Book Presentation

Calendars in

the World

A calendar is a system of organizing days for social, religious, commercial, or administrative purposes. This is done by giving names to periods of time, typically days, weeks, months, and years.

Calendar

Egyptian calendar Buddhist calendar Jewish calendar Chinese calendar Hindu calendar Persian calendar Julian calendar Islamic calendar Gregorian Calendar Maya calendar

There were many calendars lengthwise of the history:

The ancient civil Egyptian calendar had a year that was 360 days long and was divided into 12 months of 30 days each, plus five extra days at the end of the year.

Egyptian calendar

Buddhist calendar

It is a lunisolar calendar having

months that are

alternately 29 and 30 days

Jewish calendarThe Jewish calendar is a lunisolar calendar used today predominantly for Jewish religious . In Israel, it is an official calendar for civil purposes and provides a time frame for agriculture.

Chinese calendar

This was introduced by the emperor Huang Di approximately in 2637 b. C.

The Persian calendar or Iranian calendar or the modern Iranian calendar (Solar Hejri) is the official calendar in Iran and Afghanistan. It begins on the vernal equinox.

Persian calendar

Julian calendarThe Julian calendar began in 45 BC as a reform of the Roman calendar by Julius Caesar.

Islamic calendarThe Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It was founded by Muhammad in 621.

Gregorian CalendarIt was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, substituting in 1582 to Julian calendar, used since Julius Caesar introduced it in 46 b. C.

The Maya calendar to consist in 3 different groups of time, that to elapse simultaneously: tzolkin of 260 days; haab with 365 days and the Long count.

Maya calendar

Haab’ months: names in glyphs in sequence

Seq. Num.

Name of month

Glyph example meaning Seq.

Num. Name of month

Glyph example meaning

1 Pop

mat 10 Yax

green storm

2 Wo'

black conjunction 11 Sak'

white storm

3 Sip

red conjunction 12 Keh

red storm

4 Sotz'

bat 13 Mak

enclosed

5 Sek

watering time 14 K'ank'in

yellow sun

6 Xul

dog 15 Muwan'

owl

7 Yaxk'in'

new sun 16 Pax

planting time

8 Mol

water 17 K'ayab

turtle

9 Ch'en

black storm 18 Kumk'u

granary

19 Wayeb'

five unlucky days

CURIOSITIES