Chapter 1 Network Fundamentals

Networking Fundamentals and Media Services (NMS)

Network

A system in which a number of computers are linked together to share data and peripherals

ResourcesHard disks, printers, internet connection, etc

Evolution of Networks

Sneakernet

• Hand carry thumb drive / disk

Connect 2 computers

Local Area Network

(LAN)

• Computers interconnected within a building

Metropolitan Area

Network (MAN)

• Computers interconnected within several buildings

Wide Area Network (WAN)

• Computers interconnected around the world

Why network?

Share information or data

Share hardware or software

Increase security

Backup files

Share internet connection

Play multiplayer games

• Documents• Videos & audio files• Calendar schedule• Social media

Sharing information or data

Network security

Logging out if you will be away from your workstation for more than 15 minutes

Using unusual passwords (containing letters, number and special characters) and changing them regularly

Using deceptive filenames for sensitive data

Conducting audit trial to track network activities

Intranet vs Internet

Intranet

Network to make information available to employees on the company’s internal network

Internet

World-wide network of computers accessible to anyone who knows their Internet Protocol (IP) address - the IP address is a unique set of numbers (such as 209.33.27.100) that defines the computer's location.

Backup

A file server is a computer responsible for the storage and management of data in a central location.

Components of LAN

Computers

Peripherals (Shared Resources)

Network Interface Card (NIC)

Networking media –> how the hosts communicate

Network traffic control or Network Communication devices

Hosts

Components of LAN

Network Interface Card (NIC)

A printed circuit board (PCB) that fits into the expansion slot or integrated into the mother board

Also called network adapter

Adapt the host device to the network medium

Unique Media Access Control (MAC) address

Networking Media

Coaxial cable

Fiber Optic cable

Free space

Copper cable

Networking Media

Coaxial cable

Networking Media

Fiber Optical cable

Networking Media

Copper cable CAT 5 Unshielded Twisted

Pair (UTP) Least expensive Maximum length of 100

metres

RJ45(Registered Jack )

Pairs with different twist rates to reduce crosstalk

Network traffic control or Network Communication devices

Repeater – amplifies the electrical signals and resends the data, single port “in” and single port “out”

Hub – may be 4, 8, 12, 16 or 24 ports Passive: just split the signal for multiple hosts Active: multi-port repeater, extend a cable length

Bridge – filter traffic between two LAN segment using MAC address

Switch – multi-port bridge Difference between Hub and Switch?

Router – direct traffic from one network to another (path selection and switching of packets) using IP address

Symbols

Another network or the whole internet

Q&A

Exercise 1 - mindmap

Work in groups of 1-3 students

Create a mindmap of this topic

Prize for the best mindmap

Chapter 1