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w h i t e p a p e r

Ethernet VPN

White Paper: Ethernet VPN ©2010 FPL FIberNet, LLC Confidential and Propriety – August, 2010 i

Contents

FPL FiberNet Overview 1

FPL FiberNet History 1

Network Overview 1

Network Architecture 3

Network Operations 4

Ethernet VPN 4

Value Added Features in Detail 7

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) 12

Acronyms 16

White Paper: Ethernet VPN ©2010 FPL FIberNet, LLC Confidential and Propriety – August, 2010 1

FPL FiberNet Overview

FPL FiberNet delivers award-winning wholesale and enterprise telecommunication services with its extensive long-haul and metro fiber-optic networks. Our products include traditional SONET and SDH transport, Ethernet/IP and wireless solutions. With approximately 4,000 miles of high-quality and high-count fiber and expanding connectivity to central offices, customer POPs, carrier hotels and international cable landing stations, FPL FiberNet is the broadband provider of choice.

Depend on FPL FiberNet to be your provider of cost-effective, innovative fiber-optic solutions throughout Florida and Atlanta. When you’re ready to increase your bandwidth and reliability, turn to FPL FiberNet, the next generation in Fiber-Optic Broadband Solutions.

FPL FiberNet History

FPL FiberNet’s fiber-optic network was originally developed in the late 1980s by Florida Power & Light Company to provide internal telecommunications services to support company operations. In 1996, FPL began selling excess fiber-optic capacity along its network to the major telecommunications companies operating in Florida. FPL FiberNet acquired an existing 1,600-mile inter-city fiber network from FPL. The company was launched in early 2000 to sell fiber-optic network capacity and dark fiber on a wholesale basis to local and long-distance telephone companies, Internet service providers and other telecommunications companies in Florida. Since its inception, FPL FiberNet has invested millions of dollars to build its fiber-optic network throughout Florida’s major metropolitan areas and install state-of-the-art optical networking and Ethernet equipment. In 2009, FPL FiberNet extended its network footprint into Atlanta.

Network Overview

In today’s increasingly competitive global business environment, customers are constantly looking to improve operational efficiency by leveraging highly-developed communications systems. To meet these needs, FPL FiberNet offers highly reliable and feature-rich business-critical services that will enhance your everyday business operations, geared to exceed your customer requirements and help you stretch your budget. Since service interruptions have a costly and disruptive effect on day-to-day operations, selecting a highly reliable and scalable provider with secure solutions is essential in your fast-paced environment. These enhanced product solutions offered by FPL FiberNet will allow you to maintain superior customer relationships and grow your business.


FPL FiberNet offers VPN services that meet and exceed the stringent demands of a variety of business objectives, recognizing that maintaining a competitive edge can be achieved by taking advantage of the right IT applications. Enterprises that leverage business critical applications increase their efficiency and reduce the likelihood of business failure. In selecting such VPN services, business CIO’s consider the following service requirements, all of which are supported by FPL FiberNet VPN solutions:

»» Application protocol transparency

»» Control of Network routing

»» Ability to integrate all services over a common access technology

»» Option to connect sites using different access technologies

»» Ability to monitor the availability of services being offered

»» Ability to adjust service bandwidth with quick provisioning times

»» Simplicity of deploying new business applications

In order to meet the requirement of CIOs, FPL FiberNet offers advanced value-added VPN services:

»» Ethernet VPN Point-to-Point is a VLL service that emulates the behavior of a lease line (pseudo-wire).

»» Ethernet VPN Multipoint-to-Multipoint is a VPLS service that emulates behavior of a LAN switch.

All services described above are delivered over FPL FiberNet’s highly reliable Fiber Optic network enabled by Alcatel-Lucent Service Routing equipment. Our network is protected and diversified on the following elements: fiber, route, equipment and power, ensuring your solution is highly reliable and resilient.


Network Architecture

Fig. 1: FPL FiberNet’s IP/MPLS/Ethernet Network Architecture

Metro

Alcatel-Lucent7250/7210/other

Accedian/Other

Alcatel-Lucent 7750/7450/7710/7210

Metro

Alcatel-Lucent 7750

Customerequipment

SubtendedMPLS network

SubtendedEthernet

switchnetwork

Customerequipment

MPLS corenetwork

West PalmBeach(CSE)

FortLauderdale

(FTL2)

FortMyers

(FMH2)

Tampa/St. Pete.(TAPE)

Sarasota

OrlandoWest

(ORLW)

Jacksonville

Georgia

Miami(MIA36)

NAP

Atlanta

Tallahassee

Florida


Network Operations

The FPL FiberNet network is proactively monitored by our NOC (Network Operations Center) 24 X 7, 365 days per year. All equipment is presently monitored for service affecting and performance monitoring threshold alarms. FPL FiberNet conducts preventative exercises on all network elements in order to proactively correct any deficiencies before they become a customer affecting problem in the network. Our NOC draws upon a field operations force comprised of technicians that respond 24/7 and are located in strategic geographic areas to enable quick response to any trouble that may arise. The focus of FPL FiberNet’s maintenance force is to reduce MTTR where possible and meet or exceed the customer SLA requirement. FPL FiberNet continuously strives to improve the quality of our network and the maintenance processes to enhance the trouble resolution efforts to minimize adverse effects on customers. FPL FiberNet implements the ‘Six Sigma’ quality process for all quality initiatives.

Ethernet VPN

Product Definition

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) service is a private network that shares a common platform with other users. This service has been popular over the past few years and in parallel there has been an increasing interest in scalable, end-to-end Ethernet services. Several developments in the area of VPNs have helped to enable Ethernet-based VPNs. Chief among these are two MPLS technologies: Virtual Leased Line (VLL) and Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS).

»» Virtual Leased Line (VLL or E-Line), also known as Ethernet Point-to-Point VPN service, emulates the behavior of a leased line between two points. In the industry, this technology is also referred to as Virtual Private Wire Service (VPWS) or Ethernet over MPLS (EoMPLS). VLLs use the pseudo-wire encapsulation for transporting Ethernet traffic over an MPLS tunnel across an IP/MPLS network.

»» Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS or E-LAN), also known as Ethernet Multipoint-to-Multipoint VPN service, emulates the behavior of a traditional bridge between multiple points. Ethernet Point-to-Multipoint VPN service can be considered as a special case of Ethernet Multipoint-to-Multipoint VPN Service with one site designated as the Hub connected to multiple points.

Service providers can use these technologies to offer advanced services to their customers such as managed VPN services. Similarly, large enterprises can use these technologies to virtually segment their networks based on business needs, and across geographical boundaries.

Advantages of Ethernet VPN services:»» Offers easy, scalable growth that can be quickly upgraded

»» Offers very high bandwidth WAN connections

»» Delivers more bandwidth for the money than other data services


»» Provide QoS / CoS options for various voice, video and data applications

»» Eliminates the need for expensive WAN interfaces

»» Allows better utilization of bandwidth

»» Provides protocol transparency

»» Provides secure connection between two or more sites

Standard Product Features»» Ethernet VPN Topology Options (See Figure 2: VPN Topologies)

•» Connect two locations; Point-to-Point VPN •» Connect a hub to multiple remote locations; Point-to-Multipoint VPN•» Connect multiple locations to each other; Multipoint-to-Multipoint VPN

»» Native Ethernet (MTU frame size set to 1546 bytes)

»» Dedicated full-duplex

»» MAC addresses•» No limit on Point-to-Point topologies•» 250 limit on multipoint topologies

»» Access via 10/100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps

»» Committed Information Rates (CIR) per site as follows:•» 10-100Mbps in 10 Mbps increments (10/100Mbps port)•» 100-500Mbps in 50Mbps increments & 500-1000Mbps in 100Mbps increments

(1000Mbps port)•» 2 to 8 x 1000Mbps in 1000Mbps increments (LAG 1000Mbps ports) (VPLS only)

»» Port Media and Physical Interfaces:•» 100BaseTX; Cat5e (100m)•» 100BaseFX; LC Connector; SMF (2km)•» 1000BaseTX; CAT5e (100m)•» 1000BaseSX; LC Connector; MMF (500m)•» 1000BaseLX; LC Connector; SMF (2km)

»» Protected and diversified MPLS Core/Edge Network (fiber, equipment, power)

»» Performance (applies to CIR traffic only)•» Latency (round-trip delay) ≤ 5ms Metro

≤ 20ms inter-Metro

≤ 30ms Inter-State

•» Jitter ≤ 5ms•» Packet Delivery ≥ 99.95%•» Network Availability* ≥ 99.995%

* Some customer sites may require Protection feature in order to achieve this level of network availability


Value Added Features »» Protection

»» Jumbo Frame support, with MTU set to 9000 bytes (available only with 1000Mbps ports)

»» VLAN option for additional services through the same physical port

»» Port Upgrade: 100 to 1000Mbps (for CIR < 100Mbps)

»» Quality of Service allows the ability to prioritize traffic

»» Bursting for traffic above CIR (best effort)

»» Multicasting (up to CIR)

»» Other customized solutions available upon request*

* Development times and charges may apply

Notes: Point-to-Point Ethernet VPN Both A and Z locations must have same CIR (and PIR)

Point-to-Multipoint Ethernet VPN CIR set per site, however, service quality not guaranteed unless CIRHub ≥ ∑ CIROther Sites

Quality of Service feature highly recommended if CIRHub ≤ ∑ CIROther Sites

Multipoint-to-Multipoint Ethernet VPN CIR set per site, however, service quality not guaranteed if traffic exceeds location’s CIR Quality of Service feature highly recommended for this type of service

Fig. 2: VPN Topologies

FPL FiberNet’sIP/MPLS/Ethernet

network


network

Customerlocation

(remote office)

Customerlocation

(headquarters)

Customerlocation

(headquarters)

Customerlocation

(remote office)

Customerlocation

(remote office)

Customerlocation

(remote office)

Customerlocation

(remote office)

Customer premise equipment

Ethernet multipoint-to-multipoint VPN Ethernet point-to-multipoint VPN

Ethernet point-to-point VPN

FPL FiberNet Ethernet equipment

10, 100, 1000 Mb/sEthernet connection

Customerlocation

(remote office)


network


Value Added Features in Detail

Protection

The standard Ethernet VPN service may be provided over local infrastructure without fiber or route diversity between Provider Edge (PE) equipment to Customer Edge (CE) equipment or Network Interface Device (NID);

Fig. 3: Unprotected Fiber Infrastructure

Protected and diversifiedMPLS network: fiber,

power and equipmentPE CE NID

CAT5e/MMF/SMF handoff

CAT5e

RiserEntranceLocal fiber

infrastructure

Customerpremise

Unprotected fiber/route

Unprotected fiber/routeProtected and diversifiedMPLS network: fiber,

power and equipmentPE NID


If available, fiber and route diversity can be provided as a value added feature to the Customer Premise equipment. All or some of the protection options described in figures below may be available. FPL FiberNet will work with the customer to determine the best protection option. Other customer specific requirements can be discussed on an individual case basis.

Single entrance and riser are assumed.

Fig. 4a: Protected NID at Customer Premises


power and equipmentPE Protected NID


Protectedfiber/route

EntranceLocal fiber

infrastructure

Customerpremises

Unprotectedroute throughsingle entrance

Unprotectedfiber and routethrough riser

Fig. 4b: Protected Aggregation Switch with Protected Fiber and Route Infrastructure


power and equipmentPE CE NID




infrastructure

Customerpremises


Unprotectedfiber and

route through riser


Fig. 4c: Protected by WDM Network for Fiber and Route Infrastructure


power and equipment PE WDMWDM NIDCAT5e/MMF/SMF handoff



infrastructure

Customerpremises



route through riser

Fig. 4d: Protected Fiber and Route Infrastructure by Ethernet over Sonet (EoS)


power and equipment PESONET

NE NIDCAT5e/MMF/SMF handoff



infrastructure

Customerpremises



route through riser

SONETNE

Fig. 4e: Protected Fiber Route and Customer Premise Equipment Infrastructure


power and equipmentPE

NID

NID



EntranceLocal fiber

infrastructure

Customerpremises


Unprotectedfiber and routethrough riser

Customer equipment must support LAg for option 6e

NID

NID

Jumbo FrameThe standard Ethernet VPN service has a Maximum Trans mission Unit (MTU) of 1546 bytes. For customers that require a larger MTU, we offer support for Jumbo frames that increases MTU to 9000 bytes; available only with 1000Mbps ports or greater.

Port Upgrade

The standard Ethernet VPN service comes with a 100Mbps port for CIR < 100 Mbps. For customers that require a 1000Mbps port but do not wish to commit to at least 100Mbps CIR, we offer a value added feature to upgrade standard 100Mbps port to a 1000Mbps port.

VLAN Service

The standard Ethernet VPN service is provided through a physical port per location. As a value added feature, multiple services can be delivered to a customer at a single location through the same physical port. This feature requires that services be tagged at the location with different VLAN tags so that traffic can be separated by the customer and FPL FiberNet.


Fig. 6: Service Multiplexing using VLAN

Local networkproviding access from

FN to customerPECustomer equipment

Both servicesprovided over same

physical portVLAN 200 =

dedicated Internet access

VLAN 100 =Ethernet point-to-point VPN

NIDNID PE Customer equipment

Multicasting

The standard Ethernet VPN service has limited (1 Mbps) multicasting bandwidth. As a value added feature, multicasting can be supported. This feature may enable customers to multicast up to CIR.Note: This feature is only applicable to Point-to-Multipoint and Multipoint-to-Multipoint VPNs

Bursting

Bursting bandwidth is available at best-effort quality up to port speed (100Mbps or 1000Mbps). Since bursting is best-effort, overall service quality may degrade during periods of bursting if critical packets are not able to meet required SLAs (i.e. delay, jitter, loss packets, etc.). To mitigate this effect, customers can prioritize their traffic using Quality of Service feature described in the next section or below.

Quality of Service

The standard Ethernet VPN service provides for the highest quality of service for the Committed Information Rate (CIR). However, different types of traffic require different service require ments.

Note: Standard Product Performance SLAs may not be met for Latency and Packet Delivery if QoS is selected and service experiences congestion.

Voice • Minimal end-to-end delay• Minimal jitter• Minimal packet loss

• Expedite

Traffic type or category Service requirement Suggested priority level

Video • Reasonable end-to-end delay• Minimal jitter• Minimal packet loss

• High priority

Preferred data • Reasonable end-to-end delay• Reasonable jitter• No packet loss

• Low priority

Best-effort data

For Routing Protocol or Network Control suggested classification would be CoS3.

• No delay constraints• No packet loss

• Best effort

• CoS1

Suggested classification

• CoS1 or CoS2

• CoS3 or CoS4

• CoS5 or CoS6


CoS1 Interactive voice/interactive video

Delay sensitiveapplications (video)

EF

AF41

Classification

CoS Classification

Intended application PHB

CoS2

CoS1, CoS2, CoS3 traffic strictly policed/prioritized with excess traffic droppedCoS4, CoS5, CoS6 bandwidth sharing calcualted based on BW allocation(Within each traffic classifation in-contract traffic is favored over out-of-contract traffic)

46

DSCP

34

CS5

Class selector

CS4

5

802.1p class selection

4

Routing protocolnetwork control

NC1NC2

CoS3 4856

CS6CS7

6

Scavengernon-critical traffic

AF11 (in-contract)AF12 (out-contract)

CoS6 1012

CS1 1

Bursty traffic AF31 (in-contract)AF32 (out-contract)

AF21 (in-contract)AF22 (out-contract)

CoS4 2628

1820

CS3

CS2

3

2

Best effort BECoS5 0 CS0 0

Multimedia 10-100 by 10100-500 by 50500-1000 by 100

5-20% by 5%30-90% by 10%

QoS profile

FPL FIberNet Ethernet VPN CoS Profile Bandwidth Allocation Table

CIR bandwidthavailability (Mb/s) CoS1

5-20% by 5%30-90% by 10%

CoS2

5-30% by 5%30-90% by 10%

CoS3

5-30% by 5%30-90% by 10%

CoS4

5-30% by 5%30-90% by 10%

CoS5

0-20% by 5%

20% 10% 5% 35% 25% 5%

CoS6

Criticaldata

10-100 by 10100-500 by 50500-1000 by 100

N/A N/A 5-30% by 5%30-90% by 10%

5-30% by 5%30-90% by 10%

5-30% by 5%30-90% by 10%

N/A

N/A N/A 100% 0% 0% N/A

N/A N/A 80% 10% 10% N/A

N/A N/A 60% 30% 10% N/A

N/A N/A 40% 30% 30% N/A

Businessdata

10-100 by 10100-500 by 50500-1000 by 100

N/A N/A N/A 100% 0% N/A

N/A N/A N/A 90% 10% N/A

N/A

Standarddata

10-100 by 10100-500 by 50500-1000 by 100

N/A N/A N/A 100% 0% N/A

N/A N/A 50% 50% N/A

* CoS1, CoS2, CoS3 traffic strictly policed/prioritized with excess traffic dropped** BW percentage used to calculate bandwidth sharing among remaining Classes of Service (within each traffic classification in-contract traffic is favored over out-of-contract traffic)*** Where “BW” is the CIR for service and “XXX” is the unique code to differentiate profiles within a QoS package. Additional CoS configurations may be available on an ICB as custom development projects


As a value added feature, we offer the ability for customers on a VPN service to prioritize their traffic with Quality of Service (QoS) Value Added Feature to get the best Ethernet utilization. This feature allows the customer to prioritize their traffic in a manner that best matches their traf fic service requirements. This should provide best utilization of bandwidth with minimal to no impact to applications within the network.

The primary function of QoS features is to differentiate traffic types competing for bandwidth in a network. Used properly this feature can help the customer forgo bandwidth upgrades while maintaining performance of mission-critical applications. However, QoS is not a substitute for sufficient bandwidth. It’s features are intended to provide deterministic behavior during periods of network congestion. This behavior represents a trade off; usually favoring time sensitive mission critical applications over less time sensitive or less critical applications during congestion.


Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Section 1 – Market

Q Where does FPL FiberNet offer Ethernet services?

A FPL FiberNet offers Ethernet services at the following Metros in Florida; Miami, Fort Lauderdale, West Palm Beach, Orlando, Sarasota, Tampa, Jacksonville, Daytona, Naples, Fort Myers, Tallahassee and Atlanta.

Section 2 – Network Architecture

Q What network architecture does FPL FiberNet use to deliver Ethernet services?

A Below is a description of FPL FiberNet’s network for delivering Ethernet services:

Core/Edge MPLS Network Alcatel 7750/7450 Service Platform Interconnected via 10G links Protected for power, fiber, route, and equipment

Aggregation MPLS or Ethernet Switch Network Alcatel 7710/7210 Service Platform Interconnected via 1G/10G links

Access Ethernet Switch Network, EoDWDM, EoSONET, or EoTDM.Protection of fiber & route available as value added feature Power provided by customer

Section 3 – Access

Q Does FPL FiberNet support Ethernet, Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet?

A FPL FiberNet supports Ethernet (10Mbps), Fast Ethernet/FE (100Mbps) and Gigabit Ethernet/GE (1000Mbps)

Q Does FPL FiberNet support multiple physical interfaces for Ethernet, Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet?

A FPL FiberNet supports all the following media, interfaces, connectors at all locations

PORT MEDIA PHYSICAL INTERFACE CONNECTOR DISTANCE10BaseTX CAT5e cable N/A 100m100BaseTX CAT5e cable N/A 100m100BaseFX single-mode fiber LC 2km1000BaseTX CAT5e cable N/A 100m1000BaseSX multi-mode fiber LC 500m1000BaseLX single-mode fiber LC 2km

Note: Cross-connect distance limitations may prevent the use of certain interface types.


Q Does FPL FiberNet offer fractional Ethernet services?

A FPL FiberNet offers the following fractional speeds for 100Mbps ports; 10-100Mbps in 10Mbps increments.

FPL FiberNet offers the following fractional speeds for 1000Mbps ports; 100-500Mbps in 50Mbps increments & 500-1000Mbps in 100Mbps increments. These rates can be specific per VLAN into one common port.

Q Does FPL FiberNet support full GigE (1,000 Mbps) and full FastE bandwidth (100Mbps) across a GigE or FastE port respectively?

A Yes, but throughput will depend on frame size mix.

Section 4 – Service/Products and Value Added Features

Q Does FPL FiberNet’s Ethernet Service forward tagged or untagged frames?

A FPL FiberNet’s standard Ethernet service forwards tagged and untagged frames at an MTU of 1546 bytes. This makes FPL FiberNet’s network transparent to customer VLAN tags in traffic and limits packet MTU to 1546 bytes. This allows customer to pass its VLAN or stacked VLAN tagged traffic through FPL FiberNet provided VPN as long as MTU does not exceed 1546 bytes.

Q Does FPL FiberNet support Jumbo frames in its Ethernet service?

A FPL FiberNet supports jumbo frames of up to 9000 bytes as a value added feature with 1000Mbps ports or greater.

Q What mode does FPL FiberNet support half-duplex, full-duplex or auto-negotiate to full-duplex mode?

A FPL FiberNet standard Ethernet service supports auto-negotiate to full-duplex or or hard coded with full-duplex mode.

Q Does FPL FiberNet’s Ethernet service support VLAN stacking, translation, or swapping?

A Since FPL FiberNet’s standard Ethernet service is transparent to customer VLAN tagging, VLAN stacking, translation, or swapping is not a standard offer from FPL. However, if a customer needs this type of service, we can work with customer to customize a solution.

Q Does FPL FiberNet support multiple VLANs over the same physical port in accordance with IEEE 802.1q standard?

A FPL FiberNet supports multiple services over the same port by VLAN tagging each service’s traffic. This service follows IEEE 802.1q standard.


Q Does FPL FiberNet Ethernet service support multicast traffic?

A FPL FiberNet standard Ethernet service supports a limited bandwidth of multicast traffic; 1 Mbps. However, as a value added feature, multicasting up to the CIR may be supported.

Q Does FPL FiberNet support Ethernet priority via the IEEE 802.1p standard?

A FPL FiberNet supports priority of traffic via IEEE 802.1p standard. We refer to this as QoS or Quality of Service. This is a value added feature which allows customers to tag their traffic into 6 levels of traffic priority.

Q How does FPL FiberNet treat Spanning Tree BPDU packets; drop, pass, or process?

A In most cases FPL FiberNet will pass Spanning Tree BPDU packets. Some solutions may require FPL FiberNet to interact with a customer spanning tree domain.

Q Does FPL FiberNet support 802.3ad link aggregation of multiple Ethernet ports? If not, is your service transparent to link aggregation protocols?

A FPL FiberNet supports link aggregation of multiple Ethernet ports in accordance with IEEE 802.3ad standard as a value added feature.

Q Is FPL FiberNet’s Ethernet service completely transparent to all Layer 3 protocols?

A FPL FiberNet is transparent to all TCP/IP based Layer-3 protocols. Interconnection with certain multicast routing protocols may be required in some instances to control flooding within a Multi-Point service.

Q Is FPL FiberNet’s Ethernet service burstable, tiered or usage-based?

A FPL FiberNet offers bursting service that is priced depending on Committed Information Rate (CIR). Bursting is tiered in that it is allowed, as a value added feature, from CIR up to port speed (100Mbps or 1000Mbps).

Section 5 – Service Delivery

Q What is FPL FiberNet’s standard interval for Ethernet service?

A FPL FiberNet’s standard interval for Ethernet service is 15-30 business days for On-Net sites, and Off-Net is 60 business days after permits are received. FPL FiberNet defines a site to be On-Net for Ethernet if Equipment and Capacity for desired Ethernet service is available at location where service is being requested; otherwise the site is considered Off-Net.


Section 6 – SLA

Q Does FPL FiberNet manage or monitor its network?

A FPL FiberNet monitors the network from our NOC which operates 7x24x365.

Q What are FPL FiberNet’s Service Level Agreements (SLA) for its Ethernet service?

A These are available in MSA in greater detail but a summary version is as follows;

Latency (RTD) ≤ 5ms Metro and ≤ 20ms inter-Metro ≤ 30ms Inter-StateJitter ≤ 5msPacket Delivery ≥ 99.95%Network Availability ≥ 99.995%Mean Time to Respond (MTTR) ≤ 2 hours

Credits for not meeting any of the above apply but are limited for customer provided power failure, fiber cuts of un-protected services, or fiber cuts of un-diversified entrance and/or risers conduits.

For more information call your sales executive or 1-866-STRANDS and visit us at www.fplfibernet.com


Acronyms

ARP - Address Resolution Protocol

CAT5 – Category 5 Network Cable

CAT5e – Category 5 Enhanced Cable

CE – Customer Edge

CIR – Committed Information Rate

FX – Fiber Transmission (MMF)

HSRP – Hot Standby Protocol

IEEE – International Electrical and Electronics Engineering Association

IP – Internet Protocol

L1 – Layer 1, Physical Layer

L2 – Layer 2, Data Link Layer

LAG – Link Aggregation Group

LAN – Local Area Network

LED – Light Emitting Diode

LC – Lucent Connector (uses a 1.25 mm ferrule)

LX - Fiber Transmission (SMF, Long Reach, Long Wavelength, Laser)

MAC (addresses) – Medium Access Control

Mbps – Megabits per Second

MMF – Multi Mode Fiber

MPLS – Multi Protocol Label Switching

MSA – Master Service Agreement

MTTR – Mean Time to Respond

MTU – Maximum Transmission Unit

NAT – Network Address Translation

NID – Network Interface Device

NOC – Network Operations Center

PE – Provider Edge

PIR – Peak Information Rate

PM – Performance Monitoring

QoS – Quality of Service

RTD – Round Trip Delay (latency)

SLA – Service Level Agreement

SMF – Single Mode Fiber


SONET – Synchronous Optical Networking Technologies

SX – Fiber Transmission (MMF, Short Reach, Short Wavelength, LED)

TX – Electrical Transmission (CAT5)

UNI – User to Network Interface

VLL – Virtual Leased Line

VPLS – Virtual Private LAN Service

VPN – Virtual Private Network

VPWS – Virtual Private Wire Service

VRRP – Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol

WAN – Wide Area Network

WDM - Wavelength Division Multiplexing