CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERSTeLA2010 Beijing

Role PlayRole Play

TO BE IMPROVED

The logic sequence of this ppt and the content should be enhanced. Some sentences should be more concise.

More figures, less words The development of coal. Clean coal, price, and

etc. The logic figures

The data should be added with citations. List a table and compare the conditions,

policies and laws that promote clean coal TT and block it.

WHY FOCUS ON COAL?WHY FOCUS ON COAL?

China major producer of CO2

Coal major source of energy75%

Large scope for improvement

CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGYCLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY

CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGYCLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY

Coal Washing Process Diagram BBC news, Clean Coal technology,

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4468076.stm

CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGYCLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY

IGCC process BBC news, Clean Coal technology,

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4468076.stm

ADVANCED AND COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY– IGCC

ADVANCED AND COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY– IGCC

INTEGRATED GASTIFICATION COMBUSTION CYCLE

TERMSTERMS

CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY IN CHINACLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA

3 Categories1. Commercial technologies Chinese

firms have significant capacityBasic coal washing technologies well-established

Coal BriquettingCoal Combustion Technology

2. Commercial technologies that can be transferred

Improve performance of power station

Example: Fluidised bed boilers, supercritical boilers

CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY IN CHINACLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA

3. Technologies still being developedPressurised fluidised bedsIGCC

CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY IN CHINACLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA

DEFINITION OF TTDEFINITION OF TT

ISSUES FACED IN CLEAN COAL TTISSUES FACED IN CLEAN COAL TT

GIVER—PERSONAL INTERESTGIVER—PERSONAL INTEREST

Personal Agenda: Maximise profitErosion of technological

positionLoss of revenueLicense technology

Example Shell’s coal gastification technology Fertiliser manufacture Retains manufacture and design of key component

RECEIVER—ECONOMIC: ELECTRICITY MARKETRECEIVER—ECONOMIC: ELECTRICITY MARKET

Pricing mechanism imbalancedCOAL PRICE

Market based

High

ELECTRICITY PRICE

Heavily Subsidised

Low

•Energy supply insecurity•Energy Waste•Environmental pollution•High cost for producer Profit margin squeezed•Local and foreign unwilling to produce

RECEIVER— ECONOMIC: ENERGY MARKETRECEIVER— ECONOMIC: ENERGY MARKET

Lack of open & competitive energy marketEnergy Law tighten control by

government“Big five” monopolises energy

productionPower transmission controlled by two

regional monopoliesNo incentive to be more efficient

RECEIVER— ECONOMIC: LIMITED INVESTMENT RESERVESRECEIVER— ECONOMIC: LIMITED INVESTMENT RESERVES

High transaction costs due to formalities and procedures

IGCC technologybest technology; high cost

Small plants being built (Nautilus Institute, 1999)

More easily financed Small, sub-critical PC powered plants

RECEIVER— POLITICAL: GOVERNMENT POLICIESRECEIVER— POLITICAL: GOVERNMENT POLICIES

Intellectual Property RightsReduce FDI

Government cost sharing programs insufficient

Foreign technology discriminating policies

Failure of international policiesWorld Bank $33million efficient industrial

boilersInternational boilers refuse to participate

RECEIVER— SOCIAL: MANAGERIAL PRACTICESRECEIVER— SOCIAL: MANAGERIAL PRACTICES

Chinese companies run plants inefficiently2 at half capacityNo culture of preventive maintenance

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Why coal technology?What is Clean Coal Technology?What is Technology TransferWhat are the problems of TT

GiverPersonal Interest

ReceiverPolitical, Economic, Social