Cognitive Modelling of Thinking Strategies

Prepared by: Deah Grace Galas

What are “THINKING STRATEGIES”?

-mental scripts used in active learning

What is “COGNITIVE MODELLING”?

-thinking aloud to demonstrate a particular

thinking strategy-sparked by simply

realization

What is “STRATEGY INSTRUCTION”? -powerful student-

centered approach to teaching that is backed by years of quality research

- the essence of strategy instruction is intentional, frequent repetition of the strategy phrases, and intentional, frequent cuing of students to use the strategy phrases

Features:

• Engagement

• Scaffolding and Fading

• Reciprocity

• Cooperative Learning

What is “ENGAGEMENT”?

-focused attention to the learning task at hand

What is “SCAFFOLDING”?

was developed as a metaphor to describe the type of assistance offered by a teacher or peer to support

learning.

What is “FADING”?

the teacher helps the student master a task or concept that the student is initially unable to grasp independently. The teacher offers assistance with only those skills that are beyond the student’s capability. Of great importance is allowing the student to complete as much of the task as possible, unassisted. The teacher only attempts to help the student with tasks that are just beyond his current capability. When the student takes responsibility for or masters the task, the teacher begins the process of “fading”, or the gradual removal of the scaffolding, which allows the student to work independently.

What is “RECIPROCITY”?

-opportunity for students to influence the teacher’s thinking and one another’s thinking, as well as to be influenced.

What is “Cooperative Learning”?

-is a method of instruction that has students working together in groups, usually with the goal of completing a specific task.

Elements of Cooperative Learning:

Positive Interdependence

Individual Accountability

Equal Participation

Simultaneous Participation

Positive Interdependence

Interactions structured in ways that students come to rely on their

peers in positive ways

Individual Accountability

Each student is, however,

responsible for his or her own learning.

Equal Participation

All students are actively involved in the interactions for the same amount of

time