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Karen Silvestri, Instructional Specialist

Reading strategies overview

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Page 1: Reading strategies overview

Karen Silvestri, Instructional

SpecialistRobeson Community

College

Page 2: Reading strategies overview

Reading IS Thinking

“The purpose of reading is

understanding.”

Reading IS Thinking

“The purpose of reading is

understanding.”

Active readers

ENGAGE with the text!

Page 3: Reading strategies overview

Think about what you read.

Develop an awareness of your

thinking.Use strategies to

help you comprehend what you are reading.

Page 4: Reading strategies overview

1. Connect to the Text

2. Ask Questions

3. Expand Vocabulary

4. Predict & Prove

5. Sense It

6. Decide What’s Important

7. Make Inferences Then Draw Conclusions

8. Summarize and Synthesize

9. Check Your Understanding

10.Build Fluency

Page 5: Reading strategies overview

Build a Bridge from the New to the Known

Ways to connectText to Self Text to

Text

Text to World

Build a Bridge from the New to the Known

Ways to connectText to Self Text to

Text

Text to World

Page 6: Reading strategies overview

This reminds me of…This is similar to…

The differences are…This part is like…

This setting reminds me of…This character makes me think of…I also (name something in the text

that also happened to you)…I never (name something in the text that has never happened to you)…

Page 7: Reading strategies overview

Ask yourself questions as you read!“Questioning is the strategy that keeps readers engaged. When readers ask questions, they clarify understanding and forge ahead to make meaning. Asking questions is at the heart of thoughtful reading.” Harvey and Goudvis

Ask yourself questions as you read!“Questioning is the strategy that keeps readers engaged. When readers ask questions, they clarify understanding and forge ahead to make meaning. Asking questions is at the heart of thoughtful reading.” Harvey and GoudvisWhat does this

mean?What would happen if…?

What will happen next?

Why did the author include

this?

Page 8: Reading strategies overview

Why….?Why did…?Who is…?

What would happen if…?

What does this section mean?

Do you think that?How is this (detail) like this (detail)?

Page 9: Reading strategies overview

“The larger the reader’s vocabulary (either oral or print), the easier it is to make sense of the text.”

Report of the National Reading Panel

“The larger the reader’s vocabulary (either oral or print), the easier it is to make sense of the text.”

Report of the National Reading Panel

Highlight unknown words.Break confusing

words down.Place the word in

its context.Keep a list of new

words.Commit to

learning one new word per day.

Page 10: Reading strategies overview

“Research suggests that when students make predictions their understanding increases and they are more interested in the reading material.”

Fielding, Anderson, Pearson, Hanson

“Research suggests that when students make predictions their understanding increases and they are more interested in the reading material.”

Fielding, Anderson, Pearson, Hanson

Good readers anticipate what’s coming next.

When readers predict, they are aware when meaning is

breaking down. When an event doesn’t match

a prediction, good readers rethink and revise their

thinking.

Page 11: Reading strategies overview

I think that…I predict that…I wonder if…I bet that…

Reading this part makes me think that this (detail) is about to happen.Since this happened (detail), then I believe the next thing that is going

to happen is…

Page 12: Reading strategies overview

HOW TO PREVIEW READING

ASSIGNMENTS

Read the title.Check the author and the source of articles and

essays.Read the introduction or the first paragraph.Read each boldface (dark print) heading.Read the first sentence under each major heading.Note any typographical aids.Note any graphic aids.Read the last paragraph or summary.Read quickly any end-of-article or end-of-chapter

material.

Page 13: Reading strategies overview

Visualizing: A Tool to Enhance Understanding

“Visualizing is a comprehension strategy that enables readers to make the words on a page real and concrete.” Keene and Zimmerman

Visualizing: A Tool to Enhance Understanding

“Visualizing is a comprehension strategy that enables readers to make the words on a page real and concrete.” Keene and ZimmermanEngage with the

text by creating pictures in your

mind.

Page 14: Reading strategies overview

“Thoughtful readers grasp essential ideas and important information when reading. Readers must differentiate between less important ideas and key ideas that are central to the meaning of the text.” Harvey and Goudvis

“Thoughtful readers grasp essential ideas and important information when reading. Readers must differentiate between less important ideas and key ideas that are central to the meaning of the text.” Harvey and Goudvis

Sort out the most important

details.Highlight

the key points in the

text.

Page 15: Reading strategies overview

READING STRATEGY TIP – HIGHLIGHTING

Highlight main ideas and only key supporting details.

Avoid highlighting complete sentences.Use the 15-25 % rule (highlight no more than 15-

25%).Use the highlighter to EMPHASIZE key words.Look for lines that cause you to ask a questionLook for lines that you relate to personallyLook for lines that strike a chord in you – whether or

not you know why!Look for words that confuse you or are unfamiliar.

Page 16: Reading strategies overview

“Inferring is at the intersection of taking what is known, garnering clues from the text, and thinking ahead to make a judgment, discern a theme, or speculate about what is to come.”Harvey and Goudvis

“Inferring is at the intersection of taking what is known, garnering clues from the text, and thinking ahead to make a judgment, discern a theme, or speculate about what is to come.”Harvey and Goudvis

Think ahead!

Make a guess!

Read the clues and

draw a conclusion.

Page 17: Reading strategies overview

Reading Strategy Tip – Annotating

Circle unknown wordsMark off definitions with the notation defMark off examples with the notation exNumber lists of ideas, causes, reasons, or eventsPlace asterisks (*) next to important passagesPut question marks next to confusing passagesMark off possible test questionsWrite comments and notes in the marginsMark off summary statements with the notation sum

Page 18: Reading strategies overview

Synthesizing is putting together separate parts into a new whole….a process akin to working a jigsaw puzzle. Harvey and Goudvis

Synthesizing is putting together separate parts into a new whole….a process akin to working a jigsaw puzzle. Harvey and Goudvis

What you already know

What you don’t know

What you learned from the text

Page 19: Reading strategies overview

READING STRATEGY TIP – SUMMARIZING

Highlight or write brief notes on the material.Write one sentence that states the writer’s overall

concern or most important idea.Be sure to paraphrase, using your own words rather

than those of the author.Review the major supporting information that the

author gives to explain the major idea.The amount of detail you include, if any, depends

on your purpose for writing the summary.Normally, present ideas in the summary in the

same order in which they appeared in the original material.

If the writer presents a clear opinion or expresses an attitude toward the subject matter, include it in your summary.

Page 20: Reading strategies overview

“If confusion disrupts meaning, readers need to stop and clarify their understanding. Readers may use a variety of strategies to “fix up” comprehension when meaning goes awry.” Harvey and Goudvis

“If confusion disrupts meaning, readers need to stop and clarify their understanding. Readers may use a variety of strategies to “fix up” comprehension when meaning goes awry.” Harvey and Goudvis

When you start to

lose focus, use fix-up strategies!

Page 21: Reading strategies overview

FIX-UP STRATEGIES

Source: Tovani, Cris. Do I Really Have to Teach Reading?

A “fix-up” strategy is any strategy used by a reader to help get unstuck when the text becomes confusing.

Make a connection between the text and your life, your knowledge of the world, another text.

Make a prediction.Stop and think about what you have already

read.Ask yourself a question and try to answer it.Reflect in writing about what you have read.

Page 22: Reading strategies overview

MORE FIX-UP’S

Use a highlighter to mark confusing passages.Annotate (notes in the margins).Use sticky notes to write notes on confusing

passages or words.Visualize.Retell to someone what you’ve read.Reread.Adjust your reading rate: slow down or speed

up.

Page 23: Reading strategies overview

“Fluency is important because it frees students to understand what they read.” Report of the National Reading Panel

“Fluency is important because it frees students to understand what they read.” Report of the National Reading Panel

Active readers are able to read

with speed, accuracy, and

proper expression.

Page 24: Reading strategies overview

STRENGTHENING YOUR COMPREHENSION

Analyze the time and place in which you are reading.

Rephrase each paragraph in your own words.Read aloud sentences or sections that are

particularly difficult.Reread difficult or complicated sections.Slow down your reading rate.Write guide questions next to headings.Write a brief outline of major points.Highlight key ideas.Write notes in the margins (annotate).Determine if you lack background knowledge.