Pinyin Lesson 04Spelling rules (2)

Spelling rules for compound vowelsIf “üe” and “ün” are used as an individual syllable,

the consonant “y” is added in front of them, and the two dots above “ü” are omitted. For example:

yuè (=yüè) 月 moonyún (=yǘn) 云 cloud

• When “üe” and “ün” are placed after the consonants j, q, and x, the two dots above “ü” are omitted and the ü appears as u. For example:

xué(=xüe) 学 learn, studyjūn(=jǖn) 军 militaryquē(=qüē) 缺 lack

Spelling rules for compound vowels

• If “in” or “ing” is used as an individual syllable, “y” is placed in front of it. For example:

yìn (=ìn) 印 sealyǐng (=ǐng) 影 shadow

Spelling rules for compound vowels

Spelling rules for compound vowels• There is only one retroflex final “er” in Pinyin. When

pronouncing “er”, first pronounce “e ” (like ‘ir’ in ‘dirty’), then raise and retract the tongue backwards.

èr 二 (two)ěr 耳 (ear)

Exercises

Exercise 1 Listen and circle the correct pinyin

á ì

è ǔ ù

ī ǐ uì

ǒu uō uò

Exercise 2 Listen and write down the vowels with tonal marks

jǐqù

jī

kē

kǔ

jǔgù

xúyuè

Exercise 3 Listen and tick if true, cross if false

shǔjì

lù

chōulǘ

xī

zhuì

Exercise 4 Listen and tick if true, cross if false

Exercise 5 Write down the Pinyin you heard1- 2- 3-

4- 5- 6-

7- 8- 9-

10- 11- 12-

jiāng lùn kāi

gěi shuǐ ēnyīng yuè wáng

ěr sōng lüè

Words for Kungfu-trainingExtension

wǔ shù 武 术 martial artsgōng fu 功 夫 Kungfu, Chinese martial arts

wǔ shù lǎo shī武 术 老 师 martial arts teachershī fù师 傅 master

liàn wǔ shù 练 武 术 to train martial arts

quán shù

拳 术 fisticuff

gùn shù

棍 术 cudgel play

zhǔn bèi准 备 ready

kāi shǐ开 始 start

hū qì呼 气 breathe out

xī qì吸 气 breathe in

jì xù继 续 continue

tíng停 stop

zhuǎn shēn转 身 turn

xiū xī休 息 take a break

xiàng shàng向 上

xiàng zuǒ向 左 xiàng yòu向 右

xiàng xià向 下

zhōng jiān中 间

xiàng qián 向 前 forward

xiàng hòu 向 后 backward

tóu 头 (head)

liǎn脸 (face)

bó zi脖子 (neck)

méi máo 眉 毛 (eyebrow)tóu fà 头 发 (hair)

yǎn jīng 眼 睛 (eye)

bí zi鼻子 (nose)zuǐ bā 嘴 巴 (mouth)

ěr duo耳 朵 (ear)

肩 (jiān) shoulder

手 (shǒu) hand肘 (zhǒu) elbow

臂 (bì) arm

胸 (xiōng) chest

肚子 (dù zi) belly

膝盖 (xī gài) knee

大腿 (dà tuǐ) thigh

小腿 (xiǎo tuǐ) calf

腿 (tuǐ) leg

脚踝 (jiǎo huái) ankle

后背 (hòu bèi) back

臀部 (tún bù) buttock屁股 (pì gu) ass

脚 (jiǎo) foot脚趾 (jiǎo zhǐ) toe