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Keynote at 2nd International Forum of Cultural Infrastructures, Cidade de Cultura, Santiago de Compostela, November 9th 2012, #IIFIEC
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adding, sharing,growing, caring
how do we care for cultural heritage today?
2. International ForumOn Cultural Infrastructures
Santiago de Compostela
Merete [email protected]
@MSanderhoff
¡hola!@MSanderhoff
www.slideshare.net/MereteSanderhoff
Agendaadding
how can museums add value to the Internet
sharingwhich resources are we sharing
growing what are we doing to grow the sharing movement
caring how do we care for cultural heritage
from the Danish cultural sector!
Uffe ElbækMinister of Culture
The Danish government has secured 20 million DKK more to the cultural sector. The agreement maintains the free entrance to Statens Museum for Kunst.
http://kum.dk/nyheder-og-presse/pressemeddelelser/2012/november/finanslov-2013-penge-til-statens-museum-for-kunst-den-gamle-by-og-fregatten-jylland/
”…what does it mean that there are millions of images on the web that we are not allowed to touch while at the same time there are other millions of images that we can actually use?”
Peter Leth, Creative Commons For All (in Danish only), 2011
@peterleth1
http://www.creativecommons.dk/?p=537
digital wants to be shared
Why sharing is a GREAT idea
economic traditional image licensing is losing us money
workflowdigital infrastructure makes life easier
mission cultural heritage belongs to us all
use = value
www.commodityonline.com
adding
“The preservation, transmission, and advancement of knowledge in the digital age are promoted by the unencumbered use and reuse of digitized content for research, teaching, learning, and creative activities.”
Memo on open access to digital representations of works in the public domain from museum, library, and archive collections at Yale University
May 2011
http://odai.yale.edu/sites/default/files/OpenAccessLAMSFinal.pdf
“Our understanding of research, education, artistic creativity, and the progress of knowledge is built upon the axiom that no idea stands alone, and that all innovation is built on the ideas and innovation of others.”
Smithsonian Web and New Media Strategy, Version 1.0, 7/30/2009
http://www.si.edu/content/pdf/about/web-new-media-strategy_v1.0.pdf
+20 million records
+20 million records
http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/34017
• The Public Domain must be preserved
• A healthy Public Domain is essential to the social and economic wellbeing of society
• Digitisation of Public Domain knowledge does not create new rights over it
…but can we afford it?
Simon TannerDigital Humanities Strategist
@Simon Tanner
"Everyone interviewed wants to recoup costs but almost none claimed to actually achieve or expected to achieve this… Even those services that claimed to recoup full costs generally did not account fully for salary costs or overhead expenses."Reproduction charging models & rights policy for digital images in American art museums, 2004
http://www.kdcs.kcl.ac.uk/fileadmin/documents/USMuseum_SimonTanner.pdf
Jo ProsserManaging Director
Victoria & Albert Enterprises
Jo ProsserManaging Director
Victoria & Albert Enterprises
"Since 2006 the commercial market for [images] has undergone a revolution, with consumers now expecting images free of charge, free of usage restrictions, and instantly available for use…
Jo ProsserManaging Director
Victoria & Albert Enterprises
… In summary, more people want more content, from more complex sources and at more speed, but are less prepared to pay for it and less sympathetic to the real, non-digital, human resource required to deliver it."
http://smithsonian-webstrategy.wikispaces.com/Public+Domain+and+Image+Sales+References
“want more content”
“less prepared topay for it”
what are we afraid of?
abuse
losing money
https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/explore-the-collection/overview/johannes-vermeer/objects#/SK-A-2344,0
”Our primary mission is to ”tell the truth.”
Lizzy Jongma
Data Manager
Rijksmuseum
@LizzyJongma
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Johannes_Vermeer_-_De_melkmeid.jpg
Pushing out poor copies
Enriching public knowledge
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Milkmaid_(Vermeer)
Inviting usage
Harry Verwayen Business Development Director
Europeana@Hverwayen
Harry Verwayen Business Development Director
Europeana@Hverwayen
Michael Edson Director of Web and New Media Strategy
Smithsonian Institution@mpedson
sharing
http://www.googleartproject.com/collection/statens-museum-for-kunst/
access is not =
to sharing
Michael Edson Director of Web and New Media Strategy
Smithsonian Institution@mpedson
http://www.smk.dk/en/explore-the-art/the-royal-collections/free-download-of-art-works/
share
remix
use for all purposes
(yes, also commercial ones)
you’re free to
why?
Karsten OhrtDirector
SMK
"Like other museum institutions SMK is used to being seen as a gatekeeper of cultural heritage. But our collections do not belong to us. They belong to the public…
…Our motivation for sharing digitized images freely is to allow users to contribute their knowledge and co-create culture. In this way, SMK wishes to be a catalyst for the users' creativity."
Andrea Mantegna (1430/31-1506), Christ as the Suffering Redeemer, 1495-1500, CC BY
some data
some dataApril 16 – September 13, 2012
the page about SMK’s free images have been viewed 12,269 times
in comparison smk.dk has had 261,323 visitors in total
the Creative Commons Attribution page has been viewed 2,519 times
in comparison the ordinary copyright page has been viewed 602 times
some datathe zip file in its entirety downloaded approx 320 times in April
bandwidth shows that >2 TB were downloaded, that’s ~ 10.000 individual image downloads (average size 200 MB)
since then, divided into three zip files (5 GB too big) which have been downloaded – Zip 1: 124 times– Zip 2: 50 times– Zip 3: 42 times
some data
the individual images have been viewed 2,966 times (May 7-Sept 13)
averagely, users view 2,2 images and spend 5½ minutes on the download pages
in total 6,521 pages have been viewed
1,860 Danes have viewed the free images 757 from other countries, mostly the US, Germany, and Russia
Vilhelm Hammershøi, Interior in Strandgade, Sunlight on the Floor, 1901, CC BY
most downloaded #1
most downloaded #2
Peter Christian Skovgaard, A Beech Wood in May near Iselingen Manor, Zealand, 1857, CC BY
most downloaded #3
Lucas Cranach the Elder (c. 1472-1553), Melancholy, 1532, CC BY
Mai Misfeldt
art critic at Danish national newspaper
educator
Lucas Cranach the Elder (c. 1472-1553), Melancholy, 1532, CC BY
this artwork has beenin the Public Domain
for 389 years
http://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProjekt_Maleri/158_highlights
growing
common challenges?
rapid technological change
silo culture – high maintenance
charging for digitized images
relevance to next generation users
common solutions?
working together in networks
using existing platforms
providing free access
listening to and engaging users
www.mobypicture.com
2009
2011
2012
3 principles
1. All Public Domain content is freely
shareable and reusable
2. We use an existing platform instead of custom-building a new one
3. Target users take part in developing and creating the experience
artworks have individual #
comments are <140c
all users are equal and have names and faces
it is multilingual
comments lead to richer content
the platform is dynamically updated and improved
Twitter offers
How will it work?
stand in front of an artwork in a museum
pull out your smartphone or tablet
scan a QR code or the artwork
scroll through a stream of brief comments and questions, open links to related images, texts, videos etc. (anyone can do this)
post a comment, question, add a link, photo, video etc. (you need to be a Twitter user to do this)
maybe you get a response – if you direct a question or comment to a museum tweep, you certainly will!
Objective
Objective
Inspire usersto look closer
at the artworks
testing the concept
paper prototyping
follow up survey
focus group discussion
content
format
situation
www.guardian.co.uk
start small
ask the users
adapt
experiment
seize the opportunity at hand!
www.guardian.co.uk
www.guardian.co.uk
”The single greatest predictor of how much value we get out of our cognitive surplus is how much we allow ourselves to experiment, because the only group that can try everything is everybody.”
www.guardian.co.uk
”The opportunity before us (…) is enormous; what we do with it will be determined largely by how well we are able to imagine and reward public creativity, participation, and sharing.”
caring
adding value to the Internet
sharing useful high res content
growing communities that share
http://www.formidlingsnet.dk/sharing-is-caring-2012-program
http://www.formidlingsnet.dk/sharing-is-caring-2012-program
Jasper VisserInspired by Coffee
Shelley Bernstein, Brooklyn Museum
Jill Cousins, Europeana
povertà vien dal timor!
Oralto’s aria ”Chi dal cielo”
Antonio Vivaldi, La fida Ninfa, 1731
(a work in the Public Domain)
Read moreAbout the shared mobile pilot project• Open GLAM
http://openglam.org/2012/10/23/the-participatory-museum-of-denmark/ • Swedish Exhibition Agency
http://www.riksutstallningar.se/content/spana/curating-and-participation-new-mobile-platform?language=en
• MuseumNext 2012 http://vimeo.com/45705253#at=0
About SMK’s free charter collection• CC GLAM wiki
http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Case_Studies/Highlights_from_SMK,_The_National_Gallery_of_Denmark
About Public Domain and open licensing• Public Domain and Image Sales References
http://smithsonian-webstrategy.wikispaces.com/Public+Domain+and+Image+Sales+References
welcome!
it’s free for all
