Chapter 43 music appreciation

Chapter 43

43. The Many Voices of Rock

• Rock and Roll (1950s)• Origins in rhythm and blues,

country-western• Vocal genre• Form: Twelve-bar, 32-bar form• Driving rhythm

– Emphasis on backbeat• Crossed racial lines

The Enjoyment of Music 11th, Complete Edition


• Late 1950s, new teen idols

– Gentler, more lyrical style

– Bobby Darin, Paul Anka

• Soul: blend of gospel, pop, rhythm and blues

– Ray Charles, “father” of soul

– Sam Cooke, James Brown, Aretha Franklin

• Motown: First and most successful black-owned record label

– Represented soul music

– Diana Ross and the Supremes, Martha Reeves and the Vandellas,

Smokey Robinson and the Miracles



• 1960s revitalization• The Beatles

– Creative experiments– Complex harmonies

• The Rolling Stones– American RnB–“Bad boy” image

• California Bands– The Beach Boys– The Byrds

• Acid Rock


Dylan: Mr. Tambourine Man (1965)(Listening Guide)

• Four-verse/chorus folk song

• Raspy voice, acoustic guitar, harmonica

• Duple meter, no accented backbeat

• Text refers to loneliness or escape from life

• Accompanied by simple chords





• 1970s eclecticism• Art rock

– Large forms– Complex harmonies

• Jazz rock– Jazz– Blues– Rock

• Latin rock– Percussion instruments– Polyrhythms


43. The Many Voices of Rock• 1970s and 1980s sub-genres• West Coast rock

– Relaxed California sound– Eagles, Doobie Brothers

• British heavy metal– Influenced by Mahler and Wagner– Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath

• Glam rock– Showy, theatrical– David Bowie, Lou Reed

• Punk rock– Rebellious, simple repetitive– The Ramones, Sex Pistols


43. Rock and the Global SceneReactions to punk and heavy metals

• 1970s disco dance music

– Repetitive lyrics, sung in high range, thumping mechanical beat

– Bee Gees

• Reggae; Jamaican style, off-beat rhythms, chanted vocals

– Bob Marley and the Wailers, Black Uhurn

• New wave: Off shoot of punk rock with synthesizers, alienation, and

social consciousness

– Elvis Costello, Police, Blondie, the Talking Heads


43. The Many Voices of Rock• The 1980s and beyond• Development of music videos

– MTV premiered 1981• Superstars of the 1980s

– Michael Jackson, Bruce Springsteen, Prince, Madonna

• 1980s groups contributed to social causes

– U2• Rap emerged from hip hop

– Run DMC• Grunge Rock

– Pearl Jam, Nirvana



“Alternative” rock late 1990s: breadth of styles

• Beck: Combines hip hop, soul, country

• Björk: Icelandic style

• English: Radiohead


43. The Many Voices of RockCountry-Western music

• Origins in mountains of Appalachia• Country music songs tell a story, not often happy• Labeled “hillbilly” music in 1920s

– Early groups popularized “blue yodel” and steel guitar Carter Family, Jimmie Rodger– Hollywood and singing cowboys Gene Autry (Tumblin’ Tumbleweeds, 1936)– Nashville radio: The Grand Ol’ Opry Bluegrass debuted on The Grand Ol’ Opry – Traditional folk melodies, quick tempos, high vocal harmonies– Acoustic string band: violin, mandolin, guitar, five-string banjo, double bass Monroe Brothers, Lester Flatt, Earl Scruggs– Nashville Sound: Highly polished singers

Patsy Cline (Walkin’ after Midnight, 1957)


43. The Many Voices of RockCountry-Western Music

• 1950s: Electrified sound, honkytonk

– Hank Williams, Johnny Cash

• 1960s and ’70s

– Classic country music: Loretta Lynn, Merle Haggard

– Mainstream country: John Denver, Glen Campbell

– Country rock: Allman Brothers

• 1980s audience increased

– Country sound combined with pop songwriting

– Dolly Parton, Willie Nelson

• 1990s country music boom

– Garth Brooks, Shania TwainThe Enjoyment of Music 11th, Complete Edition

Education

Chapter 43 music appreciation