Interaction in the Ecosystem

Review: Classify the organisms according to the kingdom where they belong:

Kingdom Plantae

Kingdom Monera

Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Animalia

Objectives:• Describe how living things interact with

each other;• Make a chart that shows the

relationship among living things;• Realize the importance of maintaining

harmonious relationship with each other.

“And so we know and rely on the love God has for us. God is love. Whoever lives in love lives in God, and God in him.”

1 John 4:16

Having a good and harmonious relationship is important to maintain peace and order in the society.

Relationship among Living Things• Predation• Competition• Cooperation• Symbiosis

a. Mutualismb. Parasitismc. Commensalism

Predation• A stronger organism called the predator eats the weaker

organism called the prey.

PredatorPrey

Predator Prey

Competition• Some living things have the same need that is

why they used to fight each other.

Intraspecific Competition- involves organisms of the same kind/species.

Interspecific Competition- involves organisms among different species. (competition in a community)

Lioness and hyenas fighting for food

Cooperation• Some organisms help one another for higher

chance of survival.

Ants are helping one another to protect and sustain their colony.

Symbiosis• An interaction that involves two

different kinds of organism, where one is benefited while the other may be benefited, harmed or unaffected.• Examples are mutualism, parasitism

and commensalism.

MutualismThe two organisms are benefited.

Butterfly drinks nectar from flowers.Butterfly helps

the flowers in pollination.

Ants protect aphids from predator

Aphids give food to ants.

Ants and Aphids

Parasitism

• One organism is benefited (parasite) , the other is harmed (host).

Man is the host.

Leech is the parasite.

Parasitism

Ectoparasitism- parasites are found outside the host’s

body

Endoparasitism- parasites are found

inside the host’s body

Commensalism

One organism is benefited (commensal) while the other is not affected (host).

Shark is the host.

Remora is the commensal.

Commensalism

Tree is the host.

Orchid is the commensal.

Organism A Organism BMutualism Benefited BenefitedParasitism Benefited

(Parasite)Harmed(Host)

Commensalism Benefited(Commensal)

Not Affected (Host)

Mutualism

Commensalism

Parasitism

Competition

Predation

Cooperation

Predation

Parasitism

Mutualism

Cooperation