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Slides from Emily Stambaugh's keynote presentation at the "Looking to the Future of Shared Print" session held at the ALA Annual Conference on June 27, 2014 in Las Vegas, NV.
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Moving Shared Print to the Network Level
Emily StambaughALA Annual ConferenceLas Vegas, NVJune 27, 2014
“Looking to the Future of Shared Print” Shared Print Colloquium Sponsored by Maine Shared Collections Strategy and Center for Research Libraries
Definitions
Network level = above existing consortia, existing trust networks, existing operations infrastructure (but within OCLC WorldCat and U.S. copyright regime)
Extending shared print efforts to the
network level and to higher risk,
higher opportunity materials.
Higher risk material = print only, not digitally available, not digitally preserved.
Higher opportunity material = general research publications, not special collections, not instructional materials, not odd formats, not likely mass digitization or publisher backlist candidates
Aggregate Print Collections
Digitized Print
Publisher-Provided
e-
Print only, general
research pubs
Higher risk, higher opportunity
Contents
• Benefits and important aspects of distributed, regional shared print programs
• The vision question for monographs
• Creating a user imperative for shared print
• Business model principles and elements for regional vs network level shared print program
Benefits of distributed, regional shared print programs
• Shared responsibility, shared stewardship• Effective collection management and space planning
strategy• Informed, responsible retention and deselection decisions,
now or in the future• Regional coordination and distribution of responsibilities
and program management provides economies of scale• Opportunity for non-archive holders to contribute
financially• … May foster other forms of collaboration in the future
Important aspects of Distributed, Regional Shared Print Programs
Collections Model• Include publications in all stages of digital availability
and digital preservation; work on multiple risk categories in parallel
• Ongoing collection analysis and retention decisions; create archiving cycles with expectations for completion and retention disclosure by a specific date
Types of Collections Analysis• Planning analysis• Group decision-making about “what to archive
next?”• Local decision-making about
– Retention commitments– Deselections relative to archived holdings
Common policies and standards• Disclosure policy• Retention period • Validation standards• Resource sharing policy
Common infrastructure• Union catalog (WorldCat)• Disclosure in OCLC using OCLC Symbols, LHRs,
561 and 583 to support resource sharing, group and local collections analysis
• Group access catalog to support resource sharing
Areas for improvement• Discovery – SP has reached scale
– For users– For librarians, lists by archiving program for export– For librarians, routine and ad hoc deselection
support• Quality assurance
Membership ScaleImportant tension between non-archive holders and archive holders;
around potential future demand on fewer retained copies
For monographs perhaps focus on developing incentives for retention at scale and subsidies for demand (delivery)
RolesChanging landscape of stewardship; mid-tier institutions important
players; largest ARLs wary
Distributed archiving is valued but there may be limits to the extent to which distribution can occur. WEST will test this in 2014.
ContinuityInstitutions that participate in digital preservation and
shared print programs are likely to continue to participate in them over the next five years.
PricingDon’t underestimate or under-price a shared print
service at startup
Vision Question for Monographs
• Print archive? Or shared print program?
• Is it enough to make retention commitments to fewer monograph copies and negotiate broader resource sharing agreements?
• Or shall we reframe shared print for monographs from the user perspective?
Users and services for physical goodsCan we implement popular delivery services from print and digital repositories to better support research?
Can/would users be willing to directly support those services?
Can a financial model include library and user contributions to a bundle of services designed to transform print collections?
Powered by enhanced access services
• Direct delivery by mail
• Download to device
• Account management
• Queuing technology
Supplied by repositories
• Digital (e.g. HathiTrust)
• Shared Collections in Storage
• Shared Collections in Place
Supported by Libraries +users
• Archive Holders
• Non-Archive Holders
• Users
• Departments
Cloud-service layerDiscovery & Delivery
Download Ship
Benefits to Users
• Access to more and better books for research• Convenient delivery to home or device• Avoid costs of coming into to campus to get
books• Avoid library fines• 50 books at a time, unlimited checkout period,
after 50, return one to get another
Current Business Models
• Program costs are shared among member libraries
• Member libraries support certain local costs
• Income sources:– Grants– Member fees– In kind
Program Costs Local Costs
Program management
Collections Analysis• Planning• Group
Collection analysis•Local
Systems support/development• For collections analysis
Provide holdings records for planning and group analysis
Archive Creation• Validation• Gap filling (requests for holdings)• Disclosure (consolidated holdings)
Deselection
Shipping to fill gaps
DisclosureResource sharing
Storage* Storage*
Digitized Print
Publisher-
Provided e-
Print only,
general research
pubs
Higher risk, higher opportunity
Can we leverage digitized print to support retention, digital conversion and ongoing development of general, print only,
research collections?
Put this print to work…
…to digitize this print?
Network Level Business Model• Program costs are shared among member libraries and users
– Credits provided for retention commitments and delivery; payable periodically– Direct subsidy provided for digitization and collection development based on # of
retention commitments that year– Annual subsidy rates and collection criteria set by a governance group
• Member libraries support certain local costs
Income sources:– Member fees– User fees– In kind
• Managed through institutional and individual accounts in the cloud service layer
Program Costs Local Costs
Program management
Collections Analysis• Planning• Group• Local? For archiving decisions?
Collection analysis•Local -for deselection and for “what to digitize next?”
Systems support/development• For collections analysis• For Cloud Service Layer• For account management, layer
Provide holdings records for planning and group analysis
Archive Creation• Validation• Gap filling (requests for holdings)• Disclosure (consolidated holdings)• Disclosure incentives rates
DisclosureDeselection
Shipping to fill gaps
Resource sharingDirect delivery by mail
Storage* Storage*
Digitization and Collection Development• Set thresholds and subsidy rates
Digitization and Collection Development
Research neededActuarial study to understand # of users, # libraries, # books at a time,
actual usage rate, fee options, to achieve viabilityMarket research into desired service parameters for direct delivery, #
books, feesAppropriate incentives and subsidies ($) for a bundle of services:
– Retention– Delivery by mail– Digitization– Collection development
Systems Development Options– Cloud Service Layer (D&D)– Financial Management Service Layer (user /institution accounts, incentive
payments)– Collection Analysis (ingest, normalization, data-mining, reporting, decision
management)
Thank you!
Emily StambaughShared Print ManagerCalifornia Digital LibraryUniversity of California, Office of the [email protected]://www.cdlib.org/services/collections/sharedprint/