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Making the most of what we’ve got why we need an Australian Creative Archive Jessica Coates Project Manager, Creative Commons Clinic April 2009 April 2009 CRICOS No. 00213J

Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

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The internet, digital recording devices and the ready availability of content production software have together drastically changed the creative landscape, making it easy for anyone, from every-day bedroom experimenters to professionals, to find and reuse content. As a result, linear models of knowledge and cultural production and commercialisation are rapidly being supplanted by more distributed, collaborative, user-generated and open networking models. In this context the ability to create, access and reuse digital content is paramount. Remixing, recycling and online distribution are integral to the digital environment’s creative capacity, and to the economic, educational and cultural benefits that it brings. Yet Australians have great difficulty gaining access to quality online content about their own culture and history. Unlike countries such as the US and UK, which have led the digital revolution and dominate online content, it is very difficult to locate Australian-specific content online that can be legally and safely viewed and re-used. This paper will follow the Venturous Australia recommendations to put forward an argument for increasing user rights to access and, most importantly, reuse government owned and public domain content held within Australia’s creative archives. Drawing on national and international examples, it will examine the limitations of the current mechanisms for accessing Australian content online and the benefits that could be gained in the fields of education, the creative industries and business innovation from allowing sharing, repurposing, remixing and reinterpretation of our national collections.

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Page 1: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

Making the most of what we’ve got why we need an Australian Creative Archive

Jessica CoatesProject Manager, Creative Commons Clinic

April 2009April 2009

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 2: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

The Problem • the internet makes

much more possible

• but only if we have material to work with

h d f A t li• v hard for Australians to find legal sources of local material for remixing

Page 3: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

The Problem • the internet makes

much more possible

• but only if we have material to work with

h d f A t li• v hard for Australians to find legal sources of local material for

Th S l tireuse The Solution• our national

collections have thecollections have the potential to fill this gap

• sure there are costs su e t e e a e costsfor digitising etc – but cheaper than creating this material fromthis material from scratch

Page 4: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

the traditional access modelthe traditional access model

• on-site access provided on a fair d li b i s/

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dealing basis

• ‘access’ charges for

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off-site access and re-use the material

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• everything decided case-by-case basis

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Page 5: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

the traditional access modelthe traditional access model

• on-site access provided on a fair d li b i s/

3437

8433

4/

dealing basis

• ‘access’ charges for inefficient, costly, inconsistent

/pho

tos/

proc

sila

s

off-site access and re-use the material

ww

w.fl

ickr

.com

/

• everything decided case-by-case basis

proc

sila

s, h

ttp://

wst

s an

yone

by

pcu

lture

exh

aus

Page 6: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

it’s already happeningit s already happening

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 7: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

it’s already happeningit s already happening

it’s still illegal to use most of this material - without going through the same cumbersome clearance processes

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 8: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

This is particularly p yfrustrating when the material is in

the public domain

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 9: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

when it’s in response to a specific inquiry

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 10: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

when they wantthey want to charge you for it

As is international archival practice, we charge usage fees on items that have been preserved by us. This, in a very small way is designed to help offset the costs ofa very small way, is designed to help offset the costs of obtaining, copying, preserving and storing the item.

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 11: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

or when it’s funded and owned by tax payers (and in the public domain and they want to charge you)(and in the public domain and they want to charge you)

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 12: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

why?why?

orphaned worksunder-rating the public domain

cost of copyright clearanceg p

politics with contributorscost of digitisation risk aversion

control

l k f ti

protection of revenue streams

asset tracking lack of expertiseasset tracking

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 13: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

Powerhouse MuseumPowerhouse Museum• identified ‘easy’• Flickr Commons –

initially released 200 photographs, now

1500

identified easy material – public domain, new acquisitions andover 1500

• ‘Play’ worksheets available under CC

acquisitions and material owned by PHM

• examined business• encouraged CC for

‘photo of the day’

• examined business models, to see when OA was appropriate

• collection descriptions and data under CC

• teamed with an existing programs (educational

Woman holding decorated bicycle, Phillips Glass Plate Negative Collection, Powerhouse Museum, www.powerhousemuseum.com/collection/database/collection=Phillips_Glass_Plate_Negative

workshops) and providers (Flickr)

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 14: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

PHM benefitsPHM benefits• 20x increased visitation of O

penIm

aghttp:

material• valuable tagging and comments

promotion

n Licensing and thge Services, Pow

e://w

ww

.archimuse

• promotion • innovation• research

he Future for Colle

erhouse Museum

, S.com

/mw

2009/pap

• community engagement• discoveries

ections, Paula Bray

Sydney, Australia pers/bray/bray.htm

• partnerships• reduced costs for Australian

community (particularly

y, Manager

ml

ti l th b fitcommunity (particularly schools)

• didn’t hurt sales

promotional + other benefits ~ neutral effect on sales = net +ve $

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 15: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

don’t just believe medon t just believe me[To] Foster creativity in the development, 1. Resources should be made available for

l th i j tifi bl h use and application of the Internet, through policies that . . . make public sector information and content, including scientific data, and works of cultural heritage

reuse unless there is a justifiable reason why they should not.2. The reuse of resources should be as unconstrained as possible. For example,

h ld b d il bl f

To the maximum extent practicable, information,

more widely accessible in digital format.- OECD Seoul Declaration

resources should be made available for commercial reuse as well as non-commercial reuse wherever possible.3. The range of permitted uses of resources h ld b id ibl f l research and content funded by Australian

governments – including national collections –should be made freely available over the internet as part of the global public commons.

should be as wide as possible, for example, including the right to modify the resource and produce derivative works from it.

- Common Information Environmentp g p

– Venturous Australia Report

As a guiding principle, information produced by public entities in all branches and at all levels

There is the potential to release huge quantities of information for re-use by innovators in SMEs, the third sector and even big business Public information does not public entities in all branches and at all levels

should be presumed to be available to the public- UNESCO Policy Guidelines for the Development and Promotion of Governmental Public Domain Information

big business. . . Public information does not belong to Government, it belongs to the public on whose behalf government is conducted

- UK Power of Information Taskforce Report

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 16: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

so what should we do?so what should we do?

Institution• review licensing policies –

Sector• develop policies in favour

bias towards OA• identify ‘easy’ material

of OA – for all gov• joint lobbying strategies –

t i i t h t’• explore new business models – eg premium printsl k t ibl

tying access into what’s hot (broadband, education clean feed etc)• look at possible

partnerships with existing services – eg for cost

education, clean feed etc)• would we have more

success develop a jointservices – eg for cost reduction, increased profile

success develop a joint archive?

CRICOS No. 00213J

Page 17: Jessica Coates (Creative Commons Clinic, Queensland University of Technology) – 'Making the most of what we’ve got – why we need an Australian Creative Archive’

ThanksThanks

http://www.cci.edu.aup

http://www.creativecommons.org.au

[email protected]

Unless otherwise noted, this slide show is licensed under a Creative Commons Australia Attribution li F i f ti htt // ti /li /b /2 5/ /licence. For more information see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/au/.

CRICOS No. 00213J