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SVAY RIENG UNIVERSITY Prepared by SO SOKUNTHEA FACULTY OF ARTS, HUMANITIES AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE Lecturer: Pen Narong

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SVAY RIENG UNIVERSITY

Prepared by SO SOKUNTHEA

FACULTY OF ARTS, HUMANITIES AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Lecturer: Pen Narong

ANGKOR WAT TEMPLE

INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY TOUR

On a special occasion, our school create an opportunity for FAHFL, English class junior and senior students to have a study tour to Angkor region. We started our journey to Siem Reap on the early morning of the 1st March, and along way to Siem Reap we are all happy together, singing, clapping, telling joke,… are the way we’re all make fun. In order to go to Siem Reap we have to across 3 provinces: Prey Veng, Kam Pongcham, and Kam Pongthom. At last with joy and smiling face we’re arrived in Siem Reap province. For our study tour in Siem Reap, we have visited Bayon temple, Banteaysrei temple, Banteaysamre, and Angkor Wat temple,

INTRODUCTION TO ANGKOR WAT TEMPLEAngkor Wat is a temple which is located in Siem Reap province. The Angkor Wat temple was constructed by king Suryavarman II, in the beginning of 12th century in the year of 1113 AD.

The temple is at the top of the high classical style of Khmer architecture. It has become a symbol of Cambodia, appearing on its national flag, and it is the country's prime attraction for visitors. Angkor Wat is a great temple in Angkor area and it is one of the seven wonder in the world and a temple which become the world heritage in December 15, 1992.

HISTORY OF ANGKOR The whole Angkor period spans for more than VI centuries, and more precisely from IX till XV century. During this period the Khmer empire reached its maximum splendor as one of the most powerful southeast asian kingdoms. In this period the whole area of Angkor was built. We can consider Jayavarman II as the man that started everything. He defines himself Devaraja (good king) and he established the Khmer empire in 802.

Angkor Wat lies 5.5 kilometres north of the modern town of Siem Reap. It is in an area of Cambodia where there is an important group of ancient structures. It is the southernmost of Angkor's main sites. The initial design and construction of the temple took place in the first half of the 12th century, during the reign of Suryavarman II (ruled 1113 – c. 1150). Dedicated to Vishnu, it was built as the king's state temple and capital city.

ANGKOR WATThe Angkor Wat is also considering as one of the largest religious Hindu temples in the world, and considering as the most using stone temple in the world as well. Angkor Wat estimated to use the sandstone and laterite approximately 300,000 million tones and took to build about 35years and saying that they used 4000 elephants including people suggested one person each family in around the kingdom, cometo carry the sandstone from a quarry of Phnom (mountain ) Kulen which its distend about 55 km to northeast from Angkor.

Angkor Wat was originally served as a Hindu temple, which dedicated to honor of Vishnu. It is only temple in the Angkor area, which built facing to the west. Normally, all the religious temples built facing to the east. The reason that Angkor Wat facing west, because due to this monument constructed to honorof God Vishnu, rather than the reason that this monument served as a funeral temple. Suryavarman II took Lord Vishnu as his God, and when he died they cremated his body and then collected some his ashes to keep in a golden urn to burry underneath of a golden Vishnu statue riding on Garuda, that originally installed in a central chamber of the main tower of the Angkor Wat.

This concept was the same concept to all the Khmer kings in the Angkor period. Because kings as gods, if he was a god he must has his posthumous name due to the name of god whom he believed, liked Suryavaman II had his posthumous name as Parama Vishnu Loka.

Angkor Wat temple has a moat, which measured of 1300m by 1500m, and about 5.5 km surrounding its compound. The moat also has 190m cross and has water all year-round. From that reason, Khmer temple has so fancy decorated detail carving everywhere from the bottom to the top of its structure. Because for the gods, they must live so fancy and sophisticated decoration.

When you visit to the Khmer temples, you may see lion statues at the first sight. According to the Hindu myths, Brahma God of Creator took lion as his palace's doorway guardian. When Khmers build temples, and as their temples were symbolized of Mt Meru, (Home of the Hindu Gods), that is why they put the lion statues for guarding at the front of their temples in order to follow a concept of a lion was guarding to the home of the Gods. Behind the lion statues, they put the naga statues to serve as the balustrade always along the causeway on the both sides.

The naga is a mythical snake and according to the Hindu myth, the naga was a god of the underworld. We notice that the Naga of Angkor Wat designed liked a fan form and appearing with seven heads. This only head of Naga in the first causeway is still good intact. The seven headed naga is symbolic of

the seven days of week, and seven colors of rainbow. By the way, to have number seven is standing on the theory with the odd number, because the odd number is lucky number.

For those who have plenty of time, suggested to come to the third level of Angkor Wat, is a very nice one. To have a sit at a quiet doorway and facing to ever green densely jungle, then imagine to an excellent inspiration of the Khmers who created such a fabulous architecture on earth. In addition, imagine how powerful to the Khmers who could carry stones from dozens kilometers away in order to build such a wonderful temple on planet. One more thing, to make us feel so mysterious and magic to the Khmer Kings who left for us such a considerable value legacy which now here on earth can compare. Then making our heart bloom of proud for being as a Khmer. As we see with our eyes this last temple are traces of a high level civilization. An enormous job that involved not only an army of thousands workers doing the hard job, building, moving rock and materials and so on. We will never know their names, or their faces, but what they left us fulfills our hearts with something magic.

because of this study tour we have learnt many things more about our culture especially the history of each temple we had visited. It was the great building which every people in the world want to visit because it is the world heritage. And beside the history of great temple we have learnt, we met many foreign tourist and we can practice speaking English and ask them what they think about Angkor Wat and Cambodia. And this study tour also build-up good relationship between teachers who led us and between all student.

In conclusion,

THANK !