Enhancing Professional Practice: A Framework for TeachingBy Charlotte DanielsonAn

Introduction

for New

Teachers

Overview

0Four Domains0 Planning and Preparation0 Classroom Environment0 Instruction0 Professional Responsibilities

0Each Domain contains 5-6 distinct Components0Each Component contains 2-5 Essential Elements

Why have a Framework?

0Defines expertise and procedures0Distinguishes novice from advanced teachers0Communicates professionalism to t he broader

community0Develops a common language for professional

conversations (What is good teaching?)0Provides a tool for self assessment

Current Teaching Standards

0NCATE – National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education

0 IPTS – Illinois Professional Teaching Standards0 INTASC – Interstate New Teacher Assessment and

Support Consortiuum 0 See Comparison, page 8-9

Using the Frameworks

0Higher Ed – Preparing New Teachers0PreK-12

0 Recruiting & Hiring0 Focusing School Improvement Efforts0 Communicating with the Larger Community

0Our New Teacher Learning Team0 Road Map for Novice Teachers0 Guidance for More Experienced Teachers

Domain 1: Planning & Preparation

a) Demonstrating Knowledge of Content & Pedagogy

b) Demonstrating Knowledge of Studentsc) Setting Instructional Outcomesd) Demonstrating Knowledge of Resourcese) Designing Coherent Instructionf) Designing Student Assessments

Domain 2: The Classroom Environment

a) Creating an Environment of Respect & Rapport

b) Establishing a Culture for Learningc) Managing Classroom Proceduresd) Managing Student Behaviore) Organizing Physical Space

Domain 3: Instruction

a) Communicating with Studentsb) Using Questioning & Discussion Techniquesc) Engaging Students in Learningd) Using Assessment in Instructione) Demonstrating Flexibility & Responsiveness

Domain 4: Professional Responsibilitiesa) Reflecting on Teachingb) Maintaining Accurate Recordsc) Communicating with Familiesd) Participating in a Professional Communitye) Growing and Developing Professionallyf) Showing Professionalism

Interrelatedness of Domains & Components

0Teachers should not be expected to perform all of these in isolation from one anotherTake (3b) for example: A teacher skilled at questioning

would also need to • know their content (1a), • know her students (1b), • have established an atmosphere of respect & rapport (2a), • and have established routines, etc. (2c),

in order to pose appropriate questions & for kids to be comfortable responding to those questions

Common Themes

0Equity “Equal” & “Equitable” are not the same in a classroom“A commitment to excellence is not complete without a

commitment to equity.” (p. 32)• Equal opportunities for stimulating academic achievement• Additional support for those traditionally underserved

Common Themes

0Cultural CompetenceTeachers must remain aware of and respectful to

students’ cultures and backgrounds. Materials & examples employed must not refer to

items/traditions unfamiliar to students without full explanations

Common Themes

0High ExpectationsBeware of Self-fulfilling PropheciesCommunicate & Cultivate an expectation of high yet

achievable expectations for each childHigh expectations are grounded in clear and open

standards for achievementEmbedded in this is the culture of hard work &

perseverance

Common Themes

0Developmental AppropriatenessHow student understand a concept is influenced by their

cognitive structures at the time they are introduced to it. (p. 34)• Know where your students are• Meet them at their level • Provide experiences to appropriately challenge them to

grow

Common Themes

0Attention to Individual Students, including those with special needsSkilled teachers design activities that are challenging on

a number of different levels simultaneously (p. 35)

Common Themes

0Appropriate Use of TechnologyTechnology = Tools Not every child has access to technology toolsKnowing concepts is important, Knowing how to select

& use tools related to those concepts is also (equally?) important

Staying abreast of technology developments is very important to a teacher’s professional development

Common Themes

0Student Assumptions of ResponsibilityPart of being in charge is to enlist student energy in

ensuring the success of the entire classProficient teachers guide student energies into

meaningful learning experiencesTeachers should recognize & use student contributions

to produce knowledgeThe hallmark of a community of learners is that every

individual is highly engaged and invested in an endeavor (p. 38)