Chapter 4 Chapter 4 “Ancient “Ancient Greece”Greece”1900 BC-1900 BC-133 BC133 BC

Civilization ImprovesCivilization ImprovesWhat were the 6 What were the 6

characteristics of a civilization?characteristics of a civilization?How could our early How could our early

civilizations and empires civilizations and empires improve?improve?

Which of the 6 characteristics Which of the 6 characteristics are the most important for are the most important for continuing civilization?continuing civilization?

TimelineTimeline 1900 B.C.- 133 B.C.1900 B.C.- 133 B.C. 1900 B.C. Minoan 1900 B.C. Minoan Civilization Civilization (Beginning)(Beginning)

405 B.C. Athenian 405 B.C. Athenian Empire destroyed Empire destroyed (End)(End)

Greece: IntroductionGreece: Introduction

Geography of GreeceGeography of GreeceMountainous Mountainous peninsula & peninsula & numerous islandsnumerous islands

mountains & the sea mountains & the sea played significant played significant roles in developmentroles in development

The The Greece Greece

LandscaLandscapepe

The Impact of GeographyThe Impact of Geography

1. Mountains 1. Mountains isolated Greeksisolated Greeks

2. Fiercely 2. Fiercely independent independent communities communities developeddeveloped

The Impact of The Impact of GeographyGeography

3. Encouraged 3. Encouraged participation participation in political in political affairsaffairs

4. Rivalry Led 4. Rivalry Led to Warfareto Warfare

The Geography & History of The Geography & History of GreeceGreece

The Minoan CivilizationThe Minoan Civilization2700 - 1450 B.C.2700 - 1450 B.C.

Crete – Island Crete – Island palace complex of palace complex of KnossosKnossos

empire based on empire based on tradetrade

Palace of KnossosPalace of Knossos

MinoanMinoanPalacePalace

atatKnossosKnossos

Throne room atPalace ofKnossos

Minoan PalaceMinoan Palace

Minoan Bull JumpingMinoan Bull Jumping

SacredSacred

Minoan Minoan

BullBull

Minoans:Minoans:Destroyed by natural disaster and invaders

The Minoan The Minoan CivilizationCivilizationcatastrophic collapse catastrophic collapse

around 1450 B.C.around 1450 B.C.tidal wave or volcanic tidal wave or volcanic eruptioneruption

Invasion by Invasion by MycenaeansMycenaeans

The MycenaeansThe Mycenaeans 1600-1100 BC1600-1100 BC

MycenMycenaeae

MycenaeansMycenaeans

They descend They descend from the Indo-from the Indo-European familyEuropean family

First Great StateFirst Great State

MycenaeMycenae

Lion’s Lion’s Gate Gate

at at MycenMycen

aeae

Mycenae Mycenae TodayToday

Collapsed after a wave of InvadersCollapsed after a wave of Invaders

Greek Culture Greek Culture and Artand Art

What is a mosaic?What is a mosaic?

HomerHomerEpic poemEpic poem – a – a

long poem that long poem that tells the deeds tells the deeds of a great heroof a great hero

Examples: Examples: IliadIliad and the and the OdysseyOdyssey

IlliadIlliad = Story of a war = Story of a war between the Greeks and between the Greeks and TroyTroy

The purpose of the war The purpose of the war was to recover the most was to recover the most beautiful woman in the beautiful woman in the world: Helenworld: Helen

Homer’Homer’s s

OdysseOdysseyy

VIDEO: Odysseus Returns VIDEO: Odysseus Returns HomeHome

The Movie The Movie TroyTroyBased on Based on The IlliadThe Illiad

Brad Pitt Brad Pitt as Achillesas Achilles

Paris, a Trojan prince, kidnaps Helen, the wife of the king of Sparta.

The Mycenaean Greeks lay The Mycenaean Greeks lay siege to Troy for ten years, siege to Troy for ten years, finally taking the city with finally taking the city with the famous Trojan horse.the famous Trojan horse.

The The IliadIliad – focuses on the destruction & anger of the Greek hero Achilles.

Paris Paris & Helen& Helen

Helen of Helen of TroyTroy

“The face that “The face that launched 1,000 launched 1,000 ships”ships”

Homer – Fact or Homer – Fact or Fiction?Fiction?

Arete: Arete: The Greek word for The Greek word for ExcellenceExcellence

In Homer’s stories and In Homer’s stories and poems they were focused poems they were focused around the hero’s search around the hero’s search for Arete/Excellence.for Arete/Excellence.

agora--agora--marketplacemarketplace

The Heart of the CityThe Heart of the City

Acropolis--Acropolis--fortified hill fortified hill in center of the cityin center of the city

AcropolisAcropolis

AgoraAgora

AcropolisAcropolis

Center of Greek PolisCenter of Greek Polis