How do objects move?

- It is the change in the position (Location)

Motion

Types of motion

Up and down motion

Ex. See sawStraight line

motion

Round and round motionEx. Merry go

round

Zigzag motion

Back and forth motion

Ex. Swing

How can we measure motion?- Motion can be fast or low.

Distance

-It is how far an object is from one position to another.

- Measured by: Ruler & Measuring tape

- Units: Cm, meters & kilometers.

Time- Units: seconds, minutes , hours, days, years.

Speed-It is the distance an object moves in a certain time.

Speed = Distance/Time

Any type of push & pull

Force

Things that affect motion of an object

1- The strength of the force:

Toss ball gently it will be near

Toss ball hard it will be far

- Pushing the table to the right.

- Pulling the drawer out.

- Pushing the stroller to the left.

2- The direction of the force:

- It is the amount of material in an object.

Small mass is easy to moveBig mass is harder to move

{It is easier to push an empty shopping cart than to push a full one}

3- The mass of the object:

- It is the kind of force that stops or slows things down.{It prevents us from slipping or falling down}

- It is caused when two objects rub together.

Friction

Examples1) Friction between the tires of a car & the

road.

2) Friction between the bottom of your sneakers & the ground.

3) Friction between the brakes of the bicycle & the bicycle wheels.

4) Friction between the train Wheels & rails

Increasing / Decreasing friction

• Ice & water make surfaces slippery, this decrease the friction.{This why skaters can slide easily & smoothly}

• Tires of cars have rough surfaces to increase the friction between the road & the car preventing cars from slipping on an inclined plane.

• Lubricating “putting oil” to bicycles decrease friction & makes bicycles move faster.

• Lubricating doors decrease friction making doors easy to open & close

• It is the force that pull objects down towards the earth.

• As the mass of the object becomes larger, the force of gravity becomes stronger.

Gravity

Weight = Mass + Gravity

{Objects with large mass weigh more}

Weight