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The Infancy Stage Began in 2000
Teacher Assistance Teams
Public Law 94-142
Team Members
School Psychologist
Social Worker
Regular Education Teacher
Special Education Teacher
The Infancy Stage Program was not successful at first
Today is incredibly successful
How can we analyze the growth of this program so we can LEARN from it as future educational leaders
The Tool: Four Frames Analysis
Structure
Cultural
Human Resource
Political
~Bolman and Deal 2007
Infancy Stage: Four Frames Analysis
Structure
Lack of real structure.
Focus on process rather than outcomes.
Data results not tied to instruction.
Program not built into school.
Human Resource
• Mixed Results lead to frustration and apathy
• Teachers as “independent contractors”
Political
• Data rich but information poor
• Teacher skepticism & lack of buy-in.
Cultural
• Lack of consensus and expectations.
Elementary Stage: Four Frames
Structure
Organizational Framework established
Focus on research
Guiding philosophy for process
Human Resource
• Teamwork around established goals
• Data Retreats
Political
• School board members invited to data retreats
• Board members as a source of data
Cultural
• Look towards research
• Emphasis on “best practice”
Adolescent Stage: Four Frames
Structure
Strong shared school wide goals
Measurable Goals
Increased communication among all involve parties
Human Resource
• Teacher assistance to change: training in defined best practices
Political
• Power of success
• District and community buy-in.
Cultural
• Celebrating success
• focus of goal is embedded in school culture