Variable Speed Heat PumpsProvisional UES Proposal Presentation
to the Regional Technical Forum
September 18, 2012
Presentation by Kacie Bedney, Bonneville Power
Elizabeth Daykin, Bonneville PowerBen Larson, Ecotope
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Overview
Heat pump measures’ applicability clarified to exclude variable speed heat pumps (VSHP) at May 2012 RTF meeting
83 VSHP systems reported to BPABPA is conducting research to establish
savings for this measure
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Measure Summary
• Measure name: Variable Speed Heat Pumps
• Measure Sponsor: BPA
• Measure description:–Installation of high efficiency variable speed air source heat pumps to replace an electric forced air furnace. 12 HSPF / 18 SEER
• Requesting Status: Provisional
Measure Classification
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Measure Classification and Properties Upgrades Conversions
Market Sector Residential Residential
Market SegmentSingle Family Homes - New & Existing Construction Single Family Homes - New & Existing Construction
Measure Category HVAC HVAC
Measure Description
Installation of high efficiency variable speed air source heat pumps to replace a single or dual speed air source heat pump.
Installation of high efficiency variable speed air source heat pumps to replace an electric forced air furnace.
Sunset Criteria April 2014 April 2014
Primary Workbook PROPOSED_Res_SF_VSHP_Upgrade_v0.xlsm PROPOSED_Res_SF_VSHP_Upgrade_v0_ed.xlsm
Linked Workbooks No external links No External links
Number of Measures, and UES Components
18 upgrade measures for single-family (new and existing construction) for 3 heating and 3 cooling zones with one UES component each.
36 forced-air furnace conversion measures for single-family (new and existing construction), with and without existing air conditioning, for 3 heating and 3 cooling zones with one UES component each.
Measure Identifiers
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Identifier Possible Values Further Explanation and SourcesConstruction Type New or Existing construction
Climate Zone (Heating) Heating zones 1, 2, & 3 Heating zones 1, 2, & 3 are based on the following weightings of SEEM results for 5 citiesZone 1: Portland 20% Seattle 50% Boise 15% Kalispell 0% Spokane 15%Zone 2: Portland 0% Seattle 0% Boise 10% Kalispell 5% Spokane 85%Zone 3: Portland 0% Seattle 0% Boise 0% Kalispell 100% Spokane 0%From: ExistingResidentialSingleFamily_SEEMRuns_03.xlsm
Climate Zone (Cooling) Cooling zones 1, 2, & 3 Cooling zones 1, 2, & 3 are based on the following weightings of SEEM results for 5 citiesZone 1: Portland 5% Seattle 80% Boise 0% Kalispell 15% Spokane 0%Zone 2: Portland 35% Seattle 0% Boise 10% Kalispell 0% Spokane 55%Zone 3: Portland 0% Seattle 0% Boise 100% Kalispell 0% Spokane 0%From: ExistingResidentialSingleFamily_SEEMRuns_03.xlsm
Measure Identifiers
Baseline Specifications
Two baseline HVAC systems:•Electric Forced Air Furnace - w/ and w/o AC•ASHP - 8.5 HSPF 14.0 SEER−PTCS controls, commissioning, and sizing in base
Three building types (weighted):•1,344 ft2 single-story ranch house (5%)•2,200 ft2 split-level house (67%)•2,688 ft2 house with basement (28%)
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Baseline Specifications Cont’d
Last measure in – existing houses weatherized, lighting upgraded• Same characteristics as those used for GSHP analysis• http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/rtf/measures/res/archive/ResGSHP_v2_1.xlsm 7
House CharacteristicsComponent: New Existing (Fully Wx)Ceiling* R-38 R-38Wall R-21 2"x6" R-13 2"x4"Window U-0.29 U-0.29Floor* R-30 R-30Infiltration 6 ACH50 7 ACH50Supply Duct Leak Fraction 6% 6%Return Duct Leak Fraction 3% 3%Supply Duct R-Val 8 6Return Duct R-Val 8 6Lighting 0.8 W/ft^2 0.8 W/ft^2*Cel ing and fl oors in retrofi t case have s l ightly lower U-va lues than new construction due to larger void spaces in Wx
VSHP Performance Model: SEEM Ecotope developed based on the Carrier
Corporation 25VNA InfinityTM VSHP • HSPF 12, SEER 18• Product specification sheet provides: input power and
output capacity at 10°F increments for both min & max indoor air handler flow−Min and max inputs and outputs
• Previous work basing performance model from spec sheet data suggests assessment is likely optimistic - field & lab work needed.
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Carrier Spec Sheet Data
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Curve Fits
Performance curve fitted to spec sheet data using regression techniques
• Input = ƒ(Tout, Trp, CFM)
• Output = ƒ(Tout, Trp, CFM)
Currently, no cooling curve fit. Cooling improvements assumed to occur in proportion to heating improvements.
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Variable Capacity Considerations: Controls & Airflow
Assert HP controller follows house load• Assert it is similar to observed DHP behavior• Ex: If VSHP runs for 45 mins at full output for 1 hour, in
the next hour it runs at 75% output for 1 hour.
Airflow is a function of capacity and changes every hour within simulation• Duct losses vary with varied airflow• This model shows ~5% increase in duct losses over a
single speed system
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Example Simulation Output
2200ft2 house with UA= 475 Btu/hr-F•Heat pump size = 3 tons
Eugene, OR climate. January 10-11.
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Higher duct losses for VSHP when operating at lower airflows requires more overall heat output
Higher COP for VSHP system requires less energy input
Capacity changes based on load.Min capacity is ~40%
Measure Cost Summary
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Baseline costs for upgrade and conversion rely on air-source heat pump analyses
VSHP costs are from customer invoices•Upgrade $2,851 incremental cost•Conversion incremental cost−FAF w/ CAC $5,616−FAF w/o CAC $6,975
Measure Life Summary
Measure life of 20 years•Available default EUL
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• Sunset Criteria:
– Measure shall sunset at the end of 2014, at which time the field work and lab
testing results will inform updated SEEM runs
Cost Effectiveness
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Existing Construction
New Construction
Existing Construction
New Construction
Existing Construction
New Construction
1 1 0.70 0.60 2.00 1.50 1.50 1.10
1 2 0.80 0.70 2.00 1.50 1.40 1.00
1 3 0.90 0.70 2.00 1.50 1.30 0.90
2 1 1.10 1.00 2.80 2.10 2.10 1.60
2 2 1.20 1.00 2.80 2.20 2.10 1.60
2 3 1.30 1.10 2.90 2.20 2.00 1.50
3 1 1.60 1.40 3.30 2.50 2.50 1.90
3 2 1.70 1.40 3.30 2.60 2.50 1.90
3 3 1.70 1.50 3.40 2.60 2.40 1.80
Conversion - w/ CACUpgrade Conversion - w/o CAC
HZ CZ
Checklist
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1. Introduction and PurposeSponsor(s) Yes Bonneville Power Adminstration
Savings Estimation Method Yes UES
Unit Energy Savings Yes
2. Measure Specification
Measure Identifiers YesSingle family, new and existing construction, for all heating and cooling zones, replacing air-source heat pumps (upgrade) and forced air furnaces (conversion).
Savings Baseline YesCurrent practice: 8.5 HSPF 14 SEER air source heat pump baseline for upgrade measures; conversion from FAF assumes COP = 1.
Implementation Standards Yes Must be installed in accordance with manufacturer specifications.
Product Standards Yes Variable speed compressor and air handler with minimum 12.0 HSPF
Checklist – cont’d
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3. Unit Energy SavingsProvisional
Sufficient data collection YesData collection underway with laboratory and analysis studies to be completed by December 2013.
UES adopted ? TDB at September 18, 2012 RTF meeting
Sunset criteria ? TDB at September 18, 2012 RTF meeting
Type of Estimation Procedure Yes Calibrated Engineering
Input Parameters YesAll of the input parameters supporting the baseline and efficient case are documented.
Model Calibration Yes Not calibrated to efficient case house but to various other building UAs
UES Components Yes Space heat and cool
Interactions between Measures Yes Interactions with strip heat and duct losses.
Heating/Cooling Interactions Yes Interactions with strip heat, weatherization, duct losses were all considered.
Reliable Baseline Data ?This measure uses the same baseline as single- and dual-speed air-source heat pumps.
Reliable Efficient-case Data ? The efficient case will be substantiated through data collection.
Model Calibration - Baseline YesNot calibrated to baseline case house but to various other building UAs & heating systems.
Model Calibration - Efficient-Case NoNo measured HVAC and house data to date. Will be collected as part of research plan.
Sound Analyses Used ?
3.2.3 Standard for Reliability
Did RTF determine savings were reliable?
Summary Sheet Completed? Yes
Measure Classification and Properties Yes Residential, single family, HVAC.
Measure Identifiers YesSingle family, new and existing construction, for all heating and cooling zones, replacing air-source heat pumps (upgrade) and forced air furnaces (conversion).
Constant Parameters YesConstant parameters for home size, insulation, infiltration, lighting are detailed in the measure workbook.
Estimation Method, Parameters and Sources Yes Described in Measure Workbook
Costs estimated Yes Described in Measure Workbook
Measure Effective Useful Life (years) Yes 20 year RTF default value available and used
ProCost analysis complete Yes
3.4 Documentation
Standard
3.2 Required Quality of Savings
Estimate
3.1 UES Estimation Procedure
Plan for Data Collection and Analysis – laboratory testing
Lab testing for performance curves Spring/Summer 2013 2-ton outdoor unit, 2 to 3.5 ton indoor unit AHRI ref # 4618711
Tested at high, intermediate and low compressor speeds
Tested over a range of indoor and outdoor conditions (ODT 17 deg – 62 deg)
AHRI steady state heating tests
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Plan for Data Collection and Analysis: field test
BPA-led advisory committee Committee to assist in developing:
• method for evaluating the performance• appropriate M&V plan• what data to collect what & how to measure• duration of the tests• number of sites to test
Combine lab and field testing into SEEM model to determine annual estimated savings
Winter 2013
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Contacts
BPAKacie Bedney
503.230.4631
EcotopeBen Larson
206.322.3753 x207
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Stephanie Vasquez
503.230.3492
RTF Proposed Motion:
“I _________ move that the RTF approve the Residential VSHP UES Measure as Provisional with Active status.”
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