Creating Order Out of the Chaos

NISO Content Distribution

Standards

Todd Carpenter, Executive Director, NISOCouncil of Science Editors Confernce

May 20, 2012

@TAC_NISO Twitter Highlights

• So excited about this panel on reducing chaos at #CSE2012 today

• Very funny & convenient @TAC_NISO pre-tweeted presentation. Slides to come! #CSE2012

• #NISO = 1/3 Publishers, 1/3 Libraries, 1/3 automation vendors - where communities converge to develop standards #CSE2012

• ISO standards community is complex - lots of players. Weird numbering scheme. #NISO manages identifiers subcommittee #CSE2012

• Key Elements of Identification: Referent (thing that is ID’d), the identifier (string identifying referent) & metadata (describes the attributes of the thing) #CSE2012

• Are 2 copies of @The_Economist the same thing? Yet they have the same #ISSN More to IDs than just the classification. #functionalgranularity #standards #CSE2012

• More information about Journal Archiving Tag Suite JATS - http://bit.ly/KoqIJ9

• More information about #NISO PIE-J project: http://www.niso.org/workrooms/piej #CSE2012

• More information about #NISO Supplemental Matierals project: http://www.niso.org/workrooms/supplemental #CSE2012

• More information about #NISO KBART project: http://www.niso.org/workrooms/kbart #CSE2012

• More information about #NISO SERU project: http://www.niso.org/workrooms/seru #CSE2012

• Earlier this week, there was a great meeting in Boston on scholarly authorship. Check out #scholarlyattrib #cse2012

• More information about ORCID project is at http://about.orcid.org or follow @ORCID_Org

• Slides will be posted to SlideShare

Image: DanTaylor Image: : Joel Washing

Standards are familiar, even if you don’t notice

The Community

• Non-profit industry trade association accredited by ANSI

• Mission of developing and maintaining technical standards related to information, documentation, discovery and distribution of published materials and media

• Volunteer driven organization: 400+ spread out across the world

About

• ISSN

• Paper Permanence

• RFID in Libraries

• OpenURL

• DOI

• SUSHI

• KBART

• SERU

Where the library, publishing and automation suppliers converge

Greatest focus on interoperability

NISO Portfolio

NISO’s Community

35 % Publishers/Publishing Organizations !

32% Libraries/Library Organizations !

36 LSA Members !(non-voting) !

33% Library Systems Suppliers, Publishing Vendors & Intermediaries !

ISO !

ANSI !

Other SDOs !

Actively participate internationally with ISO, EDItEUR, IFLA, ICSTI, International STM Association, CODATA,

UK Serials Group, LIBER, Standards Australia, IETF, ISO Registration Authorities

NISO Internationally

Technical Committee (TC) 46 Information & Documentation

Subcommittees (SC): 4 – Systems Interoperability

8 – Performance Measurement 9 – Identification & Description

11 – Records Management

NISO manages the Secretariat of ISO TC 46, SC 9

• EDItEUR - ONIX, EDI, ARROW

• Book Industry Study Group - BISAC

• IDEAlliance - Magazine industry, PRISM

• Library of Congress - MARC, PREMIS, SRU/SRW

• ALA - AACR2, RDA

• W3C - html5, CSS3, mobile

• IDPF - EPUB, E-books

• OASIS - XML Standards

• IMSGlobal - Learning Management Systems

Other Standards Organizations

Key Concepts in Standardization

The thing being identified

The Referent

The string identifying the referent

The Identifier

The data that describes the referent

The Metadata

• Identifiers can be but are not necessarily names (often better if they aren’t)

• IDs can be but need not be human-readable. They also may or may not be human understandable.

• Metadata describe attributes of the referent

• Not every attribute need be described

An ID & its metadata

Functional Granularity

You ID an item at the level at which it makes sense for your business

needs to identify that item

Functional Granularity

A lesson in functional granularity

How do these things apply in my life?

Journal-specific standards

Presentation and Identification of

E-Journals

PIE-J

JATS: Journal Article Tag Suite

(formerly NLM DTD)

Journal Article Supplemental Materials

Project

Indexed Discovery Services

NISO Open Discovery

initiative

Shared Electronic Resource

Understanding (SERU)

Issues we are facing (or about to face)

with journals standards

Authorship-----

Disambiguation

Contributorship Roles

Increasingly, scientific breakthroughs will be powered by advanced computing capabilities that help researchers manipulate and explore massive datasets.

Large Scale Data-Driven Science

Image: Walters Art Museum Image: Domenico, Caron, Davis, et al.

Science data isn’t what it used to be

We all know how to cite something, right?

Source: Citations for SEER Databases !

Source: Global Land Cover Facility!

Source: International Polar Year !

Source: ICPSR!

Source: The Economist !

How do you cite a data set in a journal?

Thank you!

Todd Carpenter, Executive Directortcarpenter@niso.org

National Information Standards Organization (NISO)One North Charles Street, Suite 1905

Baltimore, MD 21201 USA+1 (301) 654-2512

www.niso.org