonly used to remedy significant
levels of non-compliance with mandatory regulation. The challenges that exist
with these agreements lie in establishing baseline data, targets, monitoring
and reporting. Due to the difficulties inherent in evaluating effectiveness, their
Comenius project 2012-2014
use is often questioned and, indeed, the environment may well be adversely
affected as a result. The key advantage of their use in developing countries is
that their use helps to build environmental management capacity.
Ecosystems approach An ecosystems approach to resource management and environmental
protection aims to consider the complex interrelationships of an entire
ecosystem in decision making rather than simply responding to specific issues
and challenges. Ideally the decision-making processes under such an
approach would be a collaborative approach to planning and decision making
that involves a broad range of stakeholders across all relevant governmental
departments, as well as representatives of industry, environmental groups
and community. This approach ideally supports a better exchange of
information, development of conflict-resolution strategies and improved
regional conservation.
International environmental agreements Many of the earth’s resources are especially vulnerable because they are
influenced by human impacts across many countries. As a result of this, many
attempts are made by countries to develop agreements that are signed by
multiple governments to prevent damage or manage the impacts of human
activity on natural resources. This can include agreements that impact factors
such as climate, oceans, rivers and air pollution. These international
environmental agreements are sometimes legally binding documents that
have legal implications when they are not followed and, at other times, are
more agreements in principle or are for use as codes of conduct. These
agreements have a long history with some multinational agreements being in
place from as early as 1910 in Europe, America and Africa. Some of the most
well-known multinational agreements include: the Kyoto Protocol, Vienna
Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer and Rio Declaration on
Environment and Development.
Recycling is a process to change materials (waste) into new products to
prevent waste of potentially useful materials, reduce the consumption of fresh
raw materials, reduce energy usage, reduce air pollution (from incineration)
and water pollution (from landfilling) by reducing the need for "conventional"
Comenius project 2012-2014
waste disposal, and lower greenhouse gas emissions as compared to plastic
production. Recycling is a key component of modern waste reduction and is
the third component of the "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle" waste hierarchy.
Recyclable materials include many kinds of glass, paper, metal, plastic,
textiles, and electronics. Although similar in effect, the composting or other
reuse of biodegradable waste—such as food or garden waste—is not typically
considered recycling.[2] Materials to be recycled are either brought to a
collection center or picked up from the curbside, then sorted, cleaned, and
reprocessed into new materials bound for manufacturing.
In the strictest sense, recycling of a material would produce a fresh supply of
the same material—for example, used office paper would be converted into
new office paper, or used foamed polystyrene into new polystyrene. However,
this is often difficult or too expensive (compared with producing the same
product from raw materials or other sources), so "recycling" of many products
or materials involves their reuse in producing different materials (e.g.,
paperboard) instead. Another form of recycling is the salvage of certain
materials from complex products, either due to their intrinsic value (e.g., lead
from car batteries, or gold from computer components), or due to their
hazardous nature (e.g., removal and reuse of mercury from various items).
Critics dispute the net economic and environmental benefits of recycling over
its costs, and suggest that proponents of recycling often make matters worse
and suffer from confirmation bias. Specifically, critics argue that the costs and
energy used in collection and transportation detract from (and outweigh) the
costs and energy saved in the production process; also that the jobs produced
by the recycling industry can be a poor trade for the jobs lost in logging,
mining, and other industries associated with virgin production; and that
materials such as paper pulp can only be recycled a few times before material
degradation prevents further recycling. Proponents of recycling dispute each
of these claims, and the validity of arguments from both sides has led to
enduring controversy.
About Latvijas Zaļais punkts (LZP) The increasing amount of waste has persuaded the European Union Member States to search for sustainable solutions. Latvia is solving the situation by adopting the principle of producer responsibility, i.e. the
Comenius project 2012-2014
way a company handles its products and its packaging after they become waste.
The companies that produce or import packaged goods or produce or
import electric and electronic equipment and goods harmful to the
environment (car batteries, batteries, car tires, car lubricant oils and
filters) are compelled by the laws and regulations of the Republic of Latvia to
prevent or to balance the environmental impact of the waste caused by their
economic activities. This must be done either by paying the Natural
Resources Tax (proceeds are used to finance the implementation of
environment protection projects) or by ensuring the management of this
waste – separate collection, recycling, recovery and regeneration.
Mission Statement Latvijas Zaļais punkts (LZP) organizes the recycling of packaging waste,
waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) and waste goods harmful to
the environment (WGHE) on the behalf of companies based on a multi-annual
action plan approved by the Latvian Environmental Protection Fund. LZP was
founded on January 11, 2000 and is the oldest and most experienced
producers’ responsibility organization in Latvia that has been taking care of
packaging waste management since its foundation. Since 2006 LZP has also
been dealing with waste electric and electronic equipment and waste goods
harmful to the environment.
The mission of LZP is to ensure an effective system for managing waste
packaging, WEEE and WGHE collection system in every region of Latvia. In
order to achieve the aim, LZP cooperates with the local municipalities by
concluding agreements on the introduction of waste management system in
the respective administrative territory. Thus LZP gains both the support of the
local municipality as well as a new partner – a waste management
organization designated by the municipality with which LZP cooperates to
implement, maintain and to improve the system within the administrative
territory of the respective municipality. Waste management organizations
ensure the collection of the recyclable materials by setting up and emptying
separate waste collection containers, setting up and maintaining collection
sites for WEEE and WGHE. LZP provides financial support for the collection
of the recyclabe materials and organizes activities aimed at raising the
Comenius project 2012-2014
public’s awareness on the necessity and possibilities of recycling within the
municipality. The materials collected in Latvia are processed into raw
materials in other countries.
International Cooperation Latvijas Zaļais punkts is a member of the Green Dot association "Packaging
Recovery Organisation Europe s.p.r.l." (PRO Europe) which unites members
representing 30 countries. LZP owns the exclusive right to use the Green Dot
trademark in Latvia.
Since the foundation of the LZP a joint system has been developed for the
collection of packaging waste, waste electric and electronic equipment
(WEEE) and waste goods harmful to the environment (WGHE) from
companies and residents and a substantial amount of recycled raw materials
have been delivered for processing.
Learn more about the achievements of Latvijas Zaļais punkts during its ten
years of work!
Comenius project 2012-2014
RECYCLING Why recycle?
It is in everyone’s interest that waste does not grow to become a problem that cannot be handled. Norwegians produce 85% more waste now than 30 years ago, and the amount is increasing. If all the people in the world were to use as much as us, it would not be enough with one earth, we would have needed seven…
In Vestfold county, each inhabitant threw away 521 kilos of waste in 2011. Imagine the pile of garbage that would make if we did not recycle as much as possible! About 64 kilos were food waste and 16,5 kilos plastic packaging.
If we sort our waste and recycle it right, it is possible to reduce climatic emissions with 5,1 million tons CO2 every year. If every Norwegian household recycle one jam jar made of glass every month, we would recycle 4000 tons of glass. That would reduce the CO2-emissions equally to if 830 cars quit driving for one year! If all our households also recycled one box of Cornflakes every month it would make 1500 tons of paper. That would save us from 2300 tons of CO2-emissions, which equals the emissions of 760 cars driving one year.
A metal tin left in the nature will decompose in 50 years. When we sort it from our waste, it takes only three months until it has been recycled into a new product. A plastic bottle left in nature would take 450 years to decompose! If sorted, it takes less than three months to recycle it into a new plastic bottle, or for example a plastic pot or pipe.
Comenius project 2012-2014
What can be recycled?
Recycling is a way of making our waste valuable again, not only to ourselves, but to everyone. When we recycle it is possible to benefit from the waste to produce new products and materials. Metals can be cast into metal products such as car rims, nails and paper clips. Glass, paper and cardboard can become new packaging and various paper-products. Food and organic waste can become valuable bio gas and bio fertilizer. Bio gas is much more environmental friendly than fossil fuel. Did you know that a banana peel can actually make a car drive 96 meters?
How do we recycle our garbage in Vestfold?
Vestfold is one of 19 counties in Norway. It has approximately 240.000 inhabitants, which is a little less than 5% of Norway’s population. We do much of our recycling in our households. All households must pay a renovation fee. This fee covers the main waste handling. We have different garbage containers outside our houses, each with a different color on the lid, indicating what kind of waste should be put where.
Food and organic waste (brown lid) is picked up every week. Paper and cardboard (blue lid), plastic packaging (grey lid or large plastic bag) and spare waste (green lid) is picked up every three weeks, and glass and metal packaging (orange lid) is picked up every six weeks.
Comenius project 2012-2014
Many municipalities (for example Horten) have a recycling station where we can deliver larger amounts of waste and waste that require certain handling, for free. This is waste such as electric and electronical equipment, paint and acid liquid, broken furniture and garden waste. How can we recycle things that other people might use? Things that still work, but we for some reason don’t want or don’t need any longer can often be used by others. At many of our recycling stations there are second hand stores where it is possible to give away, sell and/or buy products that might have instant value to others without being altered through a recycling process. Stores like these are also located in many towns and cities. Every Sunday there is a garage sale market in our city. Also spare time activities, such as sports clubs and music bands, and charity organizations often arrange flea markets. There are also various sites on the internet where one can exchange things or sell and/or buy used equipment. Reusing things this way is not only ecologically, but also economically smart. And sometimes it is also possible to make nice things from things we usually throw away. Like these nice lights or a pretty pen holder, made from empty metal tins:
Every little thing we do when it comes to recycling counts. Most likely you won’t see
the impact it makes right then and there, but remember; there will be people coming
after us! Never judge anything too big to be achieved, or too little to make a
difference. Recycle!
Comenius project 2012-2014
2. RECYCLE WORKS
When we work about recycle in our school, we use a lot of internet resources, one of the main page that we use is this: http://www.recyclemore.ie
In this website we can found a lot of information, activities and resources to work appropriately with our pupils in English language.
Usually we used to invited to our classroom some members of the cleaning team from the school, in order to know how they work, the different tools that they use, their uniforms, their important job for all of us. Also we invited always some of the municipality clean team members, with some of their special vehicles to work with the plastics waste, organic waste, crystals, etc.
Near our city we have a special place to recycle and detox waste material, and every year we do visits to this place, with specialist people to explain us the different ways to recycle and how preserve the ecosystem.
Another useful website, in Spanish, is: http://www.reciclaenvases.com/ With materials of this website, we prepared different activities and work
for the pupils as this: Found and circle the bigger packs:
Match the same packs:
Comenius project 2012-2014
A tale with a puppet: Hello! I am Bernardo, a packing of carton for drinks of milk and I am a type of
the hardest thing. Why? So because though it could to you seem softy and as of carton, within I have something more: a heap of metal caps and plastic that make me super-resistant and strong. Because of it I can dance better than anybody the brik-dance. In addition, the milk that I take within gives me very much calcium and energy to move non-stop. Do not worry because though I fall I do not go away to breaking, not though my brothers of carton are raised on my shoulders for drinks, being piled up. And for if it was small, across my skin I do not stop to spend anything of anything: neither the water, nor the powder nor the light, so when you open me the snack to take you will find your milk in perfect conditions ... mmmm very good!!!! When you finish, do not forget to take me to the yellow container. If I go there, it is sure that they will do with me a heap of useful things. My many skins will separate and form new paper for bags and boxes and more metal to make coffee machines or frames of windows, always very hard. Or probably I will turn into a gas that will turn powerful energy. I will continue being strong, strong, if you help me to return and to retrain.
Another activity is decorate the tin of some refreshments.
Comenius project 2012-2014
Another activity that we use to do is make our own paper, like this recipe
show us how to do it: 1. Tear the paper (feel free to mix different types) into small bits and put it into a
blender. 2. Fill the blender about 2/3 full with warm water. 3. Pulse the blender until the pulp is smooth. If you are going to write on the
paper, blend in 2 teaspoons of liquid starch. 4. Set your mold in a shallow basin or pan. I used a cookie sheet. You could use a
sink. Pour the blended mixture into the mold. Sprinkle in your mix-‐ins (thread, flower petals, etc.). Shake the mold from side to side, keeping it in the liquid, to level out your paper pulp mixture.
Comenius project 2012-2014
5. You have few different options here. You could remove the mold from the liquid, let the paper dry in the mold, and then peel it off. I flipped my paper out onto my countertop and used a sponge to wick away excess water. You could press a cookie sheet onto the paper to squeeze out the excess water.
Also, during this first period, we have built a city with recycle materials, as you can see in these pictures:
Some ear rings with basic materials: Some neck laces with cork and wood:
Comenius project 2012-2014
3. RECIPE FOR RECYCLING INGREDIENTS 1. Used notebook paper, worksheets, Christmas cards, construction paper or other paper to be recycled.
2. Water UTENSILS 1. Blender 2. Large pan at least 3 inches deep (a plastic dishpan works well) 3. 2 pieces of window screen (each must be large enough to cover pan) 4. A flat piece of heavy wood--like a bread board 5. Dry sponges and rags or towels PROCEDURE 1. Tear 2 or 3 pieces of paper into small pieces. Put in blender. 2. Add water so that blender is 1/3 full. 3. Turn blender on to make pulp. After a few seconds, turn off and add more water so blender is 1/2 full. Turn on for 10 more seconds. 4. Place one of the screens over the pan. Have a partner hold it steady! 5. Pour the blended paper pulp over the screen. Spread it around, but not over the edge. The water should seep through into the pan as the pulp collects on the screen.
Comenius project 2012-2014
6. When water stops draining, lift the screen off the pan and onto cloth rags or towel. 7. Set other screen on top. Using sponge, carefully blot excess water. 8. Place another rag or towel on top and a flat piece of heavy wood. Sit on it to press even more of the moisture out--bounce a little to make sure! 9. Remove board, rag and top screen. Peel damp pulp off of bottom screen and leave it to dry overnight on some newspapers 10. Rinse out all utensils. Hang rags or towels to dry. 11. Use your recycled paper to create a special picture, card or collage. ====================
The 8 mistakes of recycling
By now we knew that the blue bucket onto aluminum, tin, plastic, glass and packaging paper. But what if the glass is broken or paper dirty? Remember what we do well when we throw our garbage in the blue bins. As the recycling of household waste taken important steps and more and more willing to participate in the effort to reduce the volume of garbage, is very important to avoid certain mistakes that may instead solve, create problems. We gathered the 8 " odd materials " that seem suitable for recycling, but it is not. 1. Broken glasses. Glass packaging is recycled, but not broken glasses.
Comenius project 2012-2014
The reason is that, since screening centers is usually done by hand, there is a serious risk of injury to workers. This means that if you break a glass or a bottle, do not throw in the blue bins, but in common. 2. Boxes of pizza, fast food packaging. The pizza boxes are made of cardboard, so you may think that is recyclable. When the fly but are full oils and fats. Indeed, as you try to flush, it does not entirely, as always stay residues, while the same board seems to have «watered ". Therefore, not only recycled, but a problem in separation process (formed a dirty mass). Do the same packaging of ready meals. 3. Bags biodegradable or photodegradable. They look like simple plastic bags, but not the same. While simple plastic bags can be recycled and made plastic film, biodegradable or photodegradable, which are mainly from the supermarket, have a maturity date and a point and then begin to decompose. Therefore, not recycled. Also, there is the case of the decomposition process to start while they are in the blue bins or recycling sorting center, creating many tiny pieces, contributing to a pulp trash, which makes it difficult to recycle. 4. Pieces of paper. The system of blue bins can not handle pieces of paper, which is smaller than an A4 page. This means that torn pages, tickets and other papers should not be thrown in the blue bins, why create paper sediment that makes the whole process more time consuming. 5. Wet or soiled paper. Soiled napkins or pieces of oiled paper not only recycled, but disable and other recyclable materials. Not suitable for recycling is the wet paper, even when dry, because the fibers of the paper «gather «when wet. The blue bins are good not throw paper towels and toilet paper, even if it is clean. 6. Materials clay. Several household items are ceramics, ie from baked clay such as old coffee mugs, which are replacing. They should not be thrown in the blue bin because recycling is not at all easy. 7. Foams and Styrofoam. Both are highly flammable materials, can catch fire at any step of the process of recycling. Therefore, dropping them in the blue bins creates problems. 8. Packaging toxic materials. Plastic or metal packagings containing oils antifreeze, insecticides, etc. , we must certainly not be thrown in the blue bins, because the residues of toxic hardly removed .
Comenius project 2012-2014
4. Handiworks
LATVIA&
TURKEY'
Comenius project 2012-2014
ROMANI'A'
POSTERS'ABOUT'CLEAN'AND'DIRTY'WORLD'CREATED'FROM'
OLD'NEWSPAPERS.'
''''ANIMALS'CREATED''FROM'USED'NEWSPAPERS''
POLAND'
Comenius project 2012-2014
CARNIVAL(MASKS(MADE(FROM(BOXES(TO(EGGS.(
DOMESTIC(ANIMALS(MADE(FROM(WASTED(ROLS(OF(TOILET(PAPER.(
WINTER(DECORATION(MADE(FROM(WASTED(ROLS(OF(TOILET(PAPER.(
POSTERS''ABOUT'
'RIVERS'AND'POLLUTION''USING''WASTED'NEWSPAPERS'AND'MAGAZINES.'
Comenius project 2012-2014
SPRING'FLOWERS'FROM'DISPOSABLE'PLASTIC'CUPS.'
SPRING'FLOWERS''FORM'PLASTIC'BOTTLES.'
SUMMER'DECORATION'USING'ROLS'FROM''USED''TOILET'PAPER.'
FLOWERPOTS'MADE''FROM'PLASTIC'BOTTLES.'
RECYCLING)OF)PAPER)FROM)OLD)NEWSPAPERS.)
PRESENTS)FOR)PARENTS)MADE)FROM)OLD)BOXES)DECORATED)WITH)NEWSPAPERS,)OLD)SEQUINS)AND)BUTTONS.)
Comenius project 2012-2014
PRESENTS'FOR'PARENTS'PLASTIC'BASKET''MADE'FROM'PLASTIC'BOTTLES,''DECORATED'WITH'STYROFOAM'HEARTS''AND'FLOWERS.''
MODEL'OF'THE'EARTH'MADE'FROM'BALOON,'OLD'NEWSPAPERS,'DRY'GRASS.'
FOR$CHRISTMAS$We made a christmas tree with recycling materials : - cardboard, - pine cone, - leaves - Tissu
Comenius project 2012-2014
For$offer$to$parents,$we$made$presents$with$nature$materials:$$
Natural'material'for'hand'working'
Comenius project 2012-2014
We#decide#to#make#trees#of#each#season#with#recycle#material#
Summer#one#
Spring#one#
And we use them for our Show for parents at the end of the year
Comenius project 2012-2014
Comenius project 2012-2014
Comenius project 2012-2014
Comenius project 2012-2014
LET‘S&MAKE&RECYCLE&PAPER&KINDERGARTEN&JELKA&
!Presenta(on*by*PETRA*KOČAR*
!petra.kocar@vrtec>jelka.si&
&hDp://www.vrtec>jelka.si&&
&February&2013&
Comenius project 2012-2014
Comenius project 2012-2014