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Active Voiceand
Passive Voice
Sentence Structure
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar/g_actpass.html
Sentences can be written or spoken in the active or
passive voice.
So, what is the difference between the active and passive
voice?
Active Voice Subject of sentence
comes before verb The subject does the
actionhttp://www.mindconnection.com/library/writing/activevoice.htm
Passive Voice The subject comes after
the verb The subject receives
the action
http://www.eslbase.com/grammar/passive
Active Voice
Subject + Verb + Receiver or Direct Object
Active Voice
(Subject)
Jack London
(Verb)
wrote
(Direct Object)
To Build a Fire
Passive Voice
Receiver or Direct Object + Verb +
Subject
Passive Voice
(Direct Object)
To Build a Fire
(Verb)
was written
(Subject)
by Jack London
Passive Voice Verb Form Use “to be” Linking Verbs- is, are, was ,were…
Linking Verb is connected to Past Participle Verb
Past Participle Verb is Transitive
Verb Forms
Simple Present Simple Past Past Participle
see saw seen
lift lifted lifted
bring brought brought
give gave given
hold held held
break broke broken
Important: Verb Understanding Transitive Verbs Express existence, action,
or occurrence Have objects that receive
the action of the verbs E.g., see, lift, bring, give,
hold, broke
Intransitive Verbs Express existence,
action, or occurrence Do not have objects
that receive the action E.g., arrive, go, lie,
sneeze, sit, die
http://www.uottawa.ca/academic/arts/writcent/hypergrammar/trnsintr.html
Passive Voice: Verb Form
To Build a Fire was written by Jack London
Linking Verb
(to be) Past Particle
(transitive verb)
Why Use Active Voice?To center attention on the subjectThe author, Jack London is most important
Why use Passive Voice?To center attention on the object The book, To Build a Fire, is most important
More Examples!
Active Voice My dog ateate your cat. The students tooktook the final exam. Tom cleanscleans the kitchen everyday. Mike grewgrew tomatoes and peppers in his garden. The tutors in the English Center helphelp the students. My brother teachesteaches math at Olive Peirce Middle
School.
Passive Voice Your cat was eatenwas eaten by my dog. The final exam was takenwas taken by the students. Everyday, the kitchen is cleanedis cleaned by Tom. Tomatoes and peppers were grownwere grown by Mike in his garden.
The students are helpedare helped by the tutors in the English Center.
Math is taughtis taught by my brother at Olive Peirce Middle School.
For fun, a few active and passive voice quizzes! Quiz 1 Quiz 2 Quiz 3