Digital preservation activity

Digital Preservation Activity: Issues for the creation of a digital Europe

Dr Paul Ayris Director of UCL Library Services and UCL Copyright OfficerPresident of LIBER (Association of European Research Libraries)

[email protected]

Contents

1. The European Information Landscape2. Blue Ribbon Task Force on Economically-Sustainable

Digital Preservation3. LIBER and APARSEN4. LIFE project on digital preservation costing5. Next Steps

European Infrastructures6. Conclusions

Contents




VRE/VLE/ local web

Student/UCL Library systems

Social networking tools Google interface to Internet

Prescribed core readingsand textbooks

Localholdings

Paper and e-

External content subscribed and free

Research collaborations; Primary data; Group

project work; Learning interface

Pay fees; book residences;pay fines; see course andexam marks; see loans

information

Core textbooks (STM); Digital readings (AHSS)

Books/Journals/AV/Digital Collections

and Archives

YouTube, FaceBook, Flickr Global resources - free E-Journals, E-Books, mass digitisation

Digital Preservation

Contents





US-UK Blue Ribbon Task Force on Economically-Sustainable Digital Preservation laid out the conditions that should prevail in order for the scholarly outputs of researchers to be digitally preserved for the long term

See http://www.jisc.ac.uk/brtf

A number of scenarios looked at the level of preparation of various communities to undertake digital preservation

Scholarly Discourse

Research Data

Commercially-owned Cultural Content

Collectively-produced Web Content

http://www.jisc.ac.uk/brtf


Academic libraries were amongst the best prepared of the stakeholders surveyed

US Film Industry, by contrast, was not

Jon Landau, the producer of Avatar, was honest in saying that no arrangements had been made for the digital preservation of his film

Not clear whose responsibility to undertake that work it was


Economically-sustainable digital preservation requires:

Recognition of the benefits of digital preservation on the part of key decision-makers

Incentives for the decision-makers to act in the public interest

A process for selecting digital materials for long-term preservation

Mechanisms to secure an ongoing, efficient allocation of resources to digital preservation activities

Appropriate governance of digital preservation activities


Scenarios: Scholarly Discourse

Recommendation 1

Libraries, scholars and professional societies should develop selection criteria for emerging digital genres in scholarly discourse, and prototype preservation and access strategies to support them

Recommendation 2

Publishers reserving the right to preserve should party with third- party archives or libraries to ensure long-term digital preservation


Recommendation 3

Scholars should consider granting non-exclusive rights to publish and preserve, to enable decentralized and distributed preservation of emerging scholarly discourse

Recommendation 4

Libraries should create a mechanism to organise and clarify their governance issues and responsibilities to preserve monographs and emerging scholarly discourse along lines similar to those for e-journals


Recommendation 5

All open-access strategies that assume the persistence of information over time must consider provisions for the funding of preservation


Scenarios: Research Data

Recommendation 1

Each domain, through professional societies or other consensus-making bodies, should set priorities for data selection, level of curation and length of retention

Recommendation 2

Funders should impose preservation mandates, when appropriate. When mandates are imposed, funders should also specify selection criteria, funds to be used, and responsible organizations to provide archiving



Recommendation 3

Funding agencies should explicitly recognize ‘data under stewardship’ as a core indicator of scientific effort and include this information in the standard reporting mechanisms

Recommendation 4

Preservation services should reduce preservation and archiving costs by leveraging economies of scale where possible



Recommendation 5

Agreements with third-party archives should stipulate processes, outcomes, retention periods, and handoff triggers

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APARSEN

30 partners, led by the Science and Technology Facilities Council

Envisaged Outcomes

Integration of the majority of the research activities in digital preservation within a common vision, terminology and evidence standard

Common agreement of the services needed for preservation, access and most importantly re-use of data holdings over the whole lifecycle

Embedding of legal and economic issues, including costs, governance issues and digital rights in digital preservation

Discipline of data curators with appropriate qualifications recognised across Europe, and well defined support services

LIBER and APARSEN

LIBER will look at the level of preparation in Europe to adopt the Blue Ribbon Task Force’s recommendations

Work package led by Austrian National Library / University of Patras

LIBER will survey key stakeholders with an interest in digital preservation 4 stakeholder categories

Research Data

Scholarly Discourse

Collectively-created Content

Commercially-owned Cultural Content

The National and International agencies category of stakeholders identified by the Blue Ribbon report will also be contacted

Result will be a comprehensive Report on the situation in Europe

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LIFE Collaboration between British Library and UCL

Developed a generic lifecycle costing formula (v2)See http://www.life.ac.uk/

http://www.life.ac.uk/

LIFE Model v2

Case Study 1: Burney Newspapers Curation costs for the British Library’s Burney

newspapers Burney Digital Collection and Legal Deposit Newspaper

Collection were used to obtain digital and analogue costs

Case Study 1: Burney Newspapers

Headline conclusion Same lifecycle model can be used to cost analogue AND digital

preservation

Too simplistic to say that digital preservation is cheaper that analogue preservationMore Studies needed

Case Study 2: SHERPA-LEAP Open Access repositories

SHERPA-LEAP is a consortium of Open Access repositories in London

Year 1 Repository Lifecycle costs per entity

Case Study 2: SHERPA-LEAP Open Access repositories

Variations in costings can be attributed to a number of factors Staff on different staffing grades Goldsmiths manages a large number of complex digital materials

and this raises the handling costs per object

After Year 1, main costs are associated with Preservation

Case Study 3: SHERPA-DP

Distributed Repository Environment For Digital Preservation of Content See http://www.sherpadp.org.uk/

Headline conclusion Costs of Digital Preservation do not vary significantly according to

quantities as automated processes have been established

Largest cost area was in Bit Stream preservation Included staff elements for system administration and technology

monitoring, as well as for storage provision

http://www.sherpadp.org.uk/

Case Study 3: SHERPA-DP

Summary of total costs from SHERPA-DP Case Study

Headline Repository Findings

SHERPA-DP Case Study shows that cost-effective 3rd

party digital preservation solution is possible for the UK Costing figures are not yet robust enough to allow generic

conclusions to be reachedMost libraries/repositories find it a challenge to undertake

lifecycle costings Digital Preservation is not yet embedded in the Higher

Education community

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EU Infrastructures

EU Consultation on Access to, and Preservation of, Scientific Information took place in Luxembourg on 31 May 2011

LIBER’s Statement is available at http://www.libereurope.eu/news/llber- statement-at-the-public-hearing-on-access-to-and-preservation-of- scientific-information-l

Statement covers:

Open Access

Copyright reform


Fair dealing exemptions should also cover format shifting to allow libraries and memory institutions to preserve digitally for the long term the digital content that European researchers use and need

EU will be consulting further with a view to issuing an EU Directive

http://www.libereurope.eu/news/llber-statement-at-the-public-hearing-on-access-to-and-preservation-of-scientific-information-l



EU Infrastructures

European research needs sustainable infrastructures for long-term access to digital materials

Key Questions to be addressed

Roles and Responsibilities

Does everyone need to undertake digital preservation, or can it be left to a chosen few?

What infrastructure is needed to deliver long-term access?

Who will pay?

How much will it cost?

How does copyright legislation at the EU and Member State level need to change?

EU Infrastructures

LIBER wishes to undertake a Study to Identify what provision currently exists for the digital preservation

of commercial e-journals, e-books and European cultural content Propose a solution for the creation of a sustainable digital

preservation service to solve these issues for European researchers, including the high-level technical requirements of such a service

Evaluate possible technical solutions, based either on a single platform/service provider or on a series of networked, inter-linked platforms around Europe

EU Infrastructures

Define the licence models and legal framework in which such a service would operate

Identify whether such a service would best be run by one or more European institutions or be put out to contract to a commercial supplier

Identify the costs of developing such a solution for European researchers and the economic sustainability of such a service

Identify the roles and responsibilities of all relevant stakeholders for the provision of the service, including governance structures

E-DepotNetherlands

UK curation Node(s)

German curationNode(s)

Other curationNode(s)

Registry 1 Registry 2 Registry 3 Registry etc.

Consolidated Registry fromPartners

Users

Ideal European architecture for Digital Preservation infrastructure

Conclusions

European Information landscape needs to be underpinned by long- term access to its resources

Blue Ribbon Task Force has defined what needs to be in place for economically-sustainable digital preservation to exist and has made recommendations

To be tested in Europe by LIBER in APARSEN

Projects such as LIBER’s LIFE project have identified tools and costs for digital preservation

Infrastructure to deliver sustainable digital pan-European preservation services is now required

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