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What caused the rise of totalitarianism after WWI?
Totalitarianism = the political concept that the citizen should be totally
subject to an absolute state authority
Italy - Benito Mussolini
Italy - Benito Mussolini
FascismFascism
Definition: An aggressive nationalistic movement that considered the nation more important than the individual
Characteristics:Order in society only comes through a dictator with a strong government
Nations become great by building an empire
Anticommunist
Definition: An aggressive nationalistic movement that considered the nation more important than the individual
Characteristics:Order in society only comes through a dictator with a strong government
Nations become great by building an empire
Anticommunist
Invasion of Ethiopia (Abyssinia)
Invasion of Ethiopia (Abyssinia)
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Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
How did the treaty affect Germany?
How did the treaty affect Germany?
Economic Crisis Hyperinflation…Economic Crisis Hyperinflation…
Effects of hyperinflation…
Effects of hyperinflation…
“Town Shelter” by Kathe Kollwitz
“Town Shelter” by Kathe Kollwitz
1932: Enough! Vote Hitler!
1932: Enough! Vote Hitler!
Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party
Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party
The Spanish Civil War - Francisco Franco
The Spanish Civil War - Francisco Franco
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“The Abraham Lincoln Brigade”
“The Abraham Lincoln Brigade”
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Bombing of GuernicaBombing of Guernica
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Picasso’s “Guernica”Picasso’s “Guernica”
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Joseph Stalin and the USSR
Joseph Stalin and the USSR
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What is Communism?What is Communism?Definition: system of production for use based on public ownership of means of production and centralized planning, where each person is paid according to their abilities and needs.
Characteristics:capitalism -> socialism -> communism
classless societyindividual is second to society.
Definition: system of production for use based on public ownership of means of production and centralized planning, where each person is paid according to their abilities and needs.
Characteristics:capitalism -> socialism -> communism
classless societyindividual is second to society.
5 Year Plans5 Year Plans
Effort to industrialize the countryIncreased steel productionDecreased wagesCollectives: government-owned farms10 million peasants died in famines during 1932 and 1933
Internal terrorismConcentration camps - 2 million people in slave labor
Effort to industrialize the countryIncreased steel productionDecreased wagesCollectives: government-owned farms10 million peasants died in famines during 1932 and 1933
Internal terrorismConcentration camps - 2 million people in slave labor
Militarism in JapanMilitarism in Japan
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MilitarismMilitarism
Definition: a political orientation of a people or a government to maintain a strong military force and to be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests
http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=militarism
Characteristics: Claims military is most important aspect of the state
Continuous preparations for warCountry is run by the military
Definition: a political orientation of a people or a government to maintain a strong military force and to be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests
http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=militarism
Characteristics: Claims military is most important aspect of the state
Continuous preparations for warCountry is run by the military
Japan invades Manchuria
Japan invades Manchuria
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Anti-Comintern Pact and
Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis
Anti-Comintern Pact and
Rome-Berlin-Tokyo AxisJapan needed support from other fascist powers
Pact required Japan and Germany to exchange information about communist groups
1936: signed military agreement with Italy and Germany to form Axis Powers
Formally became allies in 1940
Japan needed support from other fascist powers
Pact required Japan and Germany to exchange information about communist groups
1936: signed military agreement with Italy and Germany to form Axis Powers
Formally became allies in 1940
DemocracyDemocracy
Definition: a form of government in which power is held directly or indirectly by citizens under a free electoral system
Characteristics:Majority rule/individual rightsBasic human rightsFree and fair electionsCitizenship - responsibilityRule of law
Definition: a form of government in which power is held directly or indirectly by citizens under a free electoral system
Characteristics:Majority rule/individual rightsBasic human rightsFree and fair electionsCitizenship - responsibilityRule of law
Political Systems in WWII
Political Systems in WWII
Type Definition Characteristics
fascism
militarism
communism
democracy
Emerging Dictatorships…
Emerging Dictatorships…
Country Leader Type of Dictatorship
Supporting Information
Italy
USSR
Germany
Japan
What Caused the Rise of Dictatorships?
What Caused the Rise of Dictatorships?
Versailles TreatyEconomic depressionSocial unrestDesperation for strong leadership
Nationalist sentimentsAnything else?
Versailles TreatyEconomic depressionSocial unrestDesperation for strong leadership
Nationalist sentimentsAnything else?
