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Nursing Informatics
Definition1989Graves and Corcoran defined Nursing Informatics
asComputer science, information science, and nursing science
combined to assist in the management and processing of nursing
data, information and knowledge to support the practice of nursing
and the delivery of nursing care.
Definition1996Turley defined Nursing Informatics as the
intersection point with Nursing Science, Computer Science and
Information Science.1995Graves et al, began to incorporate
knowledge as a product of the sciences into the definition.
DefinitionSaba and McCormickThe use of technology and/or a
computer system to collect, store, process, display, retrieve, and
communicate timely data and information in and across health care
facilities that administer nursing services and resources, manage
the delivery of patient and nursing care, link research resources
and findings to nursing practice, and apply educational resources
to nursing education.
DefinitionANA revised definitionNursing informatics is a
specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and
information science to manage and communicate data, information,
and knowledge in nursing practice. Nursing informatics facilitates
the integration of data, information, and knowledge to support
patients, nurses, and other providers in their decision making in
all roles and settings. This support is accomplished through the
use of information structures, information processes, and
information technology.
Why NI definition is important to nurses?
Possible answersA definition is a fundamental element for
shaping a specialtyA definition for nursing informatics guides role
delineation for nurses interested in informatics and suggests
directions for practice, education, training, and researchAlso, a
definition is one foundational element of national scope documents
for the nursing informatics specialty.
a definition of nursing informatics may be useful to other
disciplines as they define informatics practice within their own
specialtiesa definition for nursing informatics is needed to help
others, within and outside nursing, understand the legitimacy of
the practice and the general competencies of a nurse who
specializes in informatics.
EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
Konrad Zuse (German: [knat tsuz]; 19101995) was a German civil
engineer, inventor and computer pioneer. His greatest achievement
was the world's first functional program-controlled Turing-complete
computer, the Z3, which became operational in May 1941.
Zuse was also noted for the S2 computing machine, considered the
first process-controlled computer. He founded one of the earliest
computer businesses in 1941, producing the Z4, which became the
world's first commercial computer. From 1943[1] to 1945[2] he
designed the first high-level programming language, Plankalkl.[3]
In 1969, Zuse suggested the concept of a computation-based universe
in his book Rechnender Raum (Calculating Space).
ENIAC was designed to calculate artillery firing tables for the
United States Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory.[4][5] When
ENIAC was announced in 1946 it was heralded in the press as a
"Giant Brain".[6] It had a speed of one thousand times that of
electro-mechanical machines.
6) Who is the "Father of Modern Computing"? Bill Gates Wilhelm
SchickardCharles BabbageGordon Moore
Historical Perspectives of Nursing and Computers
Historical Perspectives of Nursing and Computers
Six time periodsPrior to 1960s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000
Historical Perspectives of Nursing and ComputersPrior to the
1960s( Florence Nightingale) 1857
Historical Perspectives of Nursing and Computers
Punch Card
Store dataSortPrepare data for processing
Historical Perspectives of Nursing and Computers1960sDuring the
1960s the uses of computer technologies in the health care system
began to be question. Why computers?What should be
computerized?Introduction of Cathode Ray Tube.
Historical Perspectives of Nursing and Computers1970sNurses
began recognized the value of the computer for their
profession.Nurses recognized the computers potential for improving
the documentation of nursing practice, the quality of patient
careDuring this period, several states and large community health
agencies developed and/or contracted for their own computer-based
management information system (MIS)
Historical Perspectives of Nursing and ComputersDuring the
1980s, the field of informatics emerged in the health care industry
and nursing.During this period, many mainframe HISs emerged with
nursing subsystems, these systems documented several aspects of the
patient record; naVmely,Order entry emulating the kardexResults
reportingV/SDischarge planning systemIn the 1980s, the
microcomputer or personal computer (PC) emerged.
Historical Perspectives of Nursing and ComputersIn 1992, NI was
approved by the American Nurses Association (ANA) as a new nursing
specialty.The 1990s brought smaller and faster computers-laptops
and notebooks-to the bedside and all of the point-of-care
settings.Workstations and local area networks(LANs) were developed
for hospital nursing units.Wide area networks (WANs) were developed
for lingkingcare across health care facilities.Electronic
mail(email)WWW protocols.
Historical Perspectives of Nursing and
ComputersPost-2000Electronic Patient RecordElectronic Health
RecordPersonal Digital AssistanceVoice over Internet protocol
Who are Informatics Nurses?
Expert nursing clinicians in utilizing the nursing processExpert
analytical & critical thinking skillsUnderstand patient care
delivery workflow & integration points for automated
documentation Clinicians with extensive clinical practice
Experienced in utilizing and implementing the nursing process Have
additional education & experience related to technology and
information systemsAre excellent project managers because of the
similarity between the project management process & the nursing
processMay be board certified in Nursing Informatics by ANCC
How do Informatics Nurses Impactthe Nursing Process? Enable the
professionalnurse to be the Coordinator of eachpatients care
Communicate & coordinate care with ALL other clinical
disciplines Coordinate discharge planning, education &
teaching, transitions of care Manage ALL information related to the
nursing process and patient care delivery
How do Informatics Nurses Impactthe Nursing Process? Because
information management is integrated into nursing practice, there
are now additional steps in the nursing process
STANDARDIZEDDOCUMENTATIONPROCESS RE-ENGINEERINGINFORMATION
MANAGEMENTRESEARCH and EVIDENCE COLLECTION
StandardizedDocumentationProcess Re-eng.Information mgt.Research
and evidence collectionAssessment
Evaluation
Implementation
Planning
How do Informatics Nurses Impactthe Nursing Process?
Standardized Documentation The collection tool for information
management Information Management Key role for Nursing
InformaticsKey to research and evidence collection Process
Re-engineering Key to successful implementation Research and
Evidence Collection Key to repeatable, standardized care and
improved outcomes
The Value of Nurse InformaticistsNurse Informaticists are
Bi-Lingual! Support nursing work processes using technology
Re-Engineer clinical workflow & facilitate change
management
Acute care all specialties Home health Ambulatory care Software
development Redesign work flows Long-term care Outpatient
setting
The Value of Nurse Informaticists Analyze clinical and financial
dataPromote and facilitate access to resources and references
Provide nursing content to standardized languagesEnhance continuity
of care Improve relationships between providers and recipients of
health care Enable cost savings and productivity goals
The Benefits of Nurse InformaticistsNurse Informaticists promote
and facilitate access to resources and references Support for their
mission to deliver high quality, evidence based care Support for
better service by facilitating true interdisciplinary care
Improvement in key relationships with providers & care
recipients Enable cost savings and productivity goals Facilitate
change management Enhance continuity of care
The Many Roles of a NurseInformaticist Administration,
leadership, & management Analysis Compliance and integrity
managementConsultation Coordination, facilitation, and integration
Development Educational and professional development Policy
development and advocacyResearch and evaluation
