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Chapter 3: Chapter 3: Building Vocabulary: Building Vocabulary: Using Context Clues Using Context Clues Essential Reading Skills Essential Reading Skills Third Edition Third Edition Kathleen McWhorter Kathleen McWhorter

Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

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Page 1: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Chapter 3:Chapter 3:Building Vocabulary: Building Vocabulary: Using Context CluesUsing Context Clues

Chapter 3:Chapter 3:Building Vocabulary: Building Vocabulary: Using Context CluesUsing Context Clues

Essential Reading SkillsEssential Reading Skills

Third EditionThird Edition

Kathleen McWhorterKathleen McWhorter

Page 2: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

What is Context?

Example: Tony noticed that the wallabies at the zoo looked like kangaroos.

Example: Many people have phobias, such as fear of heights, a fear of water, or a fear of confined spaces.

Page 3: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Types of Context Clues

1. Definition Clues2. Synonym Clues3. Example Clues4. Contrast Clues5. Inference Clues

Page 4: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Definition Clues • Writers define a word right after

they use it. • They use words and phrases such

as: means is refers to are called

Page 5: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Example of Definition Clues

Corona refers to the outermost part of the sun’s atmosphere.

Corona refers to the outermost part of the sun’s atmosphere.

Page 6: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Synonym Clues

•Writers provide a synonym or brief phrase to define the word or that is similar to the new word.

•The synonym can appear in the same sentence, in an earlier sentence, or later sentence.

Page 7: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Example #2 of Synonym Clues

Betsy took a break from teaching to serve in the Peace Core. Despite the hiatus, Betsy’s school was delighted to rehire her when she returned.

Betsy took a break from teaching to serve in the Peace Core. Despite the hiatus, Betsy’s school was delighted to rehire her when she returned.

Page 8: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Example Clues

•Writers often include examples to help explain a word.

•Examples can be introduced with words such as: like, such as, for example, or including.

Page 9: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Example of Example Clues

In the past month, we have had almost every type of precipitation, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

In the past month, we have had almost every type of precipitation, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

Page 10: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Contrast Clues

•You can determine the meaning of an unknown word from an antonym — a word or phrase that has the opposite meaning.

•Examples can be introduced with words such as but, though, and whereas.

Page 11: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Example of Contrast CluesAlthough Liz felt sad and depressed,

most of the graduates were elated.

Although Liz felt sad and depressed, most of the graduates were elated.

Page 12: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Inference Clues•Inference is used to figure

out the meaning of an unknown word by using logic and reasoning skills.

Page 13: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Example of Inference Clues

On hot, humid summer afternoons, I often feel languid.

On hot, humid summer afternoons, I often feel languid.

Page 14: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Try this one!

The quarterback sustained numerous injuries: a fractured wrist, two broken ribs, and a hip injury.

• Definition Clue?• Synonym Clue?• Example Clue?• Contrast Clue?• Inference Clue?

Page 15: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

Try this one!

The quarterback sustained numerous injuries: a fractured wrist, two broken ribs, and a hip injury.

We can tell that the football player had many injuries since the author lists them. Another way to say this is “experienced” numerous injuries.

Page 16: Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

So, remember…the first thing you should do when you don’t know a word is

to look at the words around it for clues to unlock the meaning!!