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Eleventh Quartet 1966 F minor opus 122

11th quartet 2014

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Eleventh  Quartet  1966  

F  minor  opus  122  

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Eleventh  Quartet  

•  Opus.122.    F  minor  (1966);  Introduc?on:  Andan?no-­‐aCacca;  Scherzo:  AllegreCo-­‐aCacca;  Rec?ta?ve;  Adagio-­‐aCacca;  Etude:  Allegro-­‐aCacca;  Humoresque:  Allegreo-­‐aCacca;  Elergy:  Adagio-­‐aCacca;  Finale:  Moderato-­‐meno  mosso-­‐Moderato.      

•  Like  a  film  score  –  seven  miniatures  human  comedies  that  are  ul?mately  tragic.  Full  of  dark  humour.    

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Concep?on  

•  Dedicated  to  Vasili  Pyotrovich  Shirinsky  –  friend  and  co-­‐founder  of  the  Beethoven  quartet.      

•  F  minor  =  key  of  death.    •  17  minutes    •  All  movements  linked.    •  Oddly  disjointed  –  but  there  is  the  cello  theme  in  the  intro  that  is  heard  throughout.  

•  Disparate  themes  brought  together  in  final  mvt.    

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First  Mvt  

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First  mvt  

•  Mostly  first  violin  tune  with  harmony  or  interjec?ons  from  the  others.    

•  Simple  with  a  theme  that  reappears  at  several  places.      

•  Cello  idea  at  boCom  of  first  page  the  (1)  important  unifying  element.    

•  Restrained  dynamics  throughout  –  p  and  pp.    •  Modified  Sonata  form  with  second  subject  at  2  and  recap  at  4.    

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Second  mvt  

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Second  mvt  

•  Lots  of  repeated  quavers  –  passed  around  the  instruments  like  a  fugue.    Shostakovich  always  interested  in  disciplined  forms  –  love  of  Bach.    

•  Jocking  glizzandi.    Used  a  lot  –  e.g.  5th  symphony  second  mvt.    

•  Ends  on  long  drawn  out  C.      •  Texture  unwinds  towards  the  end.  Last  pge  mostly  viola  alone  –  with  lots  of  rests.    Seems  odd  and  unfinished.    

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3rd  mvt  

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First  3  mvts    

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Third  mvt  

•  Adagio  –  but  very  forced  at  the  beginning  and  harshly  discordant.    Followed  by  quaver  double  stops  on  first  violin.    

•  Cello  theme  the  beginning.  •  Shortest  and  oddest.    •  Echo  of  cello  theme  at  22.    •  Goes  from  ff  to  p  to  pp.      •  Gradually  fades  away.    

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4th  mvt  

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Etude  and  Humeresque  

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Fourth  –  Sixth  Mvt  

•  Etude  –  windy  theme  on  semi-­‐quavers  almost  throughout.  Violin  1  then  cello.    Jewishness  of  start  –  cello  theme  on  the  other  instruments.    

•  Humoresque  –  second  violin  os?nato    -­‐  staccato  quavers  played  almost  throughout.  (g  and  c)  

•  Elegy  –  sadness  for  friend.  Funeral  march  of  slow  doCed  figures.    

•  Finale  –  the  themes  of  the  other  movements  put  together  in  play.    No  longer  fragmentary  but  organic.    

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5th  mvt  

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About  Death  

•  His  own?    •  Worsening  health.    •  In  trouble  over  his  13th  Symphony  –  but  not  like  1956  and  48.  

•  He  performed  himself  in  the  concert  of  premier  in  some  songs  despite  poliomyeli?s.    

•  But  tension  may  have  brought  on  a  heart  aCack  in  his  hotel  room  that  night.    

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6th  mvt  

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6th  mvt  

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7th  mvt  

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Themes  together  

•  Os?nato  quavers  from  5th  mvt  to  start.  •  Second  mvt  quaver  paCerns  on  first  violin  join.    

•  Glissandi  phrase  from  2nd  next  aher  46.  •  49  the  main  cello  theme  clearly  stated.    •  Very  first  mvt  1  them  heard  aher  52.    •  Long  held  notes  of  Mvt  3  at  end  in  high  violin  •  etc  

 

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7th  mvt    

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Sources  

•  hCp://en.scorser.com/S/Sheet+music/shostakovich+string+quartet/-­‐1/1.html.  All  the  score  are  downloadable  here.  

•  Website  -­‐    Shostakovich  string  quartets  an  introduc?on.    Good  material  on  each  quartet  plus  essays  on  context  and  background.    

•  Norman  Kay,  Shostakovich,  (London,  1971),  Has  a  chapter  on  12th  Quartet  in  par?cular.