ChinaChina

Imperialism, DevelopmentImperialism, Development

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ConfucianismConfucianism Name of Confucian teachings:Name of Confucian teachings:

AnalectsAnalects 5 relationships of society:5 relationships of society:

Ruler and ruledRuler and ruled Father and sonFather and son Older brother and younger brotherOlder brother and younger brother Friend and friendFriend and friend Husband and wifeHusband and wife

Review Chapter 15Review Chapter 15 ConfucianismConfucianism

Filial pietyFilial piety: the duty and respect that : the duty and respect that children owe their parentschildren owe their parents

How is Confucianism a good basis for How is Confucianism a good basis for government and society?government and society? How could there be problems with How could there be problems with

Confucianism?Confucianism?

DaoismDaoism DaoDao: the way: the way According to Daoism, how should people According to Daoism, how should people

live?live? LegalismLegalism

According to this way of thinking, how to According to this way of thinking, how to people naturally live?people naturally live?

What ensures order in a society?What ensures order in a society?

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Where have soldiers traditionally ranked Where have soldiers traditionally ranked in the Chinese social classes?in the Chinese social classes?

DynastiesDynasties Shi Huangdi and uniting the empireShi Huangdi and uniting the empire

The Great WallThe Great Wall Qin dynastyQin dynasty

Silk Road and civil service examsSilk Road and civil service exams Han, Tang, and Song dynastiesHan, Tang, and Song dynasties Mongol invasionMongol invasion

Ming and Qing dynastiesMing and Qing dynasties

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Before and AfterBefore and After

ImperialismImperialism During the age of imperialism, the Qing During the age of imperialism, the Qing

dynasty declined and the Industrial dynasty declined and the Industrial Revolution increased the strength of Revolution increased the strength of European nationsEuropean nations

Great Britain wanted to get involved with Great Britain wanted to get involved with ChinaChina British began trading opium in ChinaBritish began trading opium in China The Chinese became addictedThe Chinese became addicted

ImperialismImperialism

ImperialismImperialism

Opium WarsOpium Wars The Chinese government asked Great The Chinese government asked Great

Britain to stop the tradeBritain to stop the trade The British refusedThe British refused

ImperialismImperialism

ImperialismImperialism Opium WarsOpium Wars

European victoryEuropean victory Superior military technologySuperior military technology

ImperialismImperialism Opium WarsOpium Wars

Treaty of NanjingTreaty of Nanjing: ended the Opium wars: ended the Opium wars The Chinese were forced to accept British The Chinese were forced to accept British

terms of surrenderterms of surrender Spheres of influenceSpheres of influence: areas in which a foreign country : areas in which a foreign country

has special economic privilegeshas special economic privileges

ImperialismImperialism

Reform in ChinaReform in China The Chinese wanted reform, with the The Chinese wanted reform, with the

hopes of kicking other nations out of hopes of kicking other nations out of ChinaChina Learn the western way of life to control Learn the western way of life to control

foreignersforeigners

Rebellions and unrest lasted for half a Rebellions and unrest lasted for half a centurycentury Many were supportive of reform, others Many were supportive of reform, others

resisted itresisted it

Reform in ChinaReform in China The Boxer RebellionThe Boxer Rebellion::

Part of a movement known as Part of a movement known as the “Righteous and the “Righteous and Harmonious Society Harmonious Society Movement”Movement”

Fought against foreign Fought against foreign influence in Chinainfluence in China The rebellion was easily crushed The rebellion was easily crushed

by a coalition of foreign armiesby a coalition of foreign armies

IndependenceIndependence China became a republic in 1911 China became a republic in 1911

(western reform)(western reform)

DevelopmentDevelopment Communist ChinaCommunist China

Mao ZedongMao Zedong, leader of the Chinese , leader of the Chinese Communist party from 1931-1959Communist party from 1931-1959

Communism (Karl Marx)Communism (Karl Marx) To become a communist nation, it must To become a communist nation, it must

happen naturallyhappen naturally

DevelopmentDevelopment

By 1949, Mao was encouraging farmers By 1949, Mao was encouraging farmers and peasants to rebel against the and peasants to rebel against the current Chinese governmentcurrent Chinese government

ProletariatProletariat: lower working class: lower working class Appeal of Mao Zedong’s CommunismAppeal of Mao Zedong’s Communism

1.1. Appealed to the poorAppealed to the poor2.2. Promised to end oppression by the governmentPromised to end oppression by the government3.3. Denounced imperialismDenounced imperialism4.4. Vowed to make China a leading world powerVowed to make China a leading world power

DevelopmentDevelopment

Corruption in the communist governmentCorruption in the communist government Totalitarian stateTotalitarian state: government controls every : government controls every

aspect of its citizens’ lives through a aspect of its citizens’ lives through a dictatorshipdictatorship

““The Great Leap Forward”The Great Leap Forward”

DevelopmentDevelopment

Under Mao, China Under Mao, China restored order and ended restored order and ended foreign influenceforeign influence Mao died in 1976Mao died in 1976

DevelopmentDevelopment

Mao’s successors attempted to follow Mao’s successors attempted to follow his example in making China a world his example in making China a world power:power:

Four ModernizationsFour Modernizations1.1. Modernize agricultureModernize agriculture2.2. Expand industryExpand industry3.3. Develop science and technologyDevelop science and technology4.4. Upgrade China’s militaryUpgrade China’s military

DevelopmentDevelopment

In making China a world power, they In making China a world power, they have sacrificed some of Mao’s utopian have sacrificed some of Mao’s utopian communist idealscommunist ideals

Growing discontent led to the Growing discontent led to the Tiananmen Tiananmen Square ProtestsSquare Protests (1989) (1989) Students gathered to protest for libertyStudents gathered to protest for liberty The government’s army killed or wounded The government’s army killed or wounded

thousandsthousands

DevelopmentDevelopment

China TodayChina Today

The media exposure of the 1989 freedom The media exposure of the 1989 freedom protests put pressure on the Chinese protests put pressure on the Chinese government to reformgovernment to reform China has been more lenient with its China has been more lenient with its

economyeconomy Modern computer technologyModern computer technology Better relations with other countriesBetter relations with other countries

China has modernized and become a China has modernized and become a leading world powerleading world power

Still, the Chinese people lack many Still, the Chinese people lack many freedoms of the people in other nationsfreedoms of the people in other nations

But, much of the world is not helping…But, much of the world is not helping…

China TodayChina Today

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Qing dynasty was the last Chinese Qing dynasty was the last Chinese dynasty before imperialismdynasty before imperialism

Opium WarsOpium Wars Half a century of rebellionHalf a century of rebellion

Boxer RebellionBoxer Rebellion Mao Zedong and Communist ChinaMao Zedong and Communist China

Appeal of communism, why it has failed in Appeal of communism, why it has failed in some respectssome respects

China is modernizing and changingChina is modernizing and changing

VocabularyVocabulary Opium Wars, spheres of influence, Boxer Opium Wars, spheres of influence, Boxer

Rebellion, Mao Zedong, proletariat, Rebellion, Mao Zedong, proletariat, totalitarian state, Great Leap Forward, Four totalitarian state, Great Leap Forward, Four Modernizations, Tiananmen Square ProtestsModernizations, Tiananmen Square Protests

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