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Green building7th semesterUnit - 5BUILDING INFRASTRUCTURE: ACTIVE ENERGY SYSTEMS IN BUILDINGS, UTIL IT IES AND SERVICES, BUILDING AUTOMATION. ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SYSTEMS, L IFTS AND TRANSPORTATION, CAPTIVE POWER PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, OPERATION & MAINTENANCE .

Deepak Thapa (13)Chaitanya (12)Loknath (24)

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Active energy system in buildingPassive Solar Design A passive solar system does not involve mechanical devices. There is no use of conventional energy sources beyond that needed to regulate dampers and

other controls. Examples of basic passive solar structures are greenhouses, sunrooms and solariums, as the

sun's rays pass through the glass windows, the interior absorbs and retains the heat. Active Solar Design Active solar systems use external sources of energy to power blowers, pumps and other types of

equipment to collect, store and convert solar energy. Once energy from the sun is absorbed, it is stored for later use. Example are solar heater, solar panels ,photovoltaic cells.

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UTILITIES AND SERVICES

1) Water supply system2) Sanitary system.3) Electrical system.4) Lightening system.5) HVAC system

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Water supplyComponents of water supply1)Underground water tank2)Over head storage tank3)Pumps4)Taps5)Water heater6)Shower7)Jets8)Shower

Sanitary systemWaste water are classified into 3 classes1)Storm water(rain water)2)Sullage water3)Soil waste(wc)

Electrical systemElectricity are supplied in 4 phases 1)Generation2)Transmission3)Substation4)Distributer

Distribution system in house are:1)Meter box 2)MCB3)Switches and socket 4Appliances

Lightening systemAppliances used of lightening are:1)LED bulb2)Incandescent bulb3)Florescent bulb4)Sodium vapor lamp5)Neon lamp 5)Halogen lamp

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Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning system

Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system perform heating / cooling for indoor building environment.

The HVAC system may also be responsible for providing fresh outdoor air to dilute interior airborne contaminants such as odors from occupants, volatile organic compounds (VOC’s) emitted from interior furnishings, chemicals used for cleaning, etc.

A properly designed system will provide a comfortable indoor environment year round when properly maintained.

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Function:1)Heating and cooling2)Maintaining humidity level3)Cleaning air4)Regulates air flow5)Pressurization

Use:1)Prevent contamination.2)Provide comfort working condition

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HVAC COMPONENTS

1)Air conditioners 2)AHUs 3)Dehumidifiers/ Heater 4)Filters (Pre & HEPA) 5)Dust extractor 6)Ducting (for delivery of controlled air)

7)Supply fans 8)Smoke detectors 9)Damper 10)Humidity/Temp./ Pressure sensor

11)Heating & Cooling coils

Working of HVAC system

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Solar water heaterSWH systems are generally very simple using only sunlight to heat water.

A working fluid is brought into contact with a dark surface exposed to sunlight which heats the water.

The water being heated directly, also called a direct system, or it may be a heat transfer fluid such as a glycol/water mixture that is passed through some form of heat exchanger called an indirect system

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SOLAR WATER HEATER Components of Solar Water Heater

Solar Panels

Inverters

Electric Meter

Storage Tank

Connecting Pipes

Temperature Sensor

Circulating Pump

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Advantage of Solar Water Heater Simple to construct and install.

No or negligible running cost.

Almost free from maintenance.

It saves time and high grade form of electric energy.

Cost is low and economically competitive.

They are efficient. Approximately 80% radiation is turned into heat energy.

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Fire protection and equipment's Fire safety is a subject connected not only with human and property safety but is related with design of buildings and their services. Fire although a good friend of humanity, when it spreads un-controlled, in buildings can be vicious enemy resulting in heavy loss of property and lives.

Therefore fire protection measures, both in residential buildings and in commercial/ industrial complexes, have assumed a great role in recent years in our country.

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Class of fireClass AOrdinary combustibles or fibrous material, such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and some plastics.

Class BFlammable or combustible liquids such as gasoline, kerosene, paint, paint thinners and propane.

Class CEnergized electrical equipment, such as appliances, switches, panel boxes and power tools.

Class DCertain combustible metals, such as magnesium, titanium, potassium, and sodium.

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Fire fighting equipment

Extinguisher sprinklers Detector and alarm Hose reel

Terrace tankHydrant systemPumps

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Lift and TransportationA transporting equipment that efficiently moves people between levels of a building, vessel or other structure.Generally powered by electric motor that drive by traction cable and counterweight systems like a hoist or hydraulic pump.

Types of lift according to use:1)Trade Lift2)Hospital Lift3)Institution Lift4)Store Lift5)Cars LiftTypes of lift according to working:1)Electrical lift2)Hydraulic lift

Electric lift Hydraulic lift

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Captive power plantA captive power plant is a facility that provides a localized source of power to an energy user. These are typically industrial facilities or large offices. The plants may operate in grid parallel mode with the ability to export maximum power to the

local electricity distribution network. Alternatively they may have the ability to operate in island mode, which means independently of

the local electricity distribution system.

Benefits of captive power plants•Security of power supply through self-generation•Reduced costs through high fuel efficiency.•Improved environmental performance resulting from fuel efficiency

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Thanking

Deepak Thapa (13)Chaitanya (12)Loknath (24)